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Most cited papers in Memory Processes and Influences

What are the most cited papers in Memory Processes and Influences?

The most cited paper in Memory Processes and Influences is "Levels of processing: A framework for memory research" (Fergus I. M. Craik, Robert S. Lockhart, 1972), with 9,656 citations. Next come "The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?" (7,368) and "Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory." (7,177).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 1,308 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 Levels of processing: A framework for memory research Fergus I. M. Craik, Robert S. Lockhart · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior Dec 1972 9,656
2 The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? Alan D. Baddeley · Trends in Cognitive Sciences Review Nov 2000 7,368
3 Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory. Richard M. Shiffrin, Walter Schneider · Psychological Review Mar 1977 7,177
4 Human Memory: A Proposed System and its Control Processes R. C. Atkinson, Richard M. Shiffrin · ˜The œPsychology of learning and motivation/˜The œpsychology of learning and motivation Book chapterOpen access 1968 7,147
5 The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity Nelson Cowan · Behavioral and Brain Sciences Open access Feb 2001 6,947
6 Memory and the hippocampus: A synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans. Larry R. Squire · Psychological Review 1992 5,344
7 Mood and memory. Gordon H. Bower · American Psychologist 1981 5,043
8 Episodic Memory: From Mind to Brain Endel Tulving · Annual Review of Psychology Review Feb 2002 5,027
9 Overdependence on degraded gist memory in Alzheimer's disease. David A. Gallo, Kameron R. Shahid, Meredith A. Olson et al. · Neuropsychology Nov 2006 4,736
10 Memory and consciousness. Endel Tulving · Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne 1985 4,660
11 Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Endel Tulving, Donald M. Thomson · Psychological Review Sep 1973 4,600
12 A theory of memory retrieval. Roger Ratcliff · Psychological Review Mar 1978 4,280
13 Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Fergus I. M. Craik, Endel Tulving · Journal of Experimental Psychology General Sep 1975 3,990
14 The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Martin A. Conway, Christopher W. Pleydell-Pearce · Psychological Review 2000 3,955
15 The Nature of Recollection and Familiarity: A Review of 30 Years of Research Andrew P. Yonelinas · Journal of Memory and Language Apr 2002 3,950
16 A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory Larry L. Jacoby · Journal of Memory and Language Oct 1991 3,774
17 Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Henry L. Roediger, Kathleen B. McDermott · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition Jul 1995 3,666
18 Imaging Cognition II: An Empirical Review of 275 PET and fMRI Studies Roberto E. Cabeza, Lars H Nyberg · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2000 3,658
19 The Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System Larry R. Squire, Stuart M. Zola-Morgan · Science 20 Sep 1991 3,336
20 Long-term working memory. K. Anders Ericsson, Walter Kintsch · Psychological Review 1995 3,268
21 Source monitoring. Michael K. Johnson, Shahin Hashtroudi, D. Stephen Lindsay · Psychological Bulletin 1993 3,180
22 Improving Students’ Learning With Effective Learning Techniques John T. Dunlosky, Katherine A. Rawson, Elizabeth J. Marsh et al. · Gothic.net 2013 3,123
23 Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures Mary Jo Nissen, Peter Bullemer · Cognitive Psychology 1987 3,049
24 Human memory : theory and practice Alan Baddeley 1990 3,037
25 Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: A latent-variable approach. Randall W Engle, Stephen W. Tuholski, James E. Laughlin et al. · Journal of Experimental Psychology General Sep 1999 3,029
26 Anterior Cingulate Conflict Monitoring and Adjustments in Control John G. Kerns, Jonathan D. Cohen, Angus W. MacDonald et al. · Science 12 Feb 2004 2,926
27 Test-Enhanced Learning Henry L. Roediger, Jeffrey D. Karpicke · Psychological Science 23 Feb 2006 2,853
28 Self-projection and the brain Randy Lee Buckner, Daniel C. Carroll · Trends in Cognitive Sciences ReviewOpen access 23 Dec 2006 2,754
29 Automatic and effortful processes in memory. Lynn Hasher, Rose T. Zacks · Journal of Experimental Psychology General Sep 1979 2,750
30 THE MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE Larry R. Squire, Craig E.L. Stark, Robert E. Clark · Annual Review of Neuroscience Review 24 Jun 2004 2,711
31 The Medial Temporal Lobe and Recognition Memory Howard Eichenbaum, Andrew P. Yonelinas, Charan Ranganath · Annual Review of Neuroscience ReviewOpen access 23 Mar 2007 2,687
32 Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: Applications to dementia and amnesia. Joan Gay Snodgrass, June Corwin · Journal of Experimental Psychology General 1988 2,686
33 Priming and Human Memory Systems Endel Tulving, Daniel L. Schacter · Science 19 Jan 1990 2,630
34 Remembering the past to imagine the future: the prospective brain Daniel L. Schacter, Donna Rose Addis, Randy Lee Buckner · Nature reviews. Neuroscience Review 15 Aug 2007 2,457
35 Levels of processing versus transfer appropriate processing Catherine Morris, John D. Bransford, Jeffery J. Franks · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior Oct 1977 2,327
36 Memory systems of the brain: A brief history and current perspective Larry R. Squire · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 24 Aug 2004 2,284
37 On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning. Larry L. Jacoby, Mark Dallas · Journal of Experimental Psychology General 1981 2,230
38 The Common Neural Basis of Autobiographical Memory, Prospection, Navigation, Theory of Mind, and the Default Mode: A Quantitative Meta-analysis R. Nathan Spreng, Raymond A. Mar, Alice S. N. Kim · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Open access 29 May 2008 2,228
39 A spreading activation theory of memory John R. Anderson · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior Jun 1983 2,196
40 Role of left inferior prefrontal cortex in retrieval of semantic knowledge: A reevaluation Sharon L. Thompson‐Schill, Mark D’Esposito, Geoffrey K. Aguirre et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open access 23 Dec 1997 2,194
41 Memory and the self☆ Martin Conway · Journal of Memory and Language Oct 2005 2,138
42 The Neuropsychology of Memory Larry R. Squire Book chapter 1984 2,129
43 The Power of Testing Memory: Basic Research and Implications for Educational Practice Henry L. Roediger, Jeffrey D. Karpicke · Perspectives on Psychological Science 30 Aug 2006 2,066
44 Remembering the past and imagining the future: Common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration Donna Rose Addis, Alana T. Wong, Daniel L. Schacter · Neuropsychologia Open access 29 Nov 2006 1,999
45 Recognizing Spoken Words: The Neighborhood Activation Model Paul A. Luce, David B. Pisoni · Ear and Hearing Open access Feb 1998 1,963
46 Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex Lynn Nadel, Morris Moscovitch · Current Opinion in Neurobiology Review Apr 1997 1,956
47 Aging and motivated cognition: the positivity effect in attention and memory Mara Mather, Laura L. Carstensen · Trends in Cognitive Sciences Review 9 Sep 2005 1,923
48 Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic axis John P. Aggleton, Malcolm Watson Brown · Behavioral and Brain Sciences Jun 1999 1,914
49 Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks: A review and quantitative synthesis. Nicholas J. Cepeda, Harold Pashler, Edward Vul et al. · Psychological Bulletin Open access 2006 1,898
50 Context, time, and memory retrieval in the interference paradigms of Pavlovian learning. Mark E. Bouton · Psychological Bulletin 1993 1,894

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.