Topic · Spatial Cognition and Navigation
Most cited papers in Spatial Cognition and Navigation
What are the most cited papers in Spatial Cognition and Navigation?
The most cited paper in Spatial Cognition and Navigation is "Validity of the Trail Making Test as an Indicator of Organic Brain Damage" (Ralph M. Reitan, 1958), with 7,715 citations. Next come "Measuring Presence in Virtual Environments: A Presence Questionnaire" (6,358) and "Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects" (6,316).
Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 712 citations is listed.
| # | Paper | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Validity of the Trail Making Test as an Indicator of Organic Brain Damage Ralph M. Reitan · Perceptual and Motor Skills | Dec 1958 | 7,715 |
| 2 | Measuring Presence in Virtual Environments: A Presence Questionnaire Bob G. Witmer, Michael Jay Singer · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality | Jun 1998 | 6,358 |
| 3 | Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects Roger N. Shepard, Jacqueline Metzler · Science | 19 Feb 1971 | 6,316 |
| 4 | Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design John Sweller, Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer, FRED G. W. C. PAAS · Educational Psychology Review | Sep 1998 | 5,786 |
| 5 | Closed-form solution of absolute orientation using unit quaternions Berthold K. P. Horn · Journal of the Optical Society of America A | Apr 1987 | 4,165 |
| 6 | Navigation-related structural change in the hippocampi of taxi drivers Eleanor A. Maguire, David G. Gadian, Ingrid S. Johnsrude et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 14 Mar 2000 | 3,277 |
| 7 | Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self Harold M. Proshansky, Abbe K. Fabian, Robert Kaminoff · Journal of Environmental Psychology | Mar 1983 | 3,111 |
| 8 | A Framework for Immersive Virtual Environments (FIVE): Speculations on the Role of Presence in Virtual Environments Mel Slater, Sylvia Wilbur · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality | Dec 1997 | 3,013 |
| 9 | Emergence and Characterization of Sex Differences in Spatial Ability: A Meta-Analysis Marcia C. Linn, Anne C. Petersen · Child Development | Dec 1985 | 2,996 |
| 10 | Magnitude of sex differences in spatial abilities: A meta-analysis and consideration of critical variables. Daniel Voyer, Susan D. Voyer, M. Philip Bryden · Psychological Bulletin | Mar 1995 | 2,804 |
| 11 | Mental Rotations, a Group Test of Three-Dimensional Spatial Visualization Steven G. Vandenberg, Allan R. Kuse · Perceptual and Motor Skills | Dec 1978 | 2,648 |
| 12 | The mental representation of parity and number magnitude. Stanislas Dehaene, Serge Bossini, Pascal Giraux · Journal of Experimental Psychology General | Sep 1993 | 2,583 |
| 13 | The Experience of Presence: Factor Analytic Insights Thomas W. Schubert, Frank Friedmann, Holger T. Regenbrecht · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality | Jun 2001 | 2,293 |
| 14 | Feature analysis in early vision: Evidence from search asymmetries. Anne Treisman, Stephen Gormican · Psychological Review | 1988 | 2,240 |
| 15 | Aesthetic and Affective Response to Natural Environment Roger S. Ulrich | 1983 | 2,102 |
| 16 | The malleability of spatial skills: A meta-analysis of training studies. David H. Uttal, Nathaniel G. Meadow, Elizabeth Tipton et al. · Psychological Bulletin | 5 Jun 2012 | 1,903 |
| 17 | Spatial ability for STEM domains: Aligning over 50 years of cumulative psychological knowledge solidifies its importance. Jonathan M. Wai, David Lubinski, Camilla Persson Benbow · Journal of Educational Psychology | Nov 2009 | 1,859 |
| 18 | The Development of Spatial Representations of Large-Scale Environments Alexander W. Siegel, Sheldon H. White · Advances in child development and behavior | 1975 | 1,840 |
| 19 | Eye fixations and cognitive processes Marcel Adam Just, Patricia A. Carpenter · Cognitive Psychology | Oct 1976 | 1,733 |
| 20 | Gender differences in mathematics performance: A meta-analysis. Janet Shibley Hyde, Elizabeth H. Fennema, Susan J. Lamon · Psychological Bulletin | 1990 | 1,661 |
| 21 | A theory of cognitive development: The control and construction of hierarchies of skills. Kurt W. Fischer · Psychological Review | Nov 1980 | 1,623 |
| 22 | Cognitive reference points Eleanor H. Rosch · Cognitive Psychology | Oct 1975 | 1,443 |
| 23 | Origins of knowledge. Elizabeth S. Spelke, Karen Breinlinger, Janet Macomber et al. · Psychological Review | 1992 | 1,401 |
| 24 | Outdoor Activity Reduces the Prevalence of Myopia in Children Kathryn Ailsa Rose, Ian George Morgan, Jenny M. Ip et al. · Ophthalmology | 22 Feb 2008 | 1,363 |
| 25 | Knowing Where and Getting There: A Human Navigation Network Eleanor A. Maguire, Neil Burgess, James G. Donnett et al. · Science | 8 May 1998 | 1,343 |
| 26 | Principles of Object Perception Elizabeth S. Spelke · Cognitive Science | 1990 | 1,255 |
| 27 | A description of the affective quality attributed to environments. James A. Russell, Geraldine Pratt · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology | Feb 1980 | 1,247 |
| 28 | Human spatial abilities: Psychometric studies and environmental, genetic, hormonal, and neurological influences. Mark G. McGee · Psychological Bulletin | 1979 | 1,231 |
| 29 | Arguments concerning representations for mental imagery. John R. Anderson · Psychological Review | Jul 1978 | 1,219 |
| 30 | Music and spatial task performance Frances H. Rauscher, Gordon L. Shaw, Catherine N. Ky · Nature | Oct 1993 | 1,218 |
| 31 | Time in the mind: Using space to think about time Daniel J. Casasanto, Lera Boroditsky · Cognition | 17 May 2007 | 1,197 |
| 32 | Differences in spatial knowledge acquired from maps and navigation Perry W. Thorndyke, Barbara Hayes‐Roth · Cognitive Psychology | Oct 1982 | 1,176 |
| 33 | Impact of an augmented reality system on students' motivation for a visual art course Ángela Di Serio, María Blanca Ibáñez, Carlos Delgado Kloos · Computers & Education | 17 Mar 2012 | 1,167 |
| 34 | Playing an Action Video Game Reduces Gender Differences in Spatial Cognition Jing Feng, Ian Spence, Jay Pratt · Psychological Science | 24 Sep 2007 | 1,162 |
| 35 | QuickTime VR Shenchang Eric Chen | 1995 | 1,158 |
| 36 | The capacity for joint visual attention in the infant Mike Scaife, Jerome S. Bruner · Nature | 1975 | 1,154 |
| 37 | For whom is a picture worth a thousand words? Extensions of a dual-coding theory of multimedia learning. Richard E. Mayer, Valerie K. Sims · Journal of Educational Psychology | Sep 1994 | 1,138 |
| 38 | Perceptual causality and animacy Brian J. Scholl, Patrice Dolhonde Tremoulet · Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Aug 2000 | 1,132 |
| 39 | Children's Understanding of Representational Change and Its Relation to the Understanding of False Belief and the Appearance-Reality Distinction Alison Gopnik, Janet Wilde Astington · Child Development | Feb 1988 | 1,127 |
| 40 | Augmented Reality in Education and Training Kangdon Lee · TechTrends | 7 Feb 2012 | 1,113 |
| 41 | Effect of Time Spent Outdoors at School on the Development of Myopia Among Children in China Mingguang He, Fan Xiang, Yangfa Zeng et al. · JAMA | 15 Sep 2015 | 1,104 |
| 42 | Remembering the past and imagining the future: A neural model of spatial memory and imagery. Patrick Byrne, Suzanna Becker, Neil Burgess · Psychological Review | Apr 2007 | 1,066 |
| 43 | A Redrawn Vandenberg and Kuse Mental Rotations Test - Different Versions and Factors That Affect Performance Michael Peters, Bruno Laeng, Keziah Latham et al. · Brain and Cognition | Jun 1995 | 1,066 |
| 44 | The central fixation bias in scene viewing: Selecting an optimal viewing position independently of motor biases and image feature distributions Benjamin W. Tatler · Journal of Vision | 19 Nov 2007 | 1,057 |
| 45 | Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs* David C. McClelland · The Journal of Creative Behavior | Sep 1987 | 1,047 |
| 46 | Development of a self-report measure of environmental spatial ability Mary Hegarty · Intelligence | 9 Sep 2002 | 1,042 |
| 47 | “What” and “where” in spatial language and spatial cognition Barbara Landau, Ray S. Jackendoff · Behavioral and Brain Sciences | Jun 1993 | 1,037 |
| 48 | The Corsi Block-Tapping Task: Standardization and Normative Data Roy P.C. Kessels, M.J.E. van Zandvoort, Albert Postma et al. · Applied Neuropsychology | Dec 2000 | 1,037 |
| 49 | Clock Drawing in Alzheimer's Disease Trey Sunderland, James Hill, Alan M. Mellow et al. · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | Aug 1989 | 1,035 |
| 50 | The effects of video game playing on attention, memory, and executive control Walter R. Boot, Arthur F. Kramer, Daniel J. Simons et al. · Acta Psychologica | 17 Oct 2008 | 1,005 |
Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.