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Research in London

Science Explorer records 39 research institutions in London. The highest-ranked on research quality in 2022-now are BMJ Group (United Kingdom) and NHS England.

Research institutions
39
2 of them ranked worldwide
Research works
10k
▼ 3% vs 2018-21
Citations
84k
8.2 per fractional work, all time
Top-10% rate, 2022-now
14.6%
all institutions 10.0%
Active span
1952-2026
75 years on the record
London

A city carries no overall standing here. The quality score is built for institutions and countries, the units its floors and field normalisation were designed around. An empty rank on this page is a statement about the measure, not about the place.

Which research institutions are in London?

#InstitutionWorksAgainst the largest hereWorld rank
1BMJ Group (United Kingdom)Company 7,809 #2,995
2Gray's InnInstitution 823 #8,148 all time
3NHS EnglandFunder 585 #6,610
4Rock Flow Dynamics (United Kingdom)Company 74 not ranked
5World Animal ProtectionNonprofit 64 not ranked
6Tullow Oil (United Kingdom)Company 53 not ranked
7Royal Asiatic SocietyNonprofit 49 not ranked
8The Centre for Reproductive & Genetic HealthHospital / health system 31 not ranked
9International Water Association PublishingCompany 28 not ranked
10Foreign, Commonwealth & Development OfficeGovernment institution 26 not ranked
11Office for Health Improvement and DisparitiesGovernment institution 25 not ranked
12Centre for Digital HumanitiesResearch facility 24 not ranked
13Santander UniversitiesInstitution 19 not ranked
14Royal Society of BiologyInstitution 12 not ranked
15The Society of Occupational MedicineNonprofit 11 not ranked
16Portland PressInstitution 9 not ranked
17Bloomsbury Publishing (United Kingdom)Company 8 not ranked
18Defence and Security AcceleratorGovernment institution 6 not ranked
19European Orthodontic SocietyNonprofit 5 not ranked
20Istituto Marangoni LondonUniversity 4 not ranked
21Mineralogical Society of the United Kingdom and IrelandFunder 4 not ranked
22Open Book CollectiveNonprofit 3 not ranked
23Galapagos Conservation TrustNonprofit 3 not ranked
24Royal Numismatic SocietyFunder 3 not ranked
25Pears FoundationNonprofit 2 not ranked
26PhytoTrade AfricaNonprofit 2 not ranked
27Genetics SocietyInstitution 1 not ranked
28PortiaNonprofit 1 not ranked
29Anatomical SocietyNonprofit 1 not ranked
30British Institute for Libyan and Northern African StudiesNonprofit 1 not ranked
31British Phycological SocietyInstitution 1 not ranked
32The Foundation for Science and TechnologyNonprofit 1 not ranked
33BMA Foundation for Medical ResearchNonprofit 1 not ranked
34Malacological Society of LondonNonprofit 0 not ranked
35Saudi Arabia Cultural Bureau in LondonGovernment institution 0 not ranked
36Marshall Aid Commemoration CommissionInstitution 0 not ranked
37Al-Furqan Islamic Heritage FoundationNonprofit 0 not ranked
38International Progressive MS AllianceNonprofit 0 not ranked
39Leukaemia UKNonprofit 0 not ranked

By fractional works over the whole record; world rank on research quality in 2022-now. Bars are scaled to the largest institution in this city, not to anything off the page.

How concentrated the city is

The same institutions as shares of everything the list accounts for. A city that is one university and a city that is twelve read alike as a table and not at all alike here.

BMJ Group (United Kingdom): 80.6%Gray's Inn: 8.5%NHS England: 6.0%Rock Flow Dynamics (United Kingdom): 0.8%29 others listed: 4.1%81%largest
BMJ Group (United Kingdom)7,809 · 80.6%Gray's Inn823 · 8.5%NHS England585 · 6.0%Rock Flow Dynamics (United Kingdom)74 · 0.8%29 others listed398 · 4.1%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which fields of science does London work in?

In 2022-now, 70% of research in London is in Health Sciences, 20% in Social Sciences. Its largest fields are Health Professions (43%), Medicine (27%), Social Sciences (8%). It does 3.0× the world's share of Health Sciences.

Health Sciences: 2,589 fractional works · 69.9% of its workHealth Professions: 1,583 fractional works · 42.7% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 1,358 fractional works · 36.7% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 130 fractional works · 3.5% of its workPharmacy: 46 fractional works · 1.3% of its workHealth Information Management: 24 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSpeech and Hearing: 12 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 13 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMedicine: 986 fractional works · 26.6% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 216 fractional works · 5.8% of its workReproductive Medicine: 87 fractional works · 2.3% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 71 fractional works · 1.9% of its workPhysiology: 66 fractional works · 1.8% of its workEmergency Medicine: 59 fractional works · 1.6% of its workEpidemiology: 58 fractional works · 1.6% of its workInfectious Diseases: 55 fractional works · 1.5% of its workOncology: 44 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSurgery: 36 fractional works · 1.0% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 36 fractional works · 1.0% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 34 fractional works · 0.9% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 30 fractional works · 0.8% of its workPsychiatry and Mental health: 24 fractional works · 0.6% of its workNeurology: 22 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 19 fractional works · 0.5% of its workObstetrics and Gynecology: 16 fractional works · 0.4% of its workHealth Informatics: 15 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPharmacology: 13 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGeriatrics and Gerontology: 12 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 73 fractional works · 2.0% of its workNursing: 12 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDentistry: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workVeterinary: 1 fractional works · 0.0% of its workSocial Sciences: 745 fractional works · 20.1% of its workSocial Sciences: 303 fractional works · 8.2% of its workSociology and Political Science: 100 fractional works · 2.7% of its workGender Studies: 61 fractional works · 1.6% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 39 fractional works · 1.0% of its workHealth: 34 fractional works · 0.9% of its workEducation: 22 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSafety Research: 9 fractional works · 0.2% of its workLaw: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workDemography: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 22 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 137 fractional works · 3.7% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 128 fractional works · 3.5% of its workFinance: 9 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.0% of its workPsychology: 130 fractional works · 3.5% of its workClinical Psychology: 84 fractional works · 2.3% of its workSocial Psychology: 30 fractional works · 0.8% of its workSmaller subfields together: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 113 fractional works · 3.0% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 95 fractional works · 2.6% of its workStrategy and Management: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workArts and Humanities: 39 fractional works · 1.1% of its workHistory: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhilosophy: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 19 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDecision Sciences: 22 fractional works · 0.6% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPhysical Sciences: 205 fractional works · 5.5% of its workEnvironmental Science: 109 fractional works · 3.0% of its workHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis: 64 fractional works · 1.7% of its workPollution: 12 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 15 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEngineering: 43 fractional works · 1.2% of its workOcean Engineering: 14 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 30 fractional works · 0.8% of its workComputer Science: 27 fractional works · 0.7% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workInformation Systems: 9 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMathematics: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnergy: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 4 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 3 fractional works · 0.1% of its workChemistry: 2 fractional works · 0.1% of its workMaterials Science: 1 fractional works · 0.0% of its workLife Sciences: 166 fractional works · 4.5% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 61 fractional works · 1.6% of its workMolecular Biology: 26 fractional works · 0.7% of its workGenetics: 22 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 13 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 40 fractional works · 1.1% of its workPlant Science: 21 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 19 fractional works · 0.5% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 25 fractional works · 0.7% of its workApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 24 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPharmacology: 21 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.1% of its workNeuroscience: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workALL ITS WORKLondon3,704fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences4%Physical Sciences6%Health Sciences70%Social Sciences20%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this city does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 26 fields, with their numbers
  1. Health Sciences2,58969.9%
    1. Health Professions1,58342.7%
    2. Medicine98626.6%
    3. Nursing120.3%
    4. Dentistry60.2%
    5. Veterinary10.0%
    1. Social Sciences3038.2%
    2. Economics, Econometrics and Finance1373.7%
    3. Psychology1303.5%
    4. Business, Management and Accounting1133.0%
    5. Arts and Humanities391.1%
    6. Decision Sciences220.6%
    1. Environmental Science1093.0%
    2. Engineering431.2%
    3. Computer Science270.7%
    4. Mathematics70.2%
    5. Energy70.2%
    6. Earth and Planetary Sciences40.1%
    7. Physics and Astronomy30.1%
    8. Chemistry20.1%
    9. Materials Science10.0%
    10. Chemical Engineering10.0%
    1. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology611.6%
    2. Agricultural and Biological Sciences401.1%
    3. Immunology and Microbiology250.7%
    4. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics240.6%
    5. Neuroscience170.5%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What is London strongest at in research?

Relative to its size, research in London is most concentrated in General Health Professions, Emergency Medical Services and Health Professions (26.8× the world share in General Health Professions).

  1. General Health ProfessionsSubfield · 1,249.8 works27×
  2. Emergency Medical ServicesSubfield · 122.0 works20×
  3. Health ProfessionsField · 1,453.4 works16×
  4. PharmacySubfield · 40.3 works13×
  5. Reproductive MedicineSubfield · 72.6 works9.6×
  6. Emergency MedicineSubfield · 57.0 works6.9×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient against the world baseline. Inside a single field a city is a meaningful unit, which is why this is where a city is measured at all.

The whole field profile

All 26 fields at once: above the ring is more than a place this size would be expected to do. A specialist and a generalist produce the same ranked list and a completely different shape.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.23× its world share, 37 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.29× its world share, 53 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.65× its world share, 22 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.27× its world share, 15 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 1.77× its world share, 21 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.05× its world share, 1 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.04× its world share, 2 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.09× its world share, 24 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.07× its world share, 4 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.21× its world share, 6 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.08× its world share, 41 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.61× its world share, 102 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.01× its world share, 1 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 0.14× its world share, 6 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.03× its world share, 3 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 0.39× its world share, 6 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 16.32× its world share, 1,453 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 1.38× its world share, 897 worksMedicineNursing: 0.70× its world share, 12 worksNursingVeterinary: 0.30× its world share, 1 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 0.33× its world share, 32 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.93× its world share, 102 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 0.60× its world share, 20 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 1.84× its world share, 133 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 1.17× its world share, 121 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.62× its world share, 265 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Health Professions, 16.3×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 26 fields, with their numbers
  1. Health Professions16.32×1,453 works
  2. Economics, Econometrics and Finance1.84×133 works
  3. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics1.77×21 works
  4. Medicine1.38×897 works
  5. Psychology1.17×121 works
  6. Business, Management and Accounting0.93×102 works
  7. Nursing0.70×12 works
  8. Immunology and Microbiology0.65×22 works
  9. Social Sciences0.62×265 works
  10. Environmental Science0.61×102 works
  11. Decision Sciences0.60×20 works
  12. Dentistry0.39×6 works
  13. Arts and Humanities0.33×32 works
  14. Veterinary0.30×1 works
  15. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.29×53 works
  16. Neuroscience0.27×15 works
  17. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.23×37 works
  18. Energy0.21×6 works
  19. Mathematics0.14×6 works
  20. Computer Science0.09×24 works
  21. Engineering0.08×41 works
  22. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.07×4 works
  23. Chemical Engineering0.05×1 works
  24. Chemistry0.04×2 works
  25. Physics and Astronomy0.03×3 works
  26. Materials Science0.01×1 works

Which keywords describe research in London?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Public Health, Primary Care, NHS, COVID-19, Healthcare Workers, Health Inequalities, Workforce Planning and doctors' strikes.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this city's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Public Health1,348▲ 25×53 topics
  2. Primary Care1,113▲ 81×14 topics
  3. NHS879▲ 1633×2 topics
  4. COVID-19734▲ 15×23 topics
  5. Healthcare Workers704▲ 80×5 topics
  6. Health Inequalities665▲ 148×4 topics
  7. Workforce Planning659▲ 467×2 topics
  8. Ethnic Minorities658▲ 930×1 topic
  9. doctors' strikes658▲ 1537×1 topic
  10. Healthcare310▲ 7.3×23 topics
  11. Patient Care234▲ 52×4 topics
  12. Mortality231▲ 11×11 topics
  13. Policy226▲ 28×5 topics
  14. Reform221▲ 94×2 topics
  15. Government221▲ 574×1 topic
  16. medical training221▲ 2008×1 topic
  17. Ethical Considerations162▲ 13×16 topics
  18. Health Equity142▲ 13×5 topics
  19. Quality Improvement138▲ 19×8 topics
  20. Global Health128▲ 22×8 topics
  21. Clinical Trials120▲ 4.9×14 topics
  22. Community Health119▲ 20×5 topics
  23. Social Determinants119▲ 16×4 topics
  24. Health114▲ 7.7×12 topics
  25. Training112▲ 14×4 topics
  26. Healthcare Systems110▲ 66×2 topics
  27. Advocacy110▲ 110×1 topic
  28. Pediatrics110▲ 110×1 topic
  29. Violence109▲ 20×4 topics
  30. Health Workforce104▲ 67×2 topics
  31. Conflict102▲ 17×6 topics
  32. Health Policy101▲ 18×6 topics
  33. Peacebuilding101▲ 40×3 topics
  34. Democratic Republic of Congo100▲ 164×1 topic
  35. Iraq100▲ 164×1 topic
  36. Health Outcomes92▲ 9.2×8 topics
  37. Physician Migration91▲ 88×1 topic
  38. Rural Health91▲ 88×1 topic
  39. Academic Medicine88▲ 30×3 topics
  40. Medical Ethics88▲ 19×7 topics

What research is done in London?

Healthcare Systems and C…612Healthcare Systems and Challenges: 612 fractional worksHealth Services Management and Policy: 192 fractional worksChild and Adolescent Health: 106 fractional worksHealth and Conflict Studies: 91 fractional worksGlobal Health Workforce …89Global Health Workforce Issues: 89 fractional worksGlobal Public Health Policies and Epidemiology: 73 fractional worksScience, Research, and Medicine: 57 fractional worksDiversity and Career in Medicine: 45 fractional worksHealth Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life: 43 fractional worksBiomedical Ethics and Regulation: 42 fractional works
General Health ProfessionsEmergency Medical ServicesOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementReproductive Medicine3 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Healthcare Systems and Challenges General Health Professions 612 works
  2. 2 Health Services Management and Policy General Health Professions 192 works
  3. 3 Child and Adolescent Health General Health Professions 106 works
  4. 4 Health and Conflict Studies General Health Professions 91 works
  5. 5 Global Health Workforce Issues Emergency Medical Services 89 works
  6. 6 Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management 73 works
  7. 7 Science, Research, and Medicine Reproductive Medicine 57 works
  8. 8 Diversity and Career in Medicine Gender Studies 45 works
  9. 9 Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life Economics and Econometrics 43 works
  10. 10 Biomedical Ethics and Regulation Physiology 42 works

Research output over time

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting20%40%60%London30.3% in 2025all institutions10.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 31.7% in 2006.

Discussion

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