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Most cited papers in Empathy and Medical Education

What are the most cited papers in Empathy and Medical Education?

The most cited paper in Empathy and Medical Education is "The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine" (George L. Engel, 1977), with 12,645 citations. Next come "Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach." (9,786) and "Emotional Intelligence" (9,321).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 803 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine George L. Engel · Science 8 Apr 1977 12,645
2 Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Mark H. Davis · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1983 9,786
3 Emotional Intelligence Peter Salovey, John D. Mayer · Imagination Cognition and Personality Mar 1990 9,321
4 On death and dying. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross · PubMed Jun 1975 4,940
5 Shared Decision Making: A Model for Clinical Practice Glyn Jones Elwyn, Dominick L. Frosch, Richard Thomson et al. · Journal of General Internal Medicine Open access 22 May 2012 4,461
6 Empathy for Pain Involves the Affective but not Sensory Components of Pain Tania Singer, Ben Seymour, John P. O’Doherty et al. · Science Open access 19 Feb 2004 3,969
7 Chronic illness as biographical disruption Michael R. Bury · Sociology of Health & Illness Jul 1982 3,923
8 How the Mind Works Steven A. Pinker · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Jun 1999 3,758
9 Patient-centredness: a conceptual framework and review of the empirical literature Nicola Mead, Peter Bower · Social Science & Medicine Oct 2000 3,004
10 SANRA—a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles Christopher Baethge, Sandra Goldbeck-Wood, Stephan Mertens · Research Integrity and Peer Review ReviewOpen access 26 Mar 2019 2,934
11 The relation of empathy to prosocial and related behaviors. Nancy Eisenberg, Paul Anthony Miller · Psychological Bulletin 1987 2,559
12 Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites Kelly M. Hoffman, Sophie Trawalter, Jordan R. Axt et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open access 4 Apr 2016 2,486
13 Doctor-patient communication: A review of the literature L.M.L. Ong, Johanna C. J. M. de Haes, A. M. Hoos et al. · Social Science & Medicine Apr 1995 2,436
14 Decision-making in the physician–patient encounter: revisiting the shared treatment decision-making model Cathy A. Charles, Amiram Gafni, Timothy Joseph Whelan · Social Science & Medicine Sep 1999 2,370
15 Narrative Medicine Rita Charon · JAMA 17 Oct 2001 2,186
16 THE NATURE OF SUFFERING AND THE GOALS OF MEDICINE Eric J. Cassel · New England Journal of Medicine 18 Mar 1982 2,139
17 How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others Brian E. Neubauer, Catherine Witkop, Lara Varpio · Perspectives on Medical Education Open access 5 Apr 2019 2,101
18 Meta-analytic evidence for common and distinct neural networks associated with directly experienced pain and empathy for pain Claus Lamm, Jean Decety, Tania Singer · NeuroImage 13 Oct 2010 2,082
19 Assessing the Effects of Physician-Patient Interactions on the Outcomes of Chronic Disease Sherrie H. Kaplan, Sheldon Greenfield, John E. Ware · Medical Care Mar 1989 2,069
20 Deliberate Practice and Acquisition of Expert Performance: A General Overview K. Anders Ericsson · Academic Emergency Medicine 5 Sep 2008 1,818
21 Person-Centered Care — Ready for Prime Time Inger Ekman, Karl B Swedberg, Charles Taft et al. · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 23 Jul 2011 1,733
22 The hidden curriculum, ethics teaching, and the structure of medical education Frederic William Hafferty, Rita A. Franks · Academic Medicine Nov 1994 1,720
23 Empathy Decline and Its Reasons: A Systematic Review of Studies With Medical Students and Residents Melanie Neumann, Friedrich Edelhäuser, Diethard Tauschel et al. · Academic Medicine Review 11 Jun 2011 1,689
24 The Devil is in the Third Year: A Longitudinal Study of Erosion of Empathy in Medical School Mohammadreza Hojat, Michael J. Vergare, Kaye Maxwell et al. · Academic Medicine 22 Aug 2009 1,677
25 Association of an Educational Program in Mindful Communication With Burnout, Empathy, and Attitudes Among Primary Care Physicians Michael S. Krasner · JAMA 22 Sep 2009 1,666
26 ‘Discovering’ chronic illness: Using grounded theory Kathy Calkins Charmaz · Social Science & Medicine 1990 1,658
27 Empathy: A Review of the Concept Benjamin M. P. Cuff, Sarah J. L. Brown, Laura Marie Taylor et al. · Emotion Review Open access Dec 2014 1,648
28 Evaluating the contribution of interpretative phenomenological analysis Jonathan Ashley Smith · Health Psychology Review 4 Oct 2010 1,628
29 Development and validation of the Basic Empathy Scale Darrick Jolliffe, David P. Farrington · Journal of Adolescence 29 Sep 2005 1,620
30 Gender variations in clinical pain experience Anita M. Unruh · Pain May 1996 1,576
31 Biomedicalization: Technoscientific Transformations of Health, Illness, and U.S. Biomedicine Adele E. Clarke, Laura Mamo, Jennifer R. Fishman et al. · American Sociological Review Apr 2003 1,555
32 The Illness Narratives: Suffering, Healing and the Human Condition Andrew Edmund Slaby · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Nov 1988 1,554
33 The Biopsychosocial Model 25 Years Later: Principles, Practice, and Scientific Inquiry Francesc Borrell Carrió · The Annals of Family Medicine Open access Nov 2004 1,531
34 The Neural Substrate of Human Empathy: Effects of Perspective-taking and Cognitive Appraisal Claus Lamm, C. Daniel Batson, Jean Decety · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2007 1,476
35 Influence of context effects on health outcomes: a systematic review Zelda Di Blasi, Elaine F. Harkness, Edzard Ernst et al. · The Lancet Review Mar 2001 1,412
36 These Things Called Empathy: Eight Related but Distinct Phenomena C. Daniel Batson · The MIT Press eBooks Book chapter 20 Mar 2009 1,367
37 Physician Empathy: Definition, Components, Measurement, and Relationship to Gender and Specialty Mohammadreza Hojat, Joseph S. Gonnella, Thomas J. Nasca et al. · American Journal of Psychiatry 30 Aug 2002 1,336
38 Development of a Dental Anxiety Scale Norman L. Corah · Journal of Dental Research Jul 1969 1,310
39 Patient-Centered Medicine: Transforming the Clinical Method Moira Stewart, Judith Belle Brown, W. Wayne Weston et al. Mar 1995 1,298
40 The Body Appreciation Scale-2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation Tracy L. Tylka, Nichole L. Wood-Barcalow · Body Image 21 Oct 2014 1,295
41 Biological, clinical, and ethical advances of placebo effects Damien G. Finniss, Ted Jack Kaptchuk, Franklin G. Miller et al. · The Lancet Open access Feb 2010 1,284
42 Distress and Empathy: Two Qualitatively Distinct Vicarious Emotions with Different Motivational Consequences C. Daniel Batson, Jim Fultz, Patricia A. Schoenrade · Journal of Personality Mar 1987 1,270
43 How do we perceive the pain of others? A window into the neural processes involved in empathy Philip L. Jackson, Andrew N. Meltzoff, Jean Decety · NeuroImage 16 Nov 2004 1,264
44 The Roots of Empathy: The Shared Manifold Hypothesis and the Neural Basis of Intersubjectivity Vittorio Gallese · Psychopathology 2003 1,252
45 Empathy and compassion Tania Singer, Olga Klimecki · Current Biology Open access Sep 2014 1,242
46 Physiciansʼ Empathy and Clinical Outcomes for Diabetic Patients Mohammadreza Hojat, Daniel Z. Louis, Fred W. Markham et al. · Academic Medicine 20 Jan 2011 1,236
47 The Nature of Suffering and the Goals of Medicine Eric J. Cassell · Loss Grief & Care 1998 1,186
48 Age norms for impulsiveness, venturesomeness and empathy in adults Sybil B. G. Eysenck, Paul R. Pearson, G. Easting et al. · Personality and Individual Differences 1985 1,177
49 The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire: Scale Development and Initial Validation of a Factor-Analytic Solution to Multiple Empathy Measures R. Nathan Spreng, Margaret C. McKinnon, Raymond A. Mar et al. · Journal of Personality Assessment Open access 11 Dec 2008 1,171
50 Medical Student Distress: Causes, Consequences, and Proposed Solutions Liselotte N. Dyrbye, Matthew R. Thomas, Tait D. Shanafelt · Mayo Clinic Proceedings Dec 2005 1,155

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.