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Most cited papers in Science, Research, and Medicine

What are the most cited papers in Science, Research, and Medicine?

The most cited paper in Science, Research, and Medicine is "THE JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE" (Diane M. Reddy, Sheldon A. Wasserman, 1999), with 2,517 citations. Next come "Growing points in ethology" (2,327) and "Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology" (1,881).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 203 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 THE JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE Diane M. Reddy, Sheldon A. Wasserman · AJN American Journal of Nursing 1999 2,517
2 Growing points in ethology Stephen J. Hutt · Animal Behaviour Aug 1977 2,327
3 Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology G.G. Lunt · Neurochemistry International 1986 1,881
4 Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies Janine A. Clayton, Francis S. Collins · Nature Open access May 2014 1,871
5 Anticipation: Technoscience, life, affect, temporality Vincanne Adams, Michelle Murphy, Adele E. Clarke · Subjectivity Open access Sep 2009 1,076
6 Chemistry: Chemical con artists foil drug discovery Jonathan B. Baell, Michael A. Walters · Nature 22 Sep 2014 1,075
7 Quantum chemistry program exchange Donald B. Boyd · Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems Mar 1987 1,068
8 Vitamin C Enhances the Generation of Mouse and Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Miguel Angel Esteban et al. · Cell stem cell Open access 2010 980
9 Lost in translation: animal models and clinical trials in cancer treatment. Isabella W.Y. Mak, Nathan Evaniew, Michelle A. Ghert · PubMed Open access 2014 975
10 Increased cell division as a cause of human cancer. Susan Preston‐Martin, MC Pike, R K Ross et al. · PubMed Dec 1990 906
11 The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine George L. Engel · Psychodynamic Psychiatry Sep 2012 893
12 Bcl-2/Bax: a rheostat that regulates an anti-oxidant pathway and cell death. Stanley J. Korsmeyer, John R. Shutter, Deborah J. Veis et al. · PubMed Dec 1993 874
13 Executive summary: stages of reproductive aging workshop (STRAW) Michael R. Soules, Sherry Sherman, Estella C. Parrott et al. · Fertility and Sterility Open access Nov 2001 763
14 Angiotensin II induces smooth muscle cell proliferation in the normal and injured rat arterial wall. Mat J.A.P. Daemen, Donna M. Lombardi, Fred T. Bosman et al. · Circulation Research Open access Feb 1991 743
15 2002 international ethical guidelines for biomedical research involving human subjects Sue Eckstein · Cambridge University Press eBooks Book chapter 20 Feb 2003 679
16 Toxicology for the twenty-first century Thomas Härtung · Nature Jul 2009 663
17 P4 Medicine: How Systems Medicine Will Transform the Healthcare Sector and Society Mauricio Flores, Gustavo Glusman, Kristin Brogaard et al. · Personalized Medicine Open access Aug 2013 635
18 DNA transformation. Craig C. Mello, Andrew Z. Fire · PubMed 1995 624
19 Challenge of portable power Bruno Scrosati · Nature Feb 1995 618
20 Molecular Docking: Challenges, Advances and its Use in Drug Discovery Perspective Surovi Saikia, Manobjyoti Bordoloi · Current Drug Targets 25 Oct 2018 583
21 Sex and gender differences and biases in artificial intelligence for biomedicine and healthcare Davide Cirillo, Silvina Catuara‐Solarz, Czuee Morey et al. · npj Digital Medicine Open access Jun 2020 550
22 TELOMERASES Elizabeth Helen Blackburn · Annual Review of Biochemistry Jun 1992 542
23 Weapons of math destruction Thomas S. Woodson · Journal of Responsible Innovation Open access Aug 2018 514
24 The logic of strategic ignorance Linsey McGoey · British Journal of Sociology Sep 2012 505
25 Discrimination as a consequence of genetic testing. Paul R. Billings, Melvin A. Kohn, Margaret de Cuevas et al. · PubMed Mar 1992 487
26 Genetic errors, cell proliferation, and carcinogenesis. Samuel M. Cohen, Leon B. Ellwein · PubMed 15 Dec 1991 478
27 Pharmaceutical innovation by the seven UK‐owned pharmaceutical companies (1964‐1985). RA Prentis, Yvonne Lis, SR Walker · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Open access Mar 1988 473
28 Dose-Dependent Alterations in Androgen-Regulated Male Reproductive Development in Rats Exposed to Di(n-butyl) Phthalate during Late Gestation Eve Mylchreest · Toxicological Sciences May 2000 453
29 Chemical and physical carcinogenesis: advances and perspectives for the 1990s. C C Harris · PubMed 15 Sep 1991 434
30 The empathy cycle: Refinement of a nuclear concept. Godfrey T. Barrett‐Lennard · Journal of Counseling Psychology 1981 426
31 THE GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE OF TISSUE–CELL CULTURES IN FREE GAS EXCHANGE WITH THE ATMOSPHERE1 Albert Leibovitz · American Journal of Epidemiology Sep 1963 424
32 The Conduct of Inquiry in International Relations: Philosophy of Science and its Implications for the Study of World Politics Kristin M. Haugevik · Forum for Development Studies Jun 2011 424
33 Peto's Paradox: evolution's prescription for cancer prevention Aleah F. Caulin, Carlo C. Maley · Trends in Ecology & Evolution ReviewOpen access 7 Feb 2011 405
34 Cancer and cure: A critical analysis Partha Sarathi Roy, Bedangshu Saikia · Indian Journal of Cancer 2016 402
35 The Continuing Growth of Global Cooperation Networks in Research: A Conundrum for National Governments Caroline S. Wagner, Han Woo Park, Loet Leydesdorff · PLoS ONE Open access 21 Jul 2015 388
36 Selling Stem Cells in the USA: Assessing the Direct-to-Consumer Industry Leigh G. Turner, Paul S. Knoepfler · Cell stem cell Open access 2 Jul 2016 383
37 Maturation arrest of stem cell differentiation is a common pathway for the cellular origin of teratocarcinomas and epithelial cancers. Stewart Sell, G. Barry Pierce · PubMed 1994 381
38 Sex as a Biological Variable: A 5-Year Progress Report and Call to Action Matthew E. Arnegard, Lori A. Whitten, Chyren Hunter et al. · Journal of Women s Health Open access 23 Jan 2020 372
39 Cancer as a disease of old age: changing mutational and microenvironmental landscapes Ezio Laconi, Fabio Marongiu, James V. DeGregori · British Journal of Cancer Open access 11 Feb 2020 356
40 A mutator phenotype in cancer. Lawrence A. Loeb · PubMed 15 Apr 2001 352
41 Impossible possible worlds vindicated Jaakko Hintikka · Journal of Philosophical Logic Nov 1975 344
42 Alzheimer’s disease Richard Hodson · Nature Open access 24 Jul 2018 339
43 The 'rule of three' for fragment-based drug discovery: where are we now? Harren Jhoti, Glyn Williams, David C. Rees et al. · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 12 Jul 2013 337
44 The individual strikes back Simon Blackburn · Synthese Mar 1984 336
45 Growing New Organs David J. Mooney, Antonios G. Mikos · Scientific American Apr 1999 331
46 The origins of human cancer: molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and their implications for cancer prevention and treatment--twenty-seventh G.H.A. Clowes memorial award lecture. I. Bernard Weinstein · PubMed Aug 1988 324
47 Progress in cancer research and therapy Arthur L. Frank · Environmental Research Feb 1978 310
48 Estimates of ozone depletion and skin cancer incidence to examine the Vienna Convention achievements Harry Slaper, Guus J. M. Velders, J. S. Daniel et al. · Nature Nov 1996 309
49 QUINOENZYMES IN BIOLOGY Judith Pollock Klinman, David Mu · Annual Review of Biochemistry Jun 1994 308
50 Genital Tumors among Men with Psoriasis Exposed to Psoralens and Ultraviolet A Radiation (PUVA) and Ultraviolet B Radiation Robert S. Stern, Members of the Photochemotherapy Follow-up Study* · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 19 Apr 1990 307

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.