Most cited papers in Cognitive Science and Education Research
What are the most cited papers in Cognitive Science and Education Research?
The most cited paper in Cognitive Science and Education Research is "The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information." (George Miller, 1956), with 17,806 citations. Next come "The Mathematical Theory of Communication" (9,856) and "Black Holes and Entropy" (7,550).
Showing 50 of 99 papers. Every paper with more than 592 citations is listed.
| # | Paper | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. George Miller · Psychological Review | Mar 1956 | 17,806 |
| 2 | The Mathematical Theory of Communication Claude E. Shannon, Warren Weaver, Norbert Wiener · Physics Today | Sep 1950 | 9,856 |
| 3 | Black Holes and Entropy Jacob D. Bekenstein · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields | 15 Apr 1973 | 7,550 |
| 4 | Human Memory: A Proposed System and its Control Processes R. C. Atkinson, Richard M. Shiffrin · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation | 1968 | 7,147 |
| 5 | Perceptual symbol systems Lawrence W. Barsalou · Behavioral and Brain Sciences | Aug 1999 | 6,855 |
| 6 | Relevance: Communication and Cognition Dan Sperber, Deirdre Wilson | 6 Mar 1986 | 6,071 |
| 7 | Working Memory Alan Baddeley, Graham J. Hitch · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation | 1974 | 5,377 |
| 8 | Mood and memory. Gordon H. Bower · American Psychologist | 1981 | 5,043 |
| 9 | A Learning Algorithm for Continually Running Fully Recurrent Neural Networks Ronald J. Williams, David Zipser · Neural Computation | Jun 1989 | 4,504 |
| 10 | Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions Jaak Panksepp | 1998 | 4,052 |
| 11 | Toward a theory of automatic information processing in reading David LaBerge, S. Jay Samuels · Cognitive Psychology | Apr 1974 | 3,852 |
| 12 | Phenomenography ? Describing conceptions of the world around us Ference Marton · Instructional Science | Jul 1981 | 3,294 |
| 13 | Mind over Machine: The Power of Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of the Computer Hubert L. Dreyfus, Stuart E. Dreyfus, Lotfi A. Zadeh · IEEE Expert | Jun 1987 | 3,187 |
| 14 | Being There: Putting Brain, Body and World Together Again. Tim van Gelder, Andy Clark · The Philosophical Review | Oct 1998 | 3,149 |
| 15 | Self-perception: An alternative interpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena. Daryl J. Bem · Psychological Review | 1967 | 2,986 |
| 16 | Catastrophic forgetting in connectionist networks Robert M. French, R French · Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Apr 1999 | 2,385 |
| 17 | Are there basic emotions? Paul Ekman · Psychological Review | 1992 | 2,117 |
| 18 | Three approaches to the quantitative definition of information * A. N. Kolmogorov · International Journal of Computer Mathematics | 1968 | 2,055 |
| 19 | Emotion drives attention: Detecting the snake in the grass. Arne Öhman, Anders Flykt, Francisco Gomes Esteves · Journal of Experimental Psychology General | 2001 | 1,935 |
| 20 | What's basic about basic emotions? Andrew Ortony, Terence J. Turner · Psychological Review | 1990 | 1,900 |
| 21 | Integrated information theory: from consciousness to its physical substrate Giulio Tononi, Mélanie Boly, Marcello Massimini et al. · Nature reviews. Neuroscience | 26 May 2016 | 1,815 |
| 22 | Towards a Cognitive Theory of Emotions Keith Oatley, Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird · Cognition & Emotion | Mar 1987 | 1,766 |
| 23 | Invariants of Human Behavior Herbert A. Simon · Annual Review of Psychology | 1990 | 1,604 |
| 24 | Consciousness and Complexity G Tononi · Science | 4 Dec 1998 | 1,596 |
| 25 | The particle swarm: social adaptation of knowledge James C. Kennedy | 22 Nov 2002 | 1,559 |
| 26 | Psychophysical and theoretical identifications David Lewis · Australasian Journal of Philosophy | Dec 1972 | 1,548 |
| 27 | Sonar tracking of multiple targets using joint probabilistic data association Thomas E. Fortmann, Yaakov Bar‐Shalom, Molly M. Scheffe · IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering | Jul 1983 | 1,476 |
| 28 | Stimulus information as a determinant of reaction time. Ray Hyman · Journal of Experimental Psychology | 1953 | 1,468 |
| 29 | Some Tests of the Decay Theory of Immediate Memory John L. Brown · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology | Feb 1958 | 1,463 |
| 30 | Bayesian cognitive modeling a practical course Michael Lee, Eric‐Jan Wagenmakers | 2013 | 1,422 |
| 31 | Motivational and emotional controls of cognition. Herbert A. Simon · Psychological Review | 1967 | 1,420 |
| 32 | Multiple hypothesis tracking for multiple target tracking Samuel S. Blackman · IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine | 2004 | 1,411 |
| 33 | ACOUSTIC CONFUSIONS IN IMMEDIATE MEMORY Rupert Conrad · British Journal of Psychology | Feb 1964 | 1,408 |
| 34 | On the primacy of cognition. Richard S. Lazarus · American Psychologist | Feb 1984 | 1,349 |
| 35 | The dynamical hypothesis in cognitive science Tim van Gelder · Behavioral and Brain Sciences | Oct 1998 | 1,344 |
| 36 | Connectionist Models and Their Properties Jerome A. Feldman, D.H. Ballard · Cognitive Science | Jul 1982 | 1,326 |
| 37 | Decision processes in perception. John A. Swets, Wilson P. Tanner, Theodore G. Birdsall · Psychological Review | Sep 1961 | 1,310 |
| 38 | Flashbulb memories Roger Brown, James A. Kulik · Cognition | 1977 | 1,308 |
| 39 | Perspective Taking: Imagining How Another Feels Versus Imaging How You Would Feel C. Daniel Batson, Shannon Early, Giovanni Salvarani · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin | Jul 1997 | 1,307 |
| 40 | The ART of adaptive pattern recognition by a self-organizing neural network Gail A. Carpenter, Stephen Grossberg · Computer | Mar 1988 | 1,297 |
| 41 | Toward an epistemology of physics Andrea A. diSessa | 1993 | 1,268 |
| 42 | How Does a Brain Build a Cognitive Code? Stephen Grossberg · Boston studies in the philosophy of science | 1982 | 1,203 |
| 43 | The Evolution of Communication Sam Gliksman · Corwin eBooks | 2016 | 1,175 |
| 44 | Operation of the laws of sympathetic magic in disgust and other domains. Paul Rozin, Linda Millman, Carol J. Nemeroff · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology | Apr 1986 | 1,148 |
| 45 | Visual analogue scales: measurement of subjective phenomena. Audrey G. Gift · PubMed | Nov 1989 | 1,147 |
| 46 | Representations in Distributed Cognitive Tasks Jiaje Zhang, Donald A. Norman · Cognitive Science | 1994 | 1,142 |
| 47 | A blackboard architecture for control Barbara Hayes‐Roth · Artificial Intelligence | Jul 1985 | 1,142 |
| 48 | On computation and cognition: Toward a foundation of cognitive science Zenon W. Pylyshyn · Artificial Intelligence | Mar 1989 | 1,137 |
| 49 | The mind in the middle: A practical guide to priming and automaticity research. John A. Bargh, Tanya L. Chartrand | 2000 | 1,122 |
| 50 | Visual dominance: An information-processing account of its origins and significance. Michael I. Posner, Mary Jo Nissen, Raymond M. Klein · Psychological Review | 1976 | 1,084 |
Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.