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Most cited papers in Software Engineering Research

What are the most cited papers in Software Engineering Research?

The most cited paper in Software Engineering Research is "Harvard Business Review" (J. Scott Armstrong, David M. Georgoff, 1988), with 18,225 citations. Next come "On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots" (6,615) and "Graph drawing by force‐directed placement" (6,481).

Showing 50 of 100 papers. Every paper with more than 1,088 citations is listed.

Most cited papers, sortable by citations and release date
#Paper
1 Harvard Business Review J. Scott Armstrong, David M. Georgoff · International Journal of Forecasting 1988 18,225
2 On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots Emily M. Bender, Timnit Gebru, Angelina McMillan-Major et al. Conference paperOpen access Mar 2021 6,615
3 Graph drawing by force‐directed placement Thomas M. J. Fruchterman, Edward M. Reingold · Software Practice and Experience Nov 1991 6,481
4 A Complexity Measure Thomas J. McCabe · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Dec 1976 5,923
5 A metrics suite for object oriented design Shyam R. Chidamber, Chris F. Kemerer · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Open access Jun 1994 5,691
6 On the criteria to be used in decomposing systems into modules David Lorge Parnas · Communications of the ACM Open access Dec 1972 4,715
7 Systematic literature reviews in software engineering – A systematic literature review Barbara Ann Kitchenham, O. Pearl Brereton, DAVID E. BUDGEN et al. · Information and Software Technology ReviewOpen access 13 Nov 2008 4,507
8 Evaluation: from precision, recall and F-measure to ROC, informedness, markedness and correlation David M W Powers · arXiv (Cornell University) PreprintOpen access 11 Oct 2020 4,430
9 Guidelines for snowballing in systematic literature studies and a replication in software engineering Claes Wohlin Conference paper 13 May 2014 3,928
10 Guidelines for conducting and reporting case study research in software engineering Per Runeson, Martin Höst · Empirical Software Engineering Open access 18 Dec 2008 3,880
11 The C++ Programming Language Bjarne Stroustrup Open access 1985 3,847
12 Lateral Collinearity and Misleading Results in Variance-Based SEM: An Illustration and Recommendations Ned Kock, Gary S. Lynn · Journal of the Association for Information Systems Open access Jul 2012 3,716
13 Systematic Mapping Studies in Software Engineering Kai Petersen, ROBERT H. FELDT, Shahid Mujtaba et al. · Electronic workshops in computing Conference paperOpen access Jun 2008 3,166
14 Symbolic execution and program testing James C. King · Communications of the ACM Open access Jul 1976 3,043
15 Constructing Induction Rules for Deductive Synthesis Proofs Alan Bundy, Lucas Dixon, Jeremy Gow et al. · Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science Open access Mar 2006 2,818
16 An Overview of AspectJ Gregor Kiczales, Erik Hilsdale, Jim Hugunin et al. · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paper 2001 2,768
17 Empirical studies of agile software development: A systematic review Tore Dybå, Torgeir Dingsøyr · Information and Software Technology Review 18 Mar 2008 2,679
18 KLEE: unassisted and automatic generation of high-coverage tests for complex systems programs Cristian Cadar, Daniel Dunbar, Dawson Engler 8 Dec 2008 2,669
19 Guidelines for conducting systematic mapping studies in software engineering: An update Kai Petersen, Sairam Vakkalanka, Ludwik Kuźniarz · Information and Software Technology 8 Apr 2015 2,658
20 Aspect-oriented programming Gregor Kiczales, John Lamping, Anurag Mendhekar et al. · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paper 1997 2,543
21 Lessons from applying the systematic literature review process within the software engineering domain Pearl Brereton, Barbara Ann Kitchenham, DAVID E. BUDGEN et al. · Journal of Systems and Software ReviewOpen access 18 Aug 2006 2,392
22 Mediation analysis in partial least squares path modeling Christian Nitzl, José Luis Roldán, Gabriel Cepeda‐Carrión · Industrial Management & Data Systems Open access 17 Oct 2016 2,273
23 Efficiently computing static single assignment form and the control dependence graph Ron K. Cytron, Jeanne Ferrante, Barry K. Rosen et al. · ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems Open access Oct 1991 2,259
24 On Non-Functional Requirements in Software Engineering Lawrence Chung, Julio César Sampaio do Prado Leite · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paper 2009 2,248
25 Types and Programming Languages Benjamin C. Pierce 2002 2,242
26 The 4+1 View Model of architecture Philippe B. Kruchten · IEEE Software Open access 1995 2,162
27 End-To-End Arguments In System Design Saltzer Reed And, Jerome H. Saltzer, David P. Reed et al. 1984 2,133
28 A field study of the software design process for large systems Bill Curtis, Herb Krasner, Neil Iscoe · Communications of the ACM Open access Nov 1988 2,093
29 Refactoring improving the design of existing code Mauricio A. Saca Conference paper Nov 2017 2,080
30 DART Patrice Godefroid, Nils Klarlund, Koushik Sen · ACM SIGPLAN Notices 12 Jun 2005 2,077
31 Diagnosing multiple faults Johan de Kleer, Brian C. Williams · Artificial Intelligence Apr 1987 2,053
32 Reverse engineering and design recovery: a taxonomy Elliot J. Chikofsky, James H. Cross · IEEE Software 1990 2,005
33 A classification and comparison framework for software architecture description languages Nenad Medvidović, Richard N. Taylor · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Open access 2000 1,986
34 Managing the Software Process Watts S. Humphrey · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) 1989 1,971
35 Time-Dependent Error-Detection Rate Model for Software Reliability and Other Performance Measures Amrit L. Goel, Kazu Okumoto · IEEE Transactions on Reliability Aug 1979 1,852
36 A truth maintenance system Jon Doyle · Artificial Intelligence Open access Nov 1979 1,782
37 CCFinder: a multilinguistic token-based code clone detection system for large scale source code T. Kamiya, Shinya Kusumoto, Koji Inoue · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Open access Jul 2002 1,737
38 When and how to develop domain-specific languages Marjan Mernik, Jan Heering, Anthony M. Sloane · ACM Computing Surveys Dec 2005 1,735
39 A validation of object-oriented design metrics as quality indicators Victor Robert Basili, Lionel Briand, Walcélio L. Melo · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Oct 1996 1,731
40 Two case studies of open source software development Audris Mockus, Roy T. Fielding, James D. Herbsleb · ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology Jul 2002 1,703
41 Automatically characterizing large scale program behavior Timothy Sherwood, Erez Perelman, Greg Hamerly et al. Conference paper Oct 2002 1,682
42 Process modeling Bill Curtis, Marc I. Kellner, Jim Over · Communications of the ACM Open access Sep 1992 1,629
43 Automatic discovery of linear restraints among variables of a program Patrick M. Cousot, Nicolas Halbwachs Conference paper 1978 1,615
44 The DaCapo benchmarks Stephen Michael Blackburn, Robin J. Garner, Chris Hoffmann et al. Conference paperOpen access 16 Oct 2006 1,604
45 bayestestR: Describing Effects and their Uncertainty, Existence and Significance within the Bayesian Framework Dominique Makowski, Mattan S. Ben‐Shachar, Daniel Lüdecke · The Journal of Open Source Software Open access 12 Aug 2019 1,587
46 Software risk management: principles and practices BARRY W. BOEHM · IEEE Software 1991 1,584
47 Software Function, Source Lines of Code, and Development Effort Prediction: A Software Science Validation Alan J. Albrecht, John E. Gaffney · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Nov 1983 1,563
48 PARSIMONY JACKKNIFING OUTPERFORMS NEIGHBOR‐JOINING James S. Farris, Victor A. Albert, Mari Källersjö et al. · Cladistics Open access Jun 1996 1,534
49 Preliminary guidelines for empirical research in software engineering Barbara Ann Kitchenham, Shari Lawrence Pfleeger, Lesley M. Pickard et al. · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Open access Aug 2002 1,516
50 Qualitative methods in empirical studies of software engineering Carolyn Budinger Seaman · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Jul 1999 1,504

Citations are OpenAlex's own counts, from its 2026-09-23 snapshot, so the ranking can differ from Google Scholar or Web of Science. A paper is listed for a field when OpenAlex files it under one of the field's topics; retracted papers and papers whose citation count cannot be traced to citing works are left out, and a preprint and the article it became are shown once. Release dates are OpenAlex's: where a source gave only a month or a year, that is what is shown. How the lists are chosen.