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Most cited papers in DNA and Biological Computing

What are the most cited papers in DNA and Biological Computing?

The most cited paper in DNA and Biological Computing is "A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems" (Ronald L. Rivest, Adi Shamir, Leonard M. Adleman, 1983), with 13,115 citations. Next come "Reducibility among Combinatorial Problems" (11,108) and "Channel Polarization: A Method for Constructing Capacity-Achieving Codes for Symmetric Binary-Input Memoryless Channels" (4,564).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 623 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems Ronald L. Rivest, Adi Shamir, Leonard M. Adleman · Communications of the ACM 1983 13,115
2 Reducibility among Combinatorial Problems Richard M. Karp Book chapter 1972 11,108
3 Channel Polarization: A Method for Constructing Capacity-Achieving Codes for Symmetric Binary-Input Memoryless Channels Erdal Arıkan · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Open access 16 Jun 2009 4,564
4 Molecular Computation of Solutions to Combinatorial Problems Leonard M. Adleman · Science 11 Nov 1994 4,482
5 Untraceable electronic mail, return addresses, and digital pseudonyms David Chaum · Communications of the ACM Open access Feb 1981 4,322
6 Capacity theorems for the relay channel Thomas M. Cover, Abbas El Gamal · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Sep 1979 4,223
7 Automatic verification of finite-state concurrent systems using temporal logic specifications E. M. Clarke, E. Allen Emerson, Aravinda Prasad Sistla · ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems Open access Apr 1986 3,602
8 Sequence logos: a new way to display consensus sequences Thomas Dana Schneider, Robert M. Stephens · Nucleic Acids Research Open access 1990 3,515
9 The rate-distortion function for source coding with side information at the decoder Aaron D. Wyner, J. Ziv · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 1976 3,098
10 Efficient string matching Alfred V. Aho, Margaret J. Corasick · Communications of the ACM Jun 1975 2,969
11 Three Factors in Language Design Noam Chomsky · Linguistic Inquiry 2005 2,659
12 The symbol grounding problem Stevan Harnad · Physica D Nonlinear Phenomena Open access Jun 1990 2,630
13 A guided tour to approximate string matching Gonzalo Navarro · ACM Computing Surveys Open access Mar 2001 2,595
14 Using encryption for authentication in large networks of computers Roger M. Needham, Michael D. Schroeder · Communications of the ACM Open access Dec 1978 2,364
15 Computing with Membranes Gheorghe Pǎun · Journal of Computer and System Sciences Open access Aug 2000 2,281
16 Communicating and Mobile Systems: the Pi-Calculus Robin Milner 1999 2,268
17 The Gaussian wire-tap channel S. Leung-Yan-Cheong, Martin E. Hellman · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Jul 1978 2,074
18 Quad trees a data structure for retrieval on composite keys Raphael A. Finkel, Jon Louis Bentley · Acta Informatica 1974 2,042
19 Reduced surface: An efficient way to compute molecular surfaces Michel F. Sanner, Arthur J. Olson, Jean-Claude Spehner · Biopolymers Mar 1996 1,996
20 A quantitative assay for DNA-RNA hybrids with DNA immobilized on a membrane David H. Gillespie, Sol Spiegelman · Journal of Molecular Biology Jul 1965 1,973
21 Suffix Arrays: A New Method for On-Line String Searches Udi Manber, Gene Myers · SIAM Journal on Computing Oct 1993 1,966
22 Concurrency and automata on infinite sequences David S. Park · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paper 22 Nov 2005 1,883
23 Computational thinking and thinking about computing Jeannette M. Wing · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences Open access 31 Jul 2008 1,764
24 Co-clustering documents and words using bipartite spectral graph partitioning Inderjit S. Dhillon Conference paper 26 Aug 2001 1,723
25 A Certified Digital Signature Ralph C. Merkle · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paper 8 Nov 2007 1,708
26 Constructing Free-Energy Approximations and Generalized Belief Propagation Algorithms Jonathan S. Yedidia, William T. Freeman, Yaakov Weiss · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 28 Jun 2005 1,673
27 Silicon physical random functions Blaise Gassend, Dwaine Clarke, Marten van Dijk et al. Conference paper 18 Nov 2002 1,663
28 On certain formal properties of grammars Noam Chomsky · Information and Control Open access Jun 1959 1,598
29 Ensembl BioMarts: a hub for data retrieval across taxonomic space R. J. Kinsella, Andreas Kähäri, Syed Haider et al. · Database Open access 23 Jul 2011 1,585
30 Regular and irregular progressive edge-growth tanner graphs Xiaoyu Hu, Evangelos S. Eleftheriou, Donald M. Arnold · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2005 1,511
31 Conjugate coding Stephen J. Wiesner · ACM SIGACT News 1983 1,508
32 Next-Generation Digital Information Storage in DNA George M. Church, Yuan Gao, Sriram Kosuri · Science Open access 17 Aug 2012 1,475
33 Scaling Up Digital Circuit Computation with DNA Strand Displacement Cascades Lulu Qian, Erik Winfree · Science 3 Jun 2011 1,467
34 Computation of channel capacity and rate-distortion functions Richard E. Blahut · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Jul 1972 1,454
35 Formal Languages and Their Relation to Automata John E. Hopcroft, Jeffrey David Ullman · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) 1969 1,342
36 Parallel Prefix Computation Richard E. Ladner, Michael J. Fischer · Journal of the ACM Open access Oct 1980 1,289
37 Incidence matrices and interval graphs D. R. Fulkerson, Oliver Gross · Pacific Journal of Mathematics Open access Sep 1965 1,289
38 Raptor Codes Amin Shokrollahi Conference paper Jul 2007 1,263
39 Towards practical, high-capacity, low-maintenance information storage in synthesized DNA Nick Goldman, Paul Bertone, Siyuan Chen et al. · Nature Open access 22 Jan 2013 1,260
40 Cooperative Mobile Robotics: Antecedents and Directions Y. Uny Cao, Alex S. Fukunaga, Andrew B. Kahng · Autonomous Robots Mar 1997 1,239
41 A Design Principle for Hash Functions Ivan Damgård · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paperOpen access 8 Nov 2007 1,198
42 Efficient erasure correcting codes Michael G. Luby, Michael Mitzenmacher, Mohammad Amin Shokrollahi et al. · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Open access 2001 1,195
43 Universal codeword sets and representations of the integers Peter Eliaš · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Mar 1975 1,185
44 Skip lists: a probabilistic alternative to balanced trees William White Tison Pugh · Communications of the ACM Open access Jun 1990 1,175
45 An introduction to Γ-convergence Gianni Dal Maso · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) 1993 1,152
46 Opportunistic data structures with applications Paolo Ferragina, Giovanni Manzini Conference paper 7 Nov 2002 1,100
47 Neural network computation with DNA strand displacement cascades Lulu Qian, Erik Winfree, Jehoshua Bruck · Nature Jul 2011 1,100
48 Fast Algorithms for Finding Nearest Common Ancestors Dov Harel, Robert Endre Tarjan · SIAM Journal on Computing May 1984 1,081
49 Cuckoo hashing Rasmus Pagh, Flemming Friche Rodler · Journal of Algorithms 28 Feb 2004 1,063
50 DNA Solution of Hard Computational Problems Richard J. Lipton · Science 28 Apr 1995 1,057

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.