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Most cited papers from UK Research and Innovation

What are the most cited papers from UK Research and Innovation?

The most cited paper from UK Research and Innovation is "Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4" (Ulrich K. Laemmli, 1970), with 252,153 citations. Next come "DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors" (69,512) and "Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis" (32,849).

Showing 50 of 60 papers. Every paper with more than 4,522 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4 Ulrich K. Laemmli · Nature Open access Aug 1970 252,153
2 DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors Frederick Sanger, S. Nicklen, Alan R. Coulson · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open access Dec 1977 69,512
3 Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis E.M. Southern · Journal of Molecular Biology Nov 1975 32,849
4 Phaser crystallographic software Airlie J. McCoy, Ralf W. Grosse‐Kunstleve, Paul D. Adams et al. · Journal of Applied Crystallography Open access 13 Jul 2007 21,198
5 Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity Georges Köhler, César Milstein · Nature Aug 1975 17,298
6 THE GENETICS OF CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS Sydney Brenner · Genetics May 1974 15,608
7 First principles methods using CASTEP Stewart J. Clark, Matthew Segall, Chris J. Pickard et al. · Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials Open access May 2005 14,735
8 Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger B. P. Abbott et al. · Physical Review Letters Open access1,011 authors 11 Feb 2016 14,545
9 A study of the conditions and mechanism of the diphenylamine reaction for the colorimetric estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid K. Burton · Biochemical Journal Open access Feb 1956 14,144
10 Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid James Dewey Watson, Francis Harry Compton Crick · Nature 25 Apr 1953 13,452
11 Discussion on the paper by Spiegelhalter, Best, Carlin and van der Linde Gelfand, A. E., Trevisani, M. · ArTS Archivio della ricerca di Trieste (University of Trieste https://www.units.it/) 2002 12,900
12 Overview of the CCP 4 suite and current developments Martyn Winn, Charles C. Ballard, Kevin D. Cowtan et al. · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography Open access 17 Mar 2011 12,694
13 Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC G. Aad et al. · Physics Letters B Open access2,932 authors 14 Aug 2012 10,856
14 Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome Stephen K. Anderson, Alan T. Bankier, B. G. Barrell et al. · Nature Apr 1981 9,759
15 REFMAC 5 for the refinement of macromolecular crystal structures Garib N. Murshudov, Pavol Skubák, Andrey Andreyevich Lebedev et al. · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography Open access 17 Mar 2011 8,771
16 Gaia Data Release 2 A. G. A. Brown et al. · Astronomy and Astrophysics Open access453 authors 24 Apr 2018 8,734
17 The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome Gibran Hemani, Jie Zheng, Benjamin L. Elsworth et al. · eLife Open access 30 May 2018 8,708
18 A Film Detection Method for Tritium‐Labelled Proteins and Nucleic Acids in Polyacrylamide Gels William M. Bonner, Ronald Alfred Laskey · European Journal of Biochemistry Open access Jul 1974 8,651
19 α-Synuclein in Lewy bodies Maria Grazia Spillantini, Marie Luise Schmidt, Virginia M.‐Y. Lee et al. · Nature 28 Aug 1997 8,529
20 SPIRIT 2013 Statement: Defining Standard Protocol Items for Clinical Trials An‐Wen Chan, Jennifer Tetzlaff, Douglas G. Altman et al. · Annals of Internal Medicine Open access 5 Feb 2013 8,142
21 Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome Asif T. Chinwalla et al. · Nature Open access223 authors Dec 2002 7,343
22 Review of Particle Physics Masaharu Tanabashi et al. · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. Open access232 authors 17 Aug 2018 7,268
23 The Gaia mission T. Prusti et al. · Astronomy and Astrophysics Open access625 authors 15 Sep 2016 7,118
24 Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018 Lorenzo Galluzzi et al. · Cell Death and Differentiation Open access169 authors 23 Jan 2018 6,760
25 Inositol trisphosphate and calcium signalling Michael John Berridge · Nature 1993 6,606
26 Perioperative Chemotherapy versus Surgery Alone for Resectable Gastroesophageal Cancer David Cunningham, William Allum, Sally Patricia Stenning et al. · New England Journal of Medicine 6 Jul 2006 6,432
27 Application of the cross wavelet transform and wavelet coherence to geophysical time series Aslak Grinsted, John Christopher Moore, Svetlana Jevrejeva · Nonlinear processes in geophysics Open access 18 Nov 2004 6,407
28 SCOP: A structural classification of proteins database for the investigation of sequences and structures Alexey G. Murzin, Steven E. Brenner, Tim Hubbard et al. · Journal of Molecular Biology Apr 1995 6,359
29 A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance Kathryn Skivington, Lynsay Matthews, Sharon Anne Simpson et al. · BMJ Open access 30 Sep 2021 6,225
30 RELION: Implementation of a Bayesian approach to cryo-EM structure determination Sjors H. W. Scheres · Journal of Structural Biology Open access 19 Sep 2012 6,175
31 Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) Daniel J. Klionsky et al. · Autophagy Open access2,467 authors 2 Jan 2016 6,023
32 Review of Particle Physics J. Beringer et al. · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields Open access195 authors 20 Jul 2012 6,020
33 The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: Updated guidelines for reporting animal research Nathalie Percie du Sert et al. · PLoS Biology Open access 14 Jul 2020 6,005
34 Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects Pedro Curi Hallal, Lars Bo Andersen, Fiona Bull et al. · The Lancet Open access Jul 2012 5,885
35 The structure of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans JG White, Eileen Southgate, J. Nichol Thomson et al. · Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 12 Nov 1986 5,884
36 Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. Michael L. Rutter · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Jul 1987 5,837
37 New tools for automated high-resolution cryo-EM structure determination in RELION-3 Jasenko Zivanov, Takanori Nakane, Björn O. Forsberg et al. · eLife Open access 9 Nov 2018 5,552
38 WinBUGS - A Bayesian modelling framework: Concepts, structure, and extensibility David J. Lunn, Andrew C. Thomas, Nicky Best et al. · Statistics and Computing Oct 2000 5,419
39 Distantly related sequences in the alpha‐ and beta‐subunits of ATP synthase, myosin, kinases and other ATP‐requiring enzymes and a common nucleotide binding fold. John E. Walker, M Saraste, M J Runswick et al. · The EMBO Journal Open access Aug 1982 5,355
40 Working Memory Alan Baddeley · Science 31 Jan 1992 5,275
41 How good are my data and what is the resolution? Philip Rainsford Evans, Garib N. Murshudov · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography Open access 12 Jun 2013 5,147
42 Simulations of the formation, evolution and clustering of galaxies and quasars Volker Springel, Simon D. M. White, Adrian R. Jenkins et al. · Nature Open access Jun 2005 5,112
43 Molecular characterization of a peripheral receptor for cannabinoids Sean Munro, Kerrie L. Thomas, Muna Abu-Shaar · Nature Sep 1993 5,110
44 Review of Particle Physics C. Amsler et al. · Physics Letters B Open access173 authors 5 Aug 2008 5,093
45 The Astropy Project : Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package* The Astropy Collaboration et al. · Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) Open access136 authors 2022 5,044
46 Machine learning for molecular and materials science Keith T. Butler, Daniel W. Davies, Hugh Cartwright et al. · Nature Open access Jul 2018 5,033
47 Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology The LifeLines Cohort Study et al. · Nature Open access487 authors 10 Feb 2015 4,954
48 Drug repurposing: progress, challenges and recommendations Sudeep P. Pushpakom, Francesco Iorio, Patrick A. Eyers et al. · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery Review 12 Oct 2018 4,863
49 The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) James R. Lemen et al. · Solar Physics Open access Jun 2011 4,818
50 An atlas of genetic correlations across human diseases and traits Brendan K Bulik-Sullivan, Hilary K. Finucane, Verneri Anttila et al. · Nature Genetics Open access 28 Sep 2015 4,816

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for an institution when any of its authors gave it as an affiliation; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.