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Most cited papers in EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces

What are the most cited papers in EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces?

The most cited paper in EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces is "EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis" (Arnaud Delorme, Scott Makeig, 2004), with 25,692 citations. Next come "FieldTrip: Open Source Software for Advanced Analysis of MEG, EEG, and Invasive Electrophysiological Data" (11,541) and "Nonparametric statistical testing of EEG- and MEG-data" (9,461).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 1,964 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis Arnaud Delorme, Scott Makeig · Journal of Neuroscience Methods 5 Feb 2004 25,692
2 FieldTrip: Open Source Software for Advanced Analysis of MEG, EEG, and Invasive Electrophysiological Data Robert Oostenveld, Pascal Henry Fries, Eric Maris et al. · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience Open access 23 Dec 2010 11,541
3 Nonparametric statistical testing of EEG- and MEG-data Eric Maris, Robert Oostenveld · Journal of Neuroscience Methods Open access 11 Apr 2007 9,461
4 The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks Michael David Fox, Abraham Z. Snyder, Justin L. Vincent et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open access 23 Jun 2005 8,956
5 Updating P300: An integrative theory of P3a and P3b John M Polich · Clinical Neurophysiology Open access 19 Jun 2007 8,109
6 Brain–computer interfaces for communication and control Jonathan R. Wolpaw, Niels Birbaumer, Dennis J. McFarland et al. · Clinical Neurophysiology Jun 2002 7,965
7 Event-related EEG/MEG synchronization and desynchronization: basic principles Gert Pfurtscheller, F.H. Lopes da Silva · Clinical Neurophysiology Nov 1999 7,262
8 EEG alpha and theta oscillations reflect cognitive and memory performance: a review and analysis Wolfgang Klimesch · Brain Research Reviews Apr 1999 7,054
9 Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex George Bush, George Bush, Phan Luu et al. · Trends in Cognitive Sciences Review Jun 2000 6,323
10 Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention. Walter Schneider, Richard M. Shiffrin · Psychological Review 1977 5,797
11 Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation Michael Andreas Nitsche, Walter Paulus · The Journal of Physiology Open access Sep 2000 5,776
12 Working memory: looking back and looking forward Alan Baddeley · Nature reviews. Neuroscience Review Oct 2003 5,262
13 A new method for off-line removal of ocular artifact Gabriele Gratton, MICHAEL G. H. COLES, Emanuel Donchin · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology Apr 1983 5,130
14 Power Spectrum Analysis of Heart Rate Fluctuation: A Quantitative Probe of Beat-to-Beat Cardiovascular Control S. Akselrod, David Gordon, F. Andrew Ubel et al. · Science 10 Jul 1981 5,110
15 DEAP: A Database for Emotion Analysis ;Using Physiological Signals Sander Koelstra, Christian Mühl, Mohammad Soleymani et al. · IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing Open access 17 Jun 2011 5,075
16 Reading Senseless Sentences: Brain Potentials Reflect Semantic Incongruity Marta Kutas, Steven A. Hillyard · Science 11 Jan 1980 4,982
17 Dynamic causal modelling Karl John Friston, Laura E. A. Harrison, W.D. Penny · NeuroImage 16 Jul 2003 4,788
18 EEGNet: a compact convolutional neural network for EEG-based brain–computer interfaces Vernon J Lawhern, Amelia J Solon, Nicholas R Waytowich et al. · Journal of Neural Engineering Open access 22 Jun 2018 4,722
19 NON-INVASIVE MAGNETIC STIMULATION OF HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX A.T. Barker, Reza Jalinous, Ian L. Freeston · The Lancet May 1985 4,512
20 An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future Trends Zibin Zheng, Shaoan Xie, Hong‐Ning Dai et al. Conference paper Jun 2017 4,391
21 Power spectral analysis of heart rate and arterial pressure variabilities as a marker of sympatho-vagal interaction in man and conscious dog. M. Pagani, Federico Lombardi, Stefano Guzzetti et al. · Circulation Research Open access Aug 1986 4,143
22 EEG alpha oscillations: The inhibition–timing hypothesis Wolfgang Klimesch, Paul Sauseng, Simon Hanslmayr · Brain Research Reviews 2 Aug 2006 4,126
23 Large-scale automated synthesis of human functional neuroimaging data Tal Yarkoni, Russell Alan Poldrack, Thomas E. Nichols et al. · Nature Methods Open access 26 Jun 2011 4,075
24 Measuring phase synchrony in brain signals Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Eugenio Rodríguez, Jacques M. Martinerie et al. · Human Brain Mapping Open access 1999 4,033
25 The neural basis of human error processing: Reinforcement learning, dopamine, and the error-related negativity. Clay B. Holroyd, MICHAEL G. H. COLES · Psychological Review Oct 2002 4,031
26 Heart rate variability: Origins, methods, and interpretive caveats Gary G. Berntson, J. Thomas Bigger, Dwain L. Eckberg et al. · Psychophysiology Open access Nov 1997 4,010
27 Brainstorm: A User-Friendly Application for MEG/EEG Analysis François Tadel, Sylvain Baillet, John C. Mosher et al. · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience Open access 2011 4,003
28 Deep learning with convolutional neural networks for EEG decoding and visualization Robin Tibor Schirrmeister, Jost Tobias Springenberg, Lukas D. J. Fiederer et al. · Human Brain Mapping Open access 7 Aug 2017 3,759
29 An Internal Model for Sensorimotor Integration Daniel M. Wolpert, Zoubin Ghahramani, Michael I. Jordan · Science 29 Sep 1995 3,653
30 Functional and Effective Connectivity: A Review Karl John Friston · Brain Connectivity 2011 3,596
31 Investigations into resting-state connectivity using independent component analysis Christian F. Beckmann, Marilena DeLuca, Joseph T. Devlin et al. · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences Open access 29 May 2005 3,524
32 Exploring the brain network: A review on resting-state fMRI functional connectivity Martijn P. van den Heuvel, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol · European Neuropsychopharmacology 17 May 2010 3,510
33 Shaping Functional Architecture by Oscillatory Alpha Activity: Gating by Inhibition Ole Jensen, Ali Mazaheri · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Open access 2010 3,509
34 A Fast Fixed-Point Algorithm for Independent Component Analysis Aapo Hyvärinen, Erkki Oja · Neural Computation Oct 1997 3,427
35 The polyvagal perspective Stephen W. Porges · Biological Psychology Open access 18 Oct 2006 3,403
36 Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia Leigh R. Hochberg, Mijail Demian Serruya, Gerhard M. Friehs et al. · Nature Jul 2006 3,353
37 On a confusion about a function of consciousness Ned Block · Behavioral and Brain Sciences Jun 1995 3,286
38 Tracking Whole-Brain Connectivity Dynamics in the Resting State Elena A. Allen, Eswar Damaraju, Sergey Plis et al. · Cerebral Cortex Open access 11 Nov 2012 3,278
39 Talking off the top of your head: toward a mental prosthesis utilizing event-related brain potentials Lawrence A. Farwell, Emanuel Donchin · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology Dec 1988 3,235
40 Removing electroencephalographic artifacts by blind source separation Tzyy‐Ping Jung, Scott Makeig, Colin Humphries et al. · Psychophysiology Mar 2000 3,229
41 Dynamic functional connectivity: Promise, issues, and interpretations R. Matthew Hutchison, Thilo Womelsdorf, Elena A. Allen et al. · NeuroImage Open access 23 May 2013 3,196
42 Cardiologist-level arrhythmia detection and classification in ambulatory electrocardiograms using a deep neural network Awni Hannun, Pranav Rajpurkar, Masoumeh Haghpanahi et al. · Nature Medicine Open access 5 Dec 2018 3,167
43 BCI2000: A General-Purpose Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) System Gerwin Schalk, Dennis J. McFarland, Thilo Hinterberger et al. · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 25 May 2004 3,080
44 A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation Graham V. Goddard, Dan McIntyre, Curtis K. Leech · Experimental Neurology Nov 1969 3,067
45 An Integrated Theory of the Mind. John R. Anderson, Daniel Bothell, Michael D. Byrne et al. · Psychological Review 2004 3,004
46 A Neural System for Error Detection and Compensation William J. Gehring, Brian Michael Goss, MICHAEL G. H. COLES et al. · Psychological Science Nov 1993 2,930
47 Low resolution electromagnetic tomography: a new method for localizing electrical activity in the brain Roberto Domingo Pascual-Marqui, Christoph Martin Michel, Dietrich Lehmann · International Journal of Psychophysiology Oct 1994 2,911
48 Functional-Anatomic Fractionation of the Brain's Default Network Jessica R. Andrews‐Hanna, Jay S. Reidler, Jorge Sepulcre et al. · Neuron Open access Feb 2010 2,911
49 Heart rate variability: a review U. Rajendra Acharya, K. Paul Joseph, N. Kannathal et al. · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 16 Nov 2006 2,846
50 High Gamma Power Is Phase-Locked to Theta Oscillations in Human Neocortex Ryan T. Canolty, E. Edwards, Sarang S. Dalal et al. · Science Open access 15 Sep 2006 2,800

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.