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Most cited papers in Social Sciences

What are the most cited papers in Social Sciences?

The most cited paper in Social Sciences is "Using thematic analysis in psychology" (Virginia Braun, Victoria Clarke, 2006), with 193,920 citations. Next come "Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing" (112,351) and "Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives" (108,782).

Showing 50 of 94 papers. Every paper with more than 23,051 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 Using thematic analysis in psychology Virginia Braun, Victoria Clarke · Qualitative Research in Psychology Open access 2006 193,920
2 Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing Yoav Benjamini, Yosef Hochberg · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) 1995 112,351
3 Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives Li‐tze Hu, Peter M. Bentler · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal 1999 108,782
4 The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews Matthew James Page et al. · BMJ ReviewOpen access 29 Mar 2021 105,915
5 Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4 Douglas M. Bates, Martin Mächler, Benjamin M. Bolker et al. · Journal of Statistical Software Open access 2015 89,183
6 Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries Freddie Bray, Jacques Ferlay, Isabelle Soerjomataram et al. · CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Open access 12 Sep 2018 88,280
7 The theory of planned behavior Icek Ajzen · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes Dec 1991 87,913
8 Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization Diederik P. Kingma, Jimmy Lei Ba · arXiv (Cornell University) PreprintOpen access 22 Dec 2014 84,625
9 Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement David Moher, Alessandro Liberati, Jennifer Tetzlaff et al. · BMJ ReviewOpen access 21 Jul 2009 83,711
10 Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Philip M. Podsakoff, SCOTT B. MACKENZIE, Jeong Yeon Lee et al. · Journal of Applied Psychology 2003 80,679
11 The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Reuben M. Baron, David A. Kenny · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1986 72,222
12 Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure Michael C. Jensen, William H. Meckling · Journal of Financial Economics Oct 1976 72,158
13 Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error Claes Fornell, David F. Larcker · Journal of Marketing Research Feb 1981 71,613
14 Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology Fred D. Davis · MIS Quarterly Sep 1989 67,727
15 G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences Franz Faul, Edgar Erdfelder, Albert-Georg Lang et al. · Behavior Research Methods Open access May 2007 66,357
16 Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses Julian P. T. Higgins, Simon G. Thompson, Jonathan J Deeks et al. · BMJ Open access 4 Sep 2003 64,184
17 Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test Matthias Egger, George Davey Smith, Martin Schneider et al. · BMJ Open access 13 Sep 1997 57,774
18 UCSF Chimera—A visualization system for exploratory research and analysis Eric F. Pettersen, Thomas D. Goddard, Conrad C. Huang et al. · Journal of Computational Chemistry Jul 2004 48,801
19 STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT J Martin Bland, DouglasG. Altman · The Lancet Feb 1986 48,188
20 Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage Jay Bryan Barney · Journal of Management Open access Mar 1991 47,651
21 The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale A. S. Zigmond, R Philip Snaith · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Jun 1983 47,341
22 The PHQ-9 Kurt Kroenke, Robert L. Spitzer, Janet B. W. Williams · Journal of General Internal Medicine Open access Sep 2001 45,744
23 Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis Hsiu-Fang Hsieh, Sarah Elizabeth Shannon · Qualitative Health Research 4 Oct 2005 45,237
24 User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward A Unified View1 Viswanath Venkatesh, Michael G. Morris, Gordon B. Davis et al. · MIS Quarterly Sep 2003 44,647
25 Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests Lee J. Cronbach · Psychometrika Open access Sep 1951 44,025
26 Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups Allison Tong, Peter Sainsbury, Jonathan C. Craig · International Journal for Quality in Health Care Open access 14 Sep 2007 43,999
27 PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation Andrea C. Tricco et al. · Annals of Internal Medicine Open access 3 Sep 2018 43,960
28 A power primer. Jacob Cohen · Psychological Bulletin 1992 42,833
29 A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales Jacob Cohen · Educational and Psychological Measurement Apr 1960 42,415
30 Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control Albert Bandura, Wendy Freeman, Richard Lightsey · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 1999 40,874
31 Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. James C. Anderson, David W. Gerbing · Psychological Bulletin May 1988 40,395
32 SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python Pauli Virtanen et al. · Nature Methods Open access112 authors 3 Feb 2020 40,161
33 Meta-analysis in clinical trials Rebecca DerSimonian, Nan M. Laird · Controlled Clinical Trials Sep 1986 40,073
34 Case Study Research: Design and Methods Harris Chaiklin · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Feb 1991 39,932
35 Regression Models and Life-Tables D. R. Cox · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) 1972 39,869
36 The Discovery of Grounded Theory; Strategies for Qualitative Research Barney G. Glaser, Anselm L. Strauss, Elizabeth Strutzel · Nursing Research Jul 1968 39,410
37 The Strength of Weak Ties Mark S. Granovetter · American Journal of Sociology May 1973 39,087
38 An Inventory for Measuring Depression Aaron T. Beck · Archives of General Psychiatry Jun 1961 38,441
39 The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields Paul DiMaggio, Walter W. Powell · American Sociological Review Apr 1983 37,882
40 Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Peter A. Lachenbruch, Jacob Cohen · Journal of the American Statistical Association Dec 1989 37,611
41 Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis Julian P. T. Higgins, Simon G. Thompson · Statistics in Medicine 21 May 2002 37,545
42 Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework Hilary Arksey, Lisa O’Malley · International Journal of Social Research Methodology Open access Feb 2005 37,445
43 A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling Jörg Henseler, Christian M. Ringle, Marko Sarstedt · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science Open access 21 Aug 2014 37,002
44 Emergence of Scaling in Random Networks Albert-Ĺaszló Barabási, Réka Albert · Science Open access 15 Oct 1999 36,811
45 Naturalistic inquiry Yvonna S. Lincoln, Egon G. Guba, Joseph J. Pilotta · International Journal of Intercultural Relations 1985 36,480
46 Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling Rex B. Kline 27 May 1998 36,227
47 The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research Daniel J. Buysse, Charles F. Reynolds, T. H. Monk et al. · Psychiatry Research May 1989 35,692
48 Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Albert Bandura · Psychological Review 1977 35,570
49 Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation Wesley M. Cohen, Daniel A. Levinthal · Administrative Science Quarterly Mar 1990 35,497
50 Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences Henri Guitton, Sidney Siegel · Revue économique Jul 1958 35,478

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.