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Most cited papers in Geology

What are the most cited papers in Geology?

The most cited paper in Geology is "The continental crust: its composition and evolution" (Brian Frederick Windley, 1986), with 11,005 citations. Next come "PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentation" (9,954) and "Chronology of Fluctuating Sea Levels Since the Triassic" (7,338).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 1,177 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 The continental crust: its composition and evolution Brian Frederick Windley · Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors Feb 1986 11,005
2 PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentation Raffaelli Charles, Hao Su, Kaichun Mo et al. Conference paper Jul 2017 9,954
3 Chronology of Fluctuating Sea Levels Since the Triassic Bilal Ul Haq, Jan Hardenbol, Peter R. Vail · Science 6 Mar 1987 7,338
4 Biopython: freely available Python tools for computational molecular biology and bioinformatics Peter Cock, Tiago Antão, Jeffrey T. Chang et al. · Bioinformatics Open access 20 Mar 2009 6,801
5 Composition of the Continental Crust Roberta L. Rudnick, Shan Gao · Treatise on Geochemistry Book chapter 2003 6,466
6 Structure-from-Motion Revisited Johannes L. Schönberger, Jan‐Michael Frahm Conference paper Jun 2016 6,276
7 Global Sea Floor Topography from Satellite Altimetry and Ship Depth Soundings Walter H. F. Smith, David T. Sandwell · Science 26 Sep 1997 4,763
8 Geology of mankind Paul J. Crutzen · Nature 3 Jan 2002 4,513
9 Parallel Tracking and Mapping for Small AR Workspaces Georg Klein, David W. Murray Conference paper Nov 2007 4,314
10 ScanNet: Richly-Annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenes Angela Dai, Anne Lynn S. Chang, Manolis Savva et al. Conference paper Jul 2017 4,270
11 ORB-SLAM3: An Accurate Open-Source Library for Visual, Visual–Inertial, and Multimap SLAM Carlos Campos, Richard Elvira, Juan J. Gomez Rodriguez et al. · IEEE Transactions on Robotics Open access 25 May 2021 4,192
12 ‘Structure-from-Motion’ photogrammetry: A low-cost, effective tool for geoscience applications Matthew Westoby, James Brasington, Neil F. Glasser et al. · Geomorphology 6 Sep 2012 4,137
13 Generic Mapping Tools: Improved Version Released Paul Wessel, Walter H. F. Smith, Remko Scharroo et al. · Eos 5 Nov 2013 4,121
14 A benchmark for the evaluation of RGB-D SLAM systems Jrgen Sturm, Nikolas Engelhard, Felix Endres et al. Conference paper Oct 2012 4,086
15 KinectFusion: Real-time dense surface mapping and tracking Richard A. Newcombe, Andrew W Fitzgibbon, Shahram Izadi et al. Conference paper Oct 2011 4,035
16 Fast Point Feature Histograms (FPFH) for 3D registration Radu Bogdan Rusu, Nico Blodow, Michael Beetz Conference paper May 2009 3,961
17 Petrology of the sedimentary rocks Earle F. McBride · Geomorphology Jun 1991 3,689
18 Tectonic models for accretion of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt Brian Frederick Windley, Dmitriy V. Alexeiev, Wenjiao Xiao et al. · Journal of the Geological Society Open access 7 Dec 2006 3,433
19 Multi-view Convolutional Neural Networks for 3D Shape Recognition Hang Su, Subhransu Maji, Evangelos Kalogerakis et al. Conference paper Dec 2015 3,408
20 The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart K.M. Cohen, Stanley C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard et al. · Episodes Open access Sep 2013 3,226
21 A Revised Cenozoic Geochronology and Chronostratigraphy William A. Berggren, Dennis V. Kent, Carl C. Swisher et al. · SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) eBooks Book chapter 1995 3,091
22 PointRCNN: 3D Object Proposal Generation and Detection From Point Cloud Shaoshuai Shi, Xiaogang Wang, Hongsheng Li Conference paper Jun 2019 3,070
23 Unmanned aerial systems for photogrammetry and remote sensing: A review I. Colomina, P. Molina · ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Open access Apr 2014 3,006
24 Characterizing dissolved organic matter fluorescence with parallel factor analysis: a tutorial Colin Andrew Stedmon, Rasmus Bro · Limnology and Oceanography Methods Nov 2008 2,845
25 Unsupervised Learning of Visual Representations by Solving Jigsaw Puzzles Mehdi Noroozi, Paolo Favaro · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paper 2016 2,823
26 Morphology, Genesis, and Distribution of Nanometer-Scale Pores in Siliceous Mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale Robert G. Loucks, Robert M. Reed, Stephen C. Ruppel et al. · Journal of Sedimentary Research 30 Nov 2009 2,793
27 Cenozoic geological and plate tectonic evolution of SE Asia and the SW Pacific: computer-based reconstructions, model and animations Robert Jr. O. Hall · Journal of Asian Earth Sciences Apr 2002 2,626
28 Automatic generation and detection of highly reliable fiducial markers under occlusion Sergio Garrido-Jurado, Rafael Muñoz‐Salinas, Francisco José Madrid-Cuevas et al. · Pattern Recognition 21 Jan 2014 2,621
29 Least-squares estimation of transformation parameters between two point patterns Shinji Umeyama · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Apr 1991 2,436
30 Deep Learning for 3D Point Clouds: A Survey Yulan Guo, Hanyun Wang, Qingyong Hu et al. · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29 Jun 2020 2,375
31 Building Information Modeling (BIM) for existing buildings — Literature review and future needs Rebekka Volk, Julian Stengel, Frank Schultmann · Automation in Construction Open access 14 Dec 2013 2,199
32 PV-RCNN: Point-Voxel Feature Set Abstraction for 3D Object Detection Shaoshuai Shi, Chaoxu Guo, Li Jiang et al. Conference paper Jun 2020 2,170
33 SVO: Fast semi-direct monocular visual odometry Christian Förster, Matia Pizzoli, Davide Scaramuzza Conference paperOpen access May 2014 2,156
34 PointNet++: Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Space Charles R. Qi, Li Yi, Hao Su et al. · arXiv (Cornell University) PreprintOpen access 7 Jun 2017 2,145
35 KinectFusion Shahram Izadi, David Kim, Otmar Hilliges et al. Conference paper 16 Oct 2011 2,142
36 Mesozoic and Cenozoic Chronostratigraphy and Cycles of Sea-Level Change Bilal Ul Haq, Jan Hardenbol, Peter R. Vail et al. · SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) eBooks Book chapter 1988 2,129
37 The EuRoC micro aerial vehicle datasets Michael Burri, Janosch Nikolic, Pascal Gohl et al. · The International Journal of Robotics Research 25 Jan 2016 2,116
38 Efficient RANSAC for Point‐Cloud Shape Detection Ruwen Schnabel, Roland Wahl, Reinhard Klein · Computer Graphics Forum 21 May 2007 2,108
39 Continental Basalts and Mantle Xenoliths D. BARRIE CLARKE · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Jul 1984 2,048
40 Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion: Tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of eastern Tethys Ian Metcalfe · Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 2 Jan 2013 2,030
41 Photometric Method For Determining Surface Orientation From Multiple Images Robert J. Woodham · Optical Engineering Feb 1980 2,019
42 Maps of Pleistocene sea levels in Southeast Asia: shorelines, river systems and time durations Harold K. Voris · Journal of Biogeography Sep 2000 1,996
43 3D Semantic Parsing of Large-Scale Indoor Spaces Iro Armeni, Ozan Şener, Amir Zamir et al. Conference paperOpen access Jun 2016 1,987
44 Real-time loop closure in 2D LIDAR SLAM Wolfgang J. Hess, Damon Kohler, Holger Rapp et al. Conference paper May 2016 1,967
45 PointConv: Deep Convolutional Networks on 3D Point Clouds Wenxuan Wu, Zhongang Qi, Fuxin Li Conference paper Jun 2019 1,954
46 Submarine Thermal Springs on the Galápagos Rift John B. Corliss, Jack Dymond, Louis I Gordon et al. · Science 16 Mar 1979 1,902
47 PCT: Point cloud transformer Meng-Hao Guo, Jun-Xiong Cai, Zheng-Ning Liu et al. · Computational Visual Media Open access 9 Apr 2021 1,894
48 UAV for 3D mapping applications: a review Francesco Nex, Fabio Remondino · Applied Geomatics 7 Nov 2013 1,892
49 Matterport3D: Learning from RGB-D Data in Indoor Environments Anne Lynn S. Chang, Angela Dai, Thomas A. Funkhouser et al. Conference paper Oct 2017 1,833
50 Petrogenesis of Mesozoic granitoids and volcanic rocks in South China: A response to tectonic evolution Xinmin Zhou, Tao Sun, Weizhou Shen et al. · Episodes Open access Mar 2006 1,774

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.