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Most cited papers in Medical History and Research

What are the most cited papers in Medical History and Research?

The most cited paper in Medical History and Research is "Medicalization and Social Control" (Peter Conrad, 1992), with 1,745 citations. Next come "In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity" (1,072) and "Homosexuality and American Psychiatry: The Politics of Diagnosis." (608).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 123 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 Medicalization and Social Control Peter Conrad · Annual Review of Sociology Aug 1992 1,745
2 In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity Charles E. Rosenberg, Daniel J. Kevles · Journal of American History Jun 1986 1,072
3 Homosexuality and American Psychiatry: The Politics of Diagnosis. Joseph W. Schneider, Ronald Bayer · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews Mar 1982 608
4 Tribute to Patrick Steptoe: beginnings of laparoscopy R. G. Edwards · Human Reproduction Nov 1989 559
5 THE LIFE HISTORY CALENDAR: A RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR COLLECTING RETROSPECTIVE EVENT‐HISTORY DATA Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt, Arland Thornton et al. · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research Jul 1996 544
6 Rosen's Breast Pathology Pedro J. Grases · Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología 2002 499
7 The Incubator and the Medical Discovery of the Premature Infant Jeffrey P. Baker · Journal of Perinatology Jul 2000 479
8 Informed consent in human experimentation before the Nuremberg code Jochen Vollmann, Rolf Winau · BMJ Open access 7 Dec 1996 452
9 A Tale of Two Experts: Thalidomide and Political Engagement in the United States and West Germany Arthur A. Daemmrich · Social History of Medicine Apr 2002 427
10 Post traumatic stress disorder: DSM-IV and beyond Gillian Mezey · Journal of Psychosomatic Research Oct 1993 423
11 Ignaz Semmelweis, Carl Mayrhofer, and the rise of germ theory K Codell Carter · Medical History Open access 1985 417
12 Dr Carl Credé (1819–1892) and the prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum Peter M Dunn · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal Open access Sep 2000 410
13 Philipp Bozzini (1773–1809) and the Lichtleiter Peter Rathert, Wolfgang Lutzeyer, Willard E. Goddwin · Urology 1974 408
14 Antoine van Leeuwenhoek and the discovery of sperm Stuart S. Howards · Fertility and Sterility Open access 1997 405
15 Werner and Ingbar's The Thyroid Donald A. Meier · Clinical Nuclear Medicine Oct 1997 401
16 Beyond the Trendelenburg position: Friedrich Trendelenburg's life and surgical contributions Adam M. Bernstein, Harry P. Koo, David Adam Bloom · Surgery Open access Jul 1999 398
17 A Pioneer in Laparoscopy and Pelviscopy: Kurt Semm (1927–2003) Friedrich Moll, Frank Marx · Journal of Endourology Apr 2005 390
18 V. Dr. Walter Schiller John G. Gruhn, Lawrence Max Roth · International Journal of Gynecological Pathology Oct 1998 386
19 HISTORY OF COLPOSCOPY IN THE UNITED STATES José E. Torres, Mary Ann Riopelle · Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America Mar 1993 386
20 Obstetrical-gynecological eponyms: Fritz Brenner and Brenner tumors of the ovary Harold Speert · Cancer Open access Mar 1956 384
21 Franz Kaspar Hesselbach (1759–1816): Anatomist and Surgeon Richard Shane Tubbs, Walter B. Gribben, Marios Loukas et al. · World Journal of Surgery 29 Aug 2008 382
22 Dr Christian Kielland of Oslo (1871–1941) and his straight forceps Peter M Dunn · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal Open access 20 Aug 2004 381
23 Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to the Present Marius Turda · Social History of Medicine 9 Oct 2007 380
24 Jewish gynecologists in Germany in the first half of the twentieth century Udo Rudloff, Hans Christoph Ludwig · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 6 Aug 2005 379
25 Obstetrical-Gynecological eponyms: Ernst Wertheim and his operation for uterine cancer Harold Speert · Cancer Open access Sep 1956 379
26 Franz Kaspar Hasselbach (1759–1816) Akhilesh Kumar Agarwal, Ramanuj Mukherjee · Indian Journal of Surgery Open access Apr 2008 378
27 Dr. Ibis and the Artists:A Sidelight upon Hunter's Atlas, The Gravid Uterus Betsy Copping Corner · Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 1951 377
28 James Marion Sims and the Rise of Gynaecological Surgery Stephen C. Kenny, John L. Ward, Charles S Bryan · Journal of Medical Biography Nov 1999 376
29 Konstantinos Logothetopoulos (1878–1961): the controversial life of an eminent gynaecologist Christos R Iavazzo, Ioannis D. Gkegkes, Xanthi-Ekaterini D. Gkegke et al. · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 19 Feb 2015 375
30 Obstetrical-gynecological eponyms: Friedrich Krukenberg and ovarian tumors Harold Speert · Cancer 1955 374
31 Gustav Adolf Michaelis (1798–1848) K. N. Grigorieva · Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproduction Open access 16 Jan 2020 373
32 Powellʼs Pearls: Heinrich Martius, MD (1885–1965) John L. Powell · Journal of Pelvic Medicine and Surgery May 2009 372
33 Anthropologie. Handbuch der vergleichenden biologie des menschen A.Brigitte Demes · Journal of Human Evolution Apr 1991 366
34 COMPARISON OF FREE AND FAST SPEED WALKING PATTERNS OF NORMAL MEN M. PAT MURRAY, Ross C. Kory, B.H. Clarkson et al. · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Feb 1966 355
35 STERILIZED in the Name of Public Health Alexandra Minna Stern · American Journal of Public Health Open access 28 Jun 2005 348
36 Giovanni Domenico Santorini (1681-1737) Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers (1808-1872) First Description of Urosurgically Relevant Structures in the Small Pelvis H. Dietrich · European Urology 1997 344
37 The 100th Anniversary of Tubal Sterilization Alvin M. Siegler, Amos N. Grunebaum · Fertility and Sterility Open access Dec 1980 339
38 Cultural Locations of Disability Sharon L. Snyder, David Mitchell · Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research Open access 14 May 2007 327
39 The Contributions of Paul Ehrlich to Pharmacology: A Tribute on the Occasion of the Centenary of His Nobel Prize Fèlix Bosch, Laia Rosich · Pharmacology Open access 2008 285
40 Delusional Infestation Roland W. Freudenmann, Peter Lepping · Clinical Microbiology Reviews Open access Oct 2009 282
41 The Nuremberg Code and the Nuremberg Trial Jay Katz · JAMA 27 Nov 1996 268
42 Teratology-principles and techniques L. Oberthur Johnson · Metabolism Jun 1965 261
43 The Saga of Thalidomide Gilbert W. Mellin, Michael Katzenstein · New England Journal of Medicine 6 Dec 1962 252
44 History of Gynecological Pathology Lawrence Max Roth, Richard J. Reed · International Journal of Gynecological Pathology 1997 250
45 Relapse Prevention with Sexual Aggressors William D. Pithers Book chapter 1990 228
46 Eugenics: Hereditarian Attitudes in American Thought, by Mark H. Haller Theodosius Dobzhansky · Political Science Quarterly Dec 1964 223
47 The Origins of Informed Consent: The International Scientific Commission on Medical War Crimes, and the Nuremberg Code Paul Julian Weindling · Bulletin of the history of medicine Mar 2001 217
48 Epigenetic life: biological plasticity, abnormality, and new configurations of race and reproduction Becky Mansfield, Julie Guthman · Cultural Geographies Open access 3 Nov 2014 211
49 The Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor, 1910-1940: An Essay in Institutional History Garland E. Allen · Osiris 1986 210
50 Die schizophrenen Geistesstorungen im Lichte langjahriger Kranken- und Familiengeschichten, by Manfred Bleuler* Gerd C. Teschke · Schizophrenia Bulletin Open access 1978 207

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.