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Most cited papers in EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning

What are the most cited papers in EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning?

The most cited paper in EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning is "Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy" (Stefan Frazier, H. Douglas Brown, 2001), with 6,240 citations. Next come "THEORETICAL BASES OF COMMUNICATIVE APPROACHES TO SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHING AND TESTING" (5,011) and "The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning1" (4,905).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 940 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy Stefan Frazier, H. Douglas Brown · TESOL Quarterly 2001 6,240
2 THEORETICAL BASES OF COMMUNICATIVE APPROACHES TO SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHING AND TESTING Michael Canale, Merrill Swain · Applied Linguistics 1980 5,011
3 The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning1 R. W. SCHMIDT · Applied Linguistics Open access Jun 1990 4,905
4 The Psychology of the Language Learner: Individual Differences in Second Language Acquisition Zoltán Dörnyei 29 Jun 2005 4,119
5 A Cognitive Approach to Language Learning Paula Samper García, Peter Skehan · TESOL Quarterly 1999 3,524
6 Social Identity, Investment, and Language Learning Bonny Norton Peirce · TESOL Quarterly 1995 2,880
7 TASK-BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING Alison Mackey · Studies in Second Language Acquisition Sep 2004 2,871
8 Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversity in Education Nelson Flores, Jonathan Rosa · Harvard Educational Review Jun 2015 2,780
9 Critical period effects in second language learning: The influence of maturational state on the acquisition of English as a second language Jacqueline S. Johnson, Elissa L. Newport · Cognitive Psychology 1989 2,743
10 Teacher cognition in language teaching: A review of research on what language teachers think, know, believe, and do Simon Borg · Language Teaching Open access Apr 2003 2,542
11 The Child's Learning of English Morphology Jean Berko · WORD Open access Aug 1958 2,504
12 Effectiveness of L2 Instruction: A Research Synthesis and Quantitative Meta‐analysis John M. Norris, Lourdes Fernández de Ortega · Language Learning Open access Sep 2000 2,416
13 Understanding teacher identity: an overview of issues in the literature and implications for teacher education Catherine Beauchamp, Lynn L. Thomas · Cambridge Journal of Education 27 May 2009 2,384
14 CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK AND LEARNER UPTAKE Roy Lyster, Leila Ranta · Studies in Second Language Acquisition Mar 1997 2,260
15 FREQUENCY EFFECTS IN LANGUAGE PROCESSING Nick C. Ellis · Studies in Second Language Acquisition Open access Jun 2002 2,229
16 Translanguaging in the Bilingual Classroom: A Pedagogy for Learning and Teaching? Angela Creese, Adrian Blackledge · Modern Language Journal 3 Feb 2010 2,195
17 CULTURAL THOUGHT PATTERNS IN INTER‐CULTURAL EDUCATION Robert B. Kaplan · Language Learning 1966 2,076
18 Conceptualizing Willingness to Communicate in a L2: A Situational Model of L2 Confidence and Affiliation Peter D. MacIntyre, RICHARD CLÉMENT, Zoltán Dörnyei et al. · Modern Language Journal Open access Dec 1998 2,058
19 Second language research : Methodology and Design Alison Mackey, Susan M. Gass 2005 1,921
20 Motivation and Motivating in the Foreign Language Classroom Zoltán Dörnyei · Modern Language Journal Sep 1994 1,848
21 Moment Analysis and translanguaging space: Discursive construction of identities by multilingual Chinese youth in Britain Li Wei · Journal of Pragmatics 23 Sep 2010 1,848
22 Identity and Language Learning: Gender, Ethnicity and Educational Change Yoon-kyung Yim, Bonny Norton · TESOL Quarterly 2001 1,824
23 Context and culture in language teaching Rob Gibson · System Aug 1995 1,786
24 Second Language Teaching and Learning Ling Shi, David Nunan · TESOL Quarterly 2000 1,764
25 Motivational variables in second-language acquisition. R. C. Gardner, Wallace E. Lambert · Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Open access 1959 1,752
26 The Case Against Grammar Correction in L2 Writing Classes John Truscott · Language Learning Jun 1996 1,748
27 Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching Leo A. W. van Lier, Diane Larsen‐Freeman · TESOL Quarterly Mar 1987 1,745
28 Teaching and learning vocabulary Paul Nation · System May 1994 1,741
29 On Discourse, Communication, and (Some) Fundamental Concepts in SLA Research Alan Firth, Johannes Wagner · Modern Language Journal Sep 1997 1,724
30 The two faces of Janus? Anxiety and enjoyment in the foreign language classroom Jean‐Marc Dewaele, Peter D. MacIntyre · Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching Open access 2014 1,710
31 Interaction and Second Language Learning: Two Adolescent French Immersion Students Working Together Merrill Swain, Sharon Lapkin · Modern Language Journal Sep 1998 1,584
32 Going beyond the Native Speaker in Language Teaching Vivian Cook · TESOL Quarterly 1999 1,582
33 Language anxiety and achievement Elaine K. Horwitz · Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 2001 1,557
34 A Framework for the Implementation of Task-based Instruction Peter Skehan · Applied Linguistics Mar 1996 1,547
35 The Subtle Effects of Language Anxiety on Cognitive Processing in the Second Language Peter D. MacIntyre, R. C. Gardner · Language Learning Jun 1994 1,507
36 Language, Identity, and the Ownership of English Bonny Norton · TESOL Quarterly 1997 1,487
37 Codemeshing in Academic Writing: Identifying Teachable Strategies of Translanguaging Suresh Canagarajah · Modern Language Journal Sep 2011 1,468
38 Vocabulary in Language Teaching Laura L. Meyer, Norbert Schmitt · TESOL Quarterly 2002 1,446
39 THE ROBUSTNESS OF CRITICAL PERIOD EFFECTS IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION ROBERT M. DEKEYSER · Studies in Second Language Acquisition Open access Dec 2000 1,436
40 Understanding English as a Lingua Franca Cem Alptekin · ELT Journal 13 Mar 2012 1,427
41 Teaching and Researching Motivation Vera Busse · System 9 May 2011 1,415
42 Classroom discourse. The language of teaching and learning Wolfgang Lörscher · System 1990 1,410
43 Motivation in second and foreign language learning Zoltán Dörnyei · Language Teaching Open access Jul 1998 1,393
44 Problems in Output and the Cognitive Processes They Generate: A Step Towards Second Language Learning Merrill Swain, Sharon Lapkin · Applied Linguistics Sep 1995 1,388
45 Language and communication George Armitage Miller · David Fulton Publishers eBooks Book chapterOpen access 15 Apr 2013 1,373
46 Research Methods in Language Learning Zhihui Fang, David Nunan · TESOL Quarterly 1994 1,360
47 Native speaker/non-native speaker conversation and the negotiation of comprehensible input1 Michael H. Long · Applied Linguistics Feb 1983 1,349
48 SELF-EFFICACY BELIEFS, MOTIVATION, AND ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Frank Pajares · Reading & Writing Quarterly Apr 2003 1,334
49 Motivation: Reopening the Research Agenda Graham V. Crookes, Richard Schmidt · Language Learning Open access Dec 1991 1,326
50 ELAN: a Professional Framework for Multimodality Research Peter Wittenburg, Hennie Brugman, Albert Russel et al. Conference paperOpen access May 2006 1,315

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.