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Most cited papers from Northwestern University

What are the most cited papers from Northwestern University?

The most cited paper from Northwestern University is "Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error" (Claes Fornell, David F. Larcker, 1981), with 61,338 citations. Next come "Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach." (40,395) and "The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging‐Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease" (19,132).

Showing 50 of 59 papers. Every paper with more than 5,243 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error Claes Fornell, David F. Larcker · Journal of Marketing Research Feb 1981 61,338
2 Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. James C. Anderson, David W. Gerbing · Psychological Bulletin May 1988 40,395
3 The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging‐Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease Guy M. McKhann, David S. Knopman, Howard Mark Chertkow et al. · Alzheimer s & Dementia Open access 22 Apr 2011 19,132
4 Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm Robert M. Entman · Journal of Communication Dec 1993 16,026
5 Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger B. P. Abbott et al. · Physical Review Letters Open access1,011 authors 11 Feb 2016 14,545
6 Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 Rafael Lozano et al. · The Lancet Open access191 authors Dec 2012 14,344
7 Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide Sasha Stankovich, Dmitriy A. Dikin, Richard D. Piner et al. · Carbon 8 Mar 2007 13,883
8 Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference William R. Shadish, Thomas D. Cook, Donald T. Campbell 2002 13,406
9 Graphene-based composite materials Sasha Stankovich, Dmitriy A. Dikin, Geoffrey Dommett et al. · Nature Jul 2006 12,907
10 The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary David N. Louis, Arie Perry, Pieter Wesseling et al. · Neuro-Oncology Open access 3 May 2021 12,579
11 LAMMPS - a flexible simulation tool for particle-based materials modeling at the atomic, meso, and continuum scales Aidan P. Thompson, Hasan Metin Aktulga, Richard A. Berger et al. · Computer Physics Communications Open access 22 Sep 2021 12,569
12 Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome Curtis Huttenhower et al. · Nature Open access248 authors Jun 2012 12,195
13 Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and/or interquartile range Xiang Wan, Wenqian Wang, Jiming Liu et al. · BMC Medical Research Methodology Open access Dec 2014 11,974
14 Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019 Gregory A. Roth et al. · Journal of the American College of Cardiology Open access679 authors Dec 2020 11,687
15 A general method applicable to the search for similarities in the amino acid sequence of two proteins Saul B. Needleman, Christian D. Wunsch · Journal of Molecular Biology Mar 1970 11,585
16 Estimating Standard Errors in Finance Panel Data Sets: Comparing Approaches Mitchell A. Petersen · Review of Financial Studies 3 Jun 2008 11,464
17 Mussel-Inspired Surface Chemistry for Multifunctional Coatings Haeshin Lee, Shara M. Dellatore, William M. Miller et al. · Science Open access 18 Oct 2007 10,972
18 The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource‐based view Margaret A. Peteraf · Strategic Management Journal Mar 1993 10,786
19 The Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles: The Influence of Size, Shape, and Dielectric Environment K. Lance Kelly, Eduardo A. Coronado, Lin Lin Zhao et al. · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 21 Dec 2002 10,577
20 Hard and Soft Acids and Bases Ralph G. Pearson · Journal of the American Chemical Society Nov 1963 10,387
21 GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral B. P. Abbott et al. · Physical Review Letters Open access1,124 authors 16 Oct 2017 9,794
22 Declining Morbidity and Mortality among Patients with Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Frank Joseph Palella, Kathleen M. Delaney, Anne C. Moorman et al. · New England Journal of Medicine 26 Mar 1998 9,545
23 Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 Christopher J L Murray et al. · The Lancet Open access362 authors Dec 2012 9,055
24 On the limited memory BFGS method for large scale optimization Dong C. Liu, Jorge Nocedal · Mathematical Programming Aug 1989 8,813
25 Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 Theo Vos et al. · The Lancet Open access358 authors Dec 2012 8,461
26 Network biology: understanding the cell's functional organization Albert-Ĺaszló Barabási, Zoltán N. Oltvai · Nature Reviews Genetics Review 21 Jan 2004 8,151
27 Metal–organic framework materials as catalysts Jeong‐Yong Lee, Omar K. Farha, John Michael Roberts et al. · Chemical Society Reviews Review 2009 7,972
28 Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 Mohammad Hossein Forouzanfar et al. · The Lancet Open access654 authors Oct 2016 7,829
29 The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Naga Chalasani, Zobair M. Younossi, Joel E. Lavine et al. · Hepatology Open access 17 Jul 2017 7,419
30 Review of Particle Physics Masaharu Tanabashi et al. · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. Open access232 authors 17 Aug 2018 7,268
31 Metal–Organic Framework Materials as Chemical Sensors Lauren E. Kreno, Kirsty Leong, Omar K. Farha et al. · Chemical Reviews Review 9 Nov 2011 7,189
32 Mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Daniel R. Rosen et al. · Nature Mar 1993 7,116
33 ROS Function in Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress Michael Schieber, Navdeep S. Chandel · Current Biology Open access May 2014 6,967
34 A basic introduction to fixed-effect and random-effects models for meta-analysis Michael R. Borenstein, Larry Vernon Hedges, Julian P. T. Higgins et al. · Research Synthesis Methods Apr 2010 6,963
35 Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Alice H. Eagly, Steven J. Karau · Psychological Review 2002 6,868
36 Biosensing with plasmonic nanosensors Jeffrey N. Anker, W. Paige Hall, Olga Lyandres et al. · Nature Materials 23 May 2008 6,794
37 Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018 Lorenzo Galluzzi et al. · Cell Death and Differentiation Open access169 authors 23 Jan 2018 6,760
38 A DNA-based method for rationally assembling nanoparticles into macroscopic materials Chad Alexander Mirkin, Robert L. Letsinger, Robert C. Mucic et al. · Nature Aug 1996 6,698
39 Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Theo Vos et al. · The Lancet Open access679 authors 7 Jun 2015 6,558
40 Bid, ask and transaction prices in a specialist market with heterogeneously informed traders Lawrence R. Glosten, Paul Milgrom · Journal of Financial Economics Mar 1985 6,500
41 A finite element method for crack growth without remeshing Nicolas Mo�s, John E. Dolbow, Ted Belytschko · International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering Open access 10 Sep 1999 6,402
42 Review of Particle Physics Particle Data Group et al. · Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Open access239 authors Aug 2022 6,346
43 Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults Lionel A. Mandell, Richard G. Wunderink, Antonio Anzueto et al. · Clinical Infectious Diseases Open access 3 Feb 2007 6,286
44 Optimal Auction Design Roger B. Myerson · Mathematics of Operations Research Feb 1981 6,188
45 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy and Sensing Katherine A. Willets, Richard P. Van Duyne · Annual Review of Physical Chemistry Review 26 Oct 2006 6,160
46 The relationship between return and market value of common stocks Rolf W. Banz · Journal of Financial Economics Mar 1981 6,135
47 Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) Daniel J. Klionsky et al. · Autophagy Open access2,467 authors 2 Jan 2016 6,023
48 Review of Particle Physics J. Beringer et al. · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields Open access195 authors 20 Jul 2012 6,020
49 Best Practices for Developing and Validating Scales for Health, Social, and Behavioral Research: A Primer Godfred Odei Boateng, Torsten B. Neilands, Edward A. Frongillo et al. · Frontiers in Public Health Open access 11 Jun 2018 5,774
50 Emerging applications of stimuli-responsive polymer materials Martien A. Cohen Stuart, Wilhelm T. S. Huck, Jan Genzer et al. · Nature Materials Open access 22 Jan 2010 5,723

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for an institution when any of its authors gave it as an affiliation; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.