Subfield · General Social Sciences
Most cited papers in General Social Sciences
What are the most cited papers in General Social Sciences?
The most cited paper in General Social Sciences is "Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method" (Glenn A. Bowen, 2009), with 12,630 citations. Next come "Techniques to Identify Themes" (5,495) and "Answering the Call for a Standard Reliability Measure for Coding Data" (4,263).
Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 508 citations is listed.
| # | Paper | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method Glenn A. Bowen · Qualitative Research Journal | 3 Aug 2009 | 12,630 |
| 2 | Techniques to Identify Themes Gery W. Ryan, H. Russell Bernard · Field Methods | Feb 2003 | 5,495 |
| 3 | Answering the Call for a Standard Reliability Measure for Coding Data Andrew F. Hayes, Klaus Krippendorff · Communication Methods and Measures | Apr 2007 | 4,263 |
| 4 | Narrative configuration in qualitative analysis Donald E. Polkinghorne · International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education | 1995 | 3,945 |
| 5 | Text as Data: The Promise and Pitfalls of Automatic Content Analysis Methods for Political Texts Justin Grimmer, Brandon Stewart · Political Analysis | 2013 | 3,332 |
| 6 | Content Analysis in Mass Communication: Assessment and Reporting of Intercoder Reliability Matthew Lombard, Jennifer Snyder‐Duch, Cheryl Campanella Bracken · Human Communication Research | Oct 2002 | 2,961 |
| 7 | Understanding and Validity in Qualitative Research Joseph A. Maxwell · Harvard Educational Review | Sep 1992 | 2,954 |
| 8 | Qualitative Research: Rigour and qualitative research Nicholas Mays, Catherine J. Pope · BMJ | 8 Jul 1995 | 2,732 |
| 9 | Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community Robert Y. Shapiro · Political Science Quarterly | 2000 | 2,730 |
| 10 | Ethics, Reflexivity, and “Ethically Important Moments” in Research Marilys N. Guillemin, Lynn H. Gillam · Qualitative Inquiry | Apr 2004 | 2,641 |
| 11 | Choose Your Method: A Comparison of Phenomenology, Discourse Analysis, and Grounded Theory Helene E. Starks, Susan Brown Trinidad · Qualitative Health Research | 13 Nov 2007 | 2,550 |
| 12 | CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF BODY HAIR GROWTH IN WOMEN DAVID G. FERRIMAN, J. D. GALLWEY · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | Nov 1961 | 2,522 |
| 13 | Big Data, new epistemologies and paradigm shifts Rob Kitchin · Big Data & Society | Apr 2014 | 2,346 |
| 14 | The impact of culture and governance on corporate social reporting Roszaini Haniffa, Terry E. Cooke · Journal of Accounting and Public Policy | 12 Aug 2005 | 2,032 |
| 15 | Structural Topic Models for Open‐Ended Survey Responses Margaret E. Roberts, Brandon Stewart, Dustin H. Tingley et al. · American Journal of Political Science | 6 Mar 2014 | 2,007 |
| 16 | dendextend: an R package for visualizing, adjusting and comparing trees of hierarchical clustering Tal Galili · Bioinformatics | 23 Jul 2015 | 1,988 |
| 17 | Reliability of Content Analysis: The Case of Nominal Scale Coding William Abbott Scott · Public Opinion Quarterly | 1955 | 1,859 |
| 18 | The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Ann Forsyth · Journal of Planning Education and Research | Dec 1999 | 1,811 |
| 19 | Qualitative research in nursing - Advancing the humanistic imperative Annatjie Botes · Health SA Gesondheid | Dec 1996 | 1,800 |
| 20 | Quality in Qualitative Research Clive F. Seale · Qualitative Inquiry | Dec 1999 | 1,757 |
| 21 | Interpretive description: A noncategorical qualitative alternative for developing nursing knowledge Sally Elizabeth Thorne, Sheryl Reimer Kirkham, Janet MacDonald‐Emes · Research in Nursing & Health | Apr 1997 | 1,705 |
| 22 | A phenomenological hermeneutical method for researching lived experience Anders Lindseth, Astrid Norberg · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences | 17 May 2004 | 1,698 |
| 23 | mT5: A Massively Multilingual Pre-trained Text-to-Text Transformer Linting Xue, Noah Constant, Adam Paul Roberts et al. | 2021 | 1,638 |
| 24 | Text Summarization with Pretrained Encoders Yang Liu, Mirella Lapata | 2019 | 1,635 |
| 25 | Flexible Coding of In-depth Interviews: A Twenty-first-century Approach Nicole M. Deterding, Mary C. Waters · Sociological Methods & Research | Oct 2018 | 1,612 |
| 26 | stm : An R Package for Structural Topic Models Margaret E. Roberts, Brandon Stewart, Dustin H. Tingley · Journal of Statistical Software | 2019 | 1,593 |
| 27 | Communication, Power and Counter-power in the Network Society Manuel Castells | 8 Feb 2007 | 1,546 |
| 28 | Case Study Research and Applications Kosuke Mizukoshi · Quarterly Journal of Marketing | 28 Sep 2023 | 1,536 |
| 29 | The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting Daniel M. Bell Jr. · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) | 1973 | 1,379 |
| 30 | Supervised Topic Models David M. Blei, Jon McAuliffe · arXiv (Cornell University) | 3 Mar 2010 | 1,305 |
| 31 | Qualitative Content Analysis: A Guide to Paths not Taken David L. Morgan · Qualitative Health Research | Feb 1993 | 1,285 |
| 32 | Competing Against Time George Stalk, Thomas M. Hout · Research-Technology Management | Mar 1990 | 1,276 |
| 33 | Text as Data Matthew Aaron Gentzkow, Bryan P. Kelly, Matt A. Taddy · Journal of Economic Literature | Sep 2019 | 1,251 |
| 34 | Writing Narrative Literature Reviews Roy Frederick Baumeister, Mark R. Leary · Review of General Psychology | Sep 1997 | 1,234 |
| 35 | Exploiting affinities between topic modeling and the sociological perspective on culture: Application to newspaper coverage of U.S. government arts funding Paul DiMaggio, Manish Nag, David M. Blei · Poetics | 8 Nov 2013 | 1,161 |
| 36 | A correlated topic model of Science David M. Blei, John Lafferty | 2018 | 1,137 |
| 37 | Ten Steps in Scale Development and Reporting: A Guide for Researchers Serena Carpenter · Communication Methods and Measures | 22 Nov 2017 | 1,136 |
| 38 | Establishing rigour in qualitative research: the decision trail Tina Koch · Journal of Advanced Nursing | May 1994 | 1,125 |
| 39 | Word embeddings quantify 100 years of gender and ethnic stereotypes Nikhil Garg, Londa L. Schiebinger, Dan Jurafsky et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 3 Apr 2018 | 1,113 |
| 40 | Topic modeling Hanna Wallach | 2006 | 1,075 |
| 41 | The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA): A Guide to a Good Qualitative Research Approach Abayomi Oluwatosin Alase · International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies | 30 Apr 2017 | 1,074 |
| 42 | Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, and Aaron Courville: Deep learning Jeff Heaton · Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines | 29 Oct 2017 | 1,056 |
| 43 | Process Tracing and Elite Interviewing: A Case for Non-probability Sampling Oisín Tansey · PS Political Science & Politics | Oct 2007 | 1,022 |
| 44 | Eta Squared, Partial Eta Squared, and Misreporting of Effect Size in Communication Research Timothy R. Levine, Craig R. Hullett · Human Communication Research | Oct 2002 | 982 |
| 45 | A Topic Modeling Comparison Between LDA, NMF, Top2Vec, and BERTopic to Demystify Twitter Posts Roman Egger, Joanne Yu · Frontiers in Sociology | 6 May 2022 | 978 |
| 46 | Depoliticising development: The uses and abuses of participation Sarah C. White · Development in Practice | Feb 1996 | 967 |
| 47 | Social sustainability: a catchword between political pragmatism and social theory Beate Littig, Erich Grießler · International Journal of Sustainable Development | 2005 | 953 |
| 48 | Social Science Concepts: A User's Guide Gary Goertz · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) | 25 Dec 2005 | 939 |
| 49 | Sequence Analysis and Optimal Matching Methods in Sociology Andrew Abbott, Angela Tsay · Sociological Methods & Research | Aug 2000 | 933 |
| 50 | Correlated Topic Models John Lafferty, David M. Blei · Neural Information Processing Systems | 5 Dec 2005 | 923 |
Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.