Vertically Integrated Systems (Germany)

The fields where it stands highest, over all time, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

Each strip is that field’s whole ranked pool, with the notch where Vertically Integrated Systems (Germany) sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no world mark, because the world rate differs by field (from about 6% to 21% in this record).

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

• Engineering 5.0×
• Physics and Astronomy 4.6×
• Chemical Engineering 2.3×
• Psychology 0.8×
• Computer Science 0.8×
• Materials Science 0.4×
• Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 0.2×
• Chemistry 0.2×
• Social Sciences 0.1×
• Environmental Science 0.1×
• Medicine 0.1×

Ranked on the composite score, N. N. Ledentsov, O. Makarov and V. A. Shchukin lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Vertically Integrated Systems (Germany).

1. 1 🇩🇪 N. N. Ledentsov Germany · #179,980 worldwide 293 citations · 67 works
2. 2 🇩🇪 O. Makarov Germany · #386,380 worldwide 58 citations · 18 works
3. 3 🇩🇪 V. A. Shchukin Germany · #572,105 worldwide 120 citations · 57 works
4. 4 🇩🇪 V. P. Kalosha Germany · #676,297 worldwide 112 citations · 65 works
5. 5 🇩🇪 J.‐R. Kropp Germany · #888,257 worldwide 66 citations · 24 works

By fractional works in 2022–2025, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Optical Interconnects, Semiconductor Lasers, Biosensors, Optical Modulators, Silicon Photonics, Optical Fiber, Coherent Detection and Digital Signal Processing.

By volume in 2022–2025: Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices, Photonic and Optical Devices, Optical Network Technologies and Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices.

1. 1 Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices Electrical and Electronic Engineering 5 works
2. 2 Photonic and Optical Devices Electrical and Electronic Engineering 5 works
3. 3 Optical Network Technologies Electrical and Electronic Engineering 2 works
4. 4 Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics 1 works
5. 5 Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures Electrical and Electronic Engineering 1 works
6. 6 Color perception and design Social Psychology 0 works
7. 7 Color Science and Applications Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics 0 works
8. 8 Cryptography and Data Security Artificial Intelligence 0 works
9. 9 Metal and Thin Film Mechanics Mechanics of Materials 0 works
10. 10 Access Control and Trust Sociology and Political Science 0 works

Against the world’s own shares — the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

Output in 2018–2022 was 4% lower than in 2013–2017.

• Freie Universität Berlin
• Technische Universität Berlin
• Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
• Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
• Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society
• Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing
• Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute
• Robert Koch Institute