Most cited papers in Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques
What are the most cited papers in Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques?
The most cited paper in Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques is "Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition" (Yann LeCun, Léon Bottou, Yoshua Bengio et al., 1998), with 59,921 citations. Next come "Backpropagation Applied to Handwritten Zip Code Recognition" (12,102) and "Visual pattern recognition by moment invariants" (7,575).
Showing 50 of 99 papers. Every paper with more than 575 citations is listed.
| # | Paper | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition Yann LeCun, Léon Bottou, Yoshua Bengio et al. · Proceedings of the IEEE | 1998 | 59,921 |
| 2 | Backpropagation Applied to Handwritten Zip Code Recognition Yann LeCun, Bernhard E. Boser, J. S. Denker et al. · Neural Computation | Dec 1989 | 12,102 |
| 3 | Visual pattern recognition by moment invariants Ming-Kuei Hu · IRE Transactions on Information Theory | Feb 1962 | 7,575 |
| 4 | LSTM: A Search Space Odyssey Klaus Greff, Rupesh Kumar Srivastava, Jan Koutník et al. · IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems | 14 Jul 2016 | 7,047 |
| 5 | Statistical pattern recognition: a review Anil Kumar Jain, Peter Duin, Jianchang Mao · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | 2000 | 6,802 |
| 6 | The MNIST Database of Handwritten Digit Images for Machine Learning Research [Best of the Web] Li Deng · IEEE Signal Processing Magazine | 19 Oct 2012 | 4,878 |
| 7 | Reading digits in natural images with unsupervised feature learning Yuval Netzer | 2024 | 4,540 |
| 8 | Handwritten Digit Recognition with a Back-Propagation Network Yann LeCun, Bernhard E. Boser, John S. Denker et al. · neural information processing systems | 1989 | 3,631 |
| 9 | An End-to-End Trainable Neural Network for Image-Based Sequence Recognition and Its Application to Scene Text Recognition Baoguang Shi, Xiang Bai, Cong Yao · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | 29 Dec 2016 | 3,258 |
| 10 | Generating Sequences With Recurrent Neural Networks Loli Piccolomini, Elena, Gandolfi, Stefano, Poluzzi, Luca et al. · arXiv (Cornell University) | 4 Aug 2013 | 3,087 |
| 11 | Best practices for convolutional neural networks applied to visual document analysis P. Simard, Don C. Steinkraus, John C. Platt | 12 Apr 2005 | 2,843 |
| 12 | Unsupervised Learning of Visual Representations by Solving Jigsaw Puzzles Mehdi Noroozi, Paolo Favaro · Lecture notes in computer science | 2016 | 2,823 |
| 13 | Edge Boxes: Locating Object Proposals from Edges C. Lawrence Zitnick, Piotr Dollár · Lecture notes in computer science | 2014 | 2,774 |
| 14 | Minimum error rate training in statistical machine translation Franz Josef Och | 2003 | 2,767 |
| 15 | Online and off-line handwriting recognition: a comprehensive survey Réjean Plamondon, Sargur N. Srihari · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | 2000 | 2,506 |
| 16 | An Overview of the Tesseract OCR Engine Ray Winfield Smith · Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition | Sep 2007 | 2,380 |
| 17 | Adaptive document image binarization Jaakko J. Sauvola, Matti Pietikäinen · Pattern Recognition | Feb 2000 | 2,354 |
| 18 | A database for handwritten text recognition research Jonathan J. Hull · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | May 1994 | 2,324 |
| 19 | Methods of combining multiple classifiers and their applications to handwriting recognition Longchang Xu, Adam Krzyżak, Ching Y. Suen · IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics | 1992 | 2,190 |
| 20 | SIGNATURE VERIFICATION USING A “SIAMESE” TIME DELAY NEURAL NETWORK Jane M. Bromley, JAMES W. BENTZ, Léon Bottou et al. · International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence | Aug 1993 | 2,124 |
| 21 | Fingerprint image enhancement: algorithm and performance evaluation Hong Lin, Yifei Wan, Anil Kumar Jain · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | 1998 | 2,101 |
| 22 | A Novel Connectionist System for Unconstrained Handwriting Recognition Alexander Graves, Marcus Liwicki, S. George Fernandez et al. · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | 9 Mar 2009 | 2,026 |
| 23 | Large Margin Methods for Structured and Interdependent Output Variables Ioannis Tsochantaridis, Thorsten Joachims, Thomas Frank Hofmann et al. · MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) | Dec 2005 | 1,949 |
| 24 | EAST: An Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Detector Xinyu Zhou, Cong Yao, He Wen et al. | Jul 2017 | 1,854 |
| 25 | ICDAR 2015 competition on Robust Reading Dìmosthenis Karatzas, Lluís Gómez, Anguelos Nicolaou et al. | Aug 2015 | 1,627 |
| 26 | Object Recognition as Machine Translation: Learning a Lexicon for a Fixed Image Vocabulary Pınar Duygulu, Kobus Barnard, Jordan Freitas et al. · Lecture notes in computer science | 2002 | 1,619 |
| 27 | A technique for computer detection and correction of spelling errors Fred J. Damerau · Communications of the ACM | Mar 1964 | 1,595 |
| 28 | Synthetic Data for Text Localisation in Natural Images Ankush Gupta, Andrea Vedaldi, Andrew Zisserman | Jun 2016 | 1,555 |
| 29 | Detecting text in natural scenes with stroke width transform Boris Epshtein, Eyal Ofek, Yonatan Wexler | Jun 2010 | 1,522 |
| 30 | The IAM-database: an English sentence database for offline handwriting recognition Urs-Viktor Marti, Horst Bunke · International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) | Nov 2002 | 1,499 |
| 31 | ICDAR 2013 Robust Reading Competition Dìmosthenis Karatzas, Faisal Shafait, Seiichi Uchida et al. | Aug 2013 | 1,431 |
| 32 | Generative Adversarial Text to Image Synthesis Scott Reed, Zeynep Akata, Xinchen Yan et al. · arXiv (Cornell University) | 17 May 2016 | 1,429 |
| 33 | Parts of recognition Donald D. Hoffman, Whitman A. Richards · Cognition | Dec 1984 | 1,351 |
| 34 | Feature extraction methods for character recognition-A survey Øivind Due Trier, Anil Kumar Jain, Torfinn Taxt · Pattern Recognition | Apr 1996 | 1,264 |
| 35 | Reading Text in the Wild with Convolutional Neural Networks Max Jaderberg, Karen Simonyan, Andrea Vedaldi et al. · International Journal of Computer Vision | 6 May 2015 | 1,262 |
| 36 | Arbitrary-Oriented Scene Text Detection via Rotation Proposals Jianqi Ma, Weiyuan Shao, Hao Ye et al. · IEEE Transactions on Multimedia | 23 Mar 2018 | 1,260 |
| 37 | Snowball Eugene Agichtein, Luis Gravano | Jun 2000 | 1,172 |
| 38 | The German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark: A multi-class classification competition Johannes Stallkamp, Marc Schlipsing, Jan Salmen et al. | Jul 2011 | 1,162 |
| 39 | End-to-end scene text recognition Kai You Wang, Boris Babenko, Serge Belongie | Nov 2011 | 1,130 |
| 40 | On the Properties of Neural Machine Translation: Encoder-Decoder Approaches Kyunghyun Cho, Bart van Merriënboer, Dzmitry Bahdanau et al. · arXiv (Cornell University) | 3 Sep 2014 | 1,126 |
| 41 | Detecting Text in Natural Image with Connectionist Text Proposal Network Zhi Tian, Weilin Huang, Tong He et al. · Lecture notes in computer science | 2016 | 1,107 |
| 42 | Character Region Awareness for Text Detection Youngmin Baek, Bado Lee, Dongyoon Han et al. | Jun 2019 | 1,104 |
| 43 | Confluent Reductions: Abstract Properties and Applications to Term Rewriting Systems Gérard Huet · Journal of the ACM | Oct 1980 | 1,085 |
| 44 | Deep, Big, Simple Neural Nets for Handwritten Digit Recognition Dan Claudiu Cireşan, Ueli Meier, Luca Maria Gambardella et al. · Neural Computation | 21 Sep 2010 | 1,078 |
| 45 | A Normalized Levenshtein Distance Metric Yujian Li, Bo Liu · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | 25 Apr 2007 | 985 |
| 46 | ASTER: An Attentional Scene Text Recognizer with Flexible Rectification Baoguang Shi, Mingkun Yang, Xinggang Wang et al. · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | 25 Jun 2018 | 957 |
| 47 | Automatic signature verification and writer identification — the state of the art Réjean Plamondon, Guy Lorette · Pattern Recognition | 1989 | 945 |
| 48 | TextBoxes++: A Single-Shot Oriented Scene Text Detector Minghui Liao, Baoguang Shi, Xiang Bai · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing | 9 Apr 2018 | 943 |
| 49 | Efficient Iris Recognition by Characterizing Key Local Variations Longyu Ma, Tieniu Tan, Yunlong Wang et al. · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing | 13 May 2004 | 931 |
| 50 | Image understanding for iris biometrics: A survey Kevin W. Bowyer, Karen P. Hollingsworth, Patrick J. Flynn · Computer Vision and Image Understanding | 20 Nov 2007 | 908 |
Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.