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Subfield · Immunology and Microbiology

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology is a subfield of Immunology and Microbiology. Science Explorer counts 39k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

In short: study of microscopic organisms.

Research works
39k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
3.9k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Topics
2
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+22%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
27% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Which countries lead Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research?

On research quality in 2022-now, the United States, China and the United Kingdom rank highest in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. By volume, the United States and India publish the most (1.8k and 1.1k works in 2022-now).

By research quality, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States #1 all time 0.89× citation excellence · 2.00× journals · 100% breadth 9.6% top 10% · 1.6k works
  2. 2 China #3 all time 1.53× citation excellence · 1.47× journals · 100% breadth 20.5% top 10% · 758 works
  3. 3 United Kingdom #2 all time 1.38× citation excellence · 1.45× journals · 100% breadth 13.5% top 10% · 554 works
  4. 4 France #5 all time 1.12× citation excellence · 1.34× journals · 100% breadth 8.9% top 10% · 270 works
  5. 5 Australia #7 all time 1.30× citation excellence · 1.16× journals · 100% breadth 14.4% top 10% · 226 works
  6. 6 Italy #10 all time 1.84× citation excellence · 0.64× journals · 100% breadth 20.9% top 10% · 257 works
  7. 7 Spain #9 all time 1.21× citation excellence · 0.94× journals · 100% breadth 11.1% top 10% · 266 works
  8. 8 India #12 all time 0.59× citation excellence · 0.34× journals · 100% breadth 6.4% top 10% · 928 works
  9. 9 Saudi Arabia #13 all time 1.25× citation excellence · 0.30× journals · 100% breadth 13.0% top 10% · 219 works
  10. 10 Brazil #14 all time 0.73× citation excellence · 0.37× journals · 100% breadth 5.2% top 10% · 263 works

The track on each row is that row's top-10% rate. The ranking itself is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each place's own topics predict, adds its share of papers in the Nature Index journals, and counts output and breadth too.

Of 15 countries ranked in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. Ranked on the quality score for 2022-now; the bracket is the all-time rank.

All countries ranked in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 1.8k works
  2. 2 India 1.1k works
  3. 3 China 930 works
  4. 4 Indonesia 745 works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 652 works
  6. 6 France 326 works
  7. 7 Brazil 322 works
  8. 8 Spain 315 works
  9. 9 Italy 305 works
  10. 10 Türkiye 273 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 27.1%India: 16.3%China: 13.6%Indonesia: 10.9%6 others listed: 32.1%27%largest
United States1,847 · 27.1%India1,111 · 16.3%China930 · 13.6%Indonesia745 · 10.9%6 others listed2,192 · 32.1%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research?

By volume in 2022-now, All India Institute of Medical Sciences publishes the most Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research, followed by United States Department of Veterans Affairs and University of Oxford.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 All India Institute of Medical SciencesIndia 48 works
  2. 2 United States Department of Veterans AffairsUnited States 45 works
  3. 3 University of OxfordUnited Kingdom 44 works
  4. 4 University of North Carolina at Chapel HillUnited States 41 works
  5. 5 InsermFrance 41 works
  6. 6 Harvard UniversityUnited States 40 works
  7. 7 Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States 38 works
  8. 8 United States Department of Health and Human ServicesUnited States 33 works
  9. 9 Airlangga UniversityIndonesia 31 works
  10. 10 University of TorontoCanada 31 works

Who are the leading researchers in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology?

Counting only their work in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Stephan Harbarth, David L. Paterson and Herman Goossens have the most papers in the world top 10% for their subfield and year beyond the 10% expected.

  1. 1 Stephan Harbarth Switzerland · #74,848 worldwide overall 20.7 of 49 papers here in the top 10%
  2. 2 David L. Paterson Australia · #34,457 worldwide overall 21.8 of 64 papers here in the top 10%
  3. 3 Herman Goossens Belgium · #61,654 worldwide overall 21.9 of 74 papers here in the top 10%
  4. 4 Alison Holmes United Kingdom · #104,254 worldwide overall 19.9 of 66 papers here in the top 10%
  5. 5 Jesús Rodríguez‐Baño Spain · #90,309 worldwide overall 18.1 of 54 papers here in the top 10%
  6. 6 Robert A. Bonomo United States · #79,921 worldwide overall 17.8 of 52 papers here in the top 10%
  7. 7 Mike Sharland United Kingdom · #107,165 worldwide overall 17.0 of 49 papers here in the top 10%
  8. 8 Matteo Bassetti Italy · #111,847 worldwide overall 21.0 of 61 papers here in the top 10%
  9. 9 Ramanan Laxminarayan United States · #57,383 worldwide overall 14.8 of 33 papers here in the top 10%
  10. 10 Marin H. Kollef United States · #37,643 worldwide overall 16.0 of 47 papers here in the top 10%

Ranked on their work in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology alone: how many more of their papers here reached the world top 10% for their subfield and year than the 10% expected, among 219,411 ranked researchers with a paper here. Each paper counts once, so many strong papers outrank one famous one, and a long record of ordinary papers does not climb. Identities come from OpenAlex author disambiguation, which occasionally merges or splits people.

Top 100 Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology researchers

What are the most cited papers in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology?

The most cited paper in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology is "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance" (Anna-Pelagia Magiorakos, Arjun Srinivasan, Roberta B. Carey et al., 2011), with 14,554 citations. Next come "Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis" (6,293) and "Origins and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance" (5,866).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance Anna-Pelagia Magiorakos, Arjun Srinivasan, Roberta B. Carey et al. · Clinical Microbiology and Infection Open access 7 May 2011 14,554
2 Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis Evelina Tacconelli et al. · The Lancet Infectious Diseases Open access 21 Dec 2017 6,293
3 Origins and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance JULIAN E. DAVIES, Dorothy Davies · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews ReviewOpen access 30 Aug 2010 5,866
4 Colorimetric assay of catalase Asru Kumar Sinha · Analytical Biochemistry Jun 1972 5,584
5 Identification of acquired antimicrobial resistance genes Ea Zankari, Henrik Hasman, Salvatore Cosentino et al. · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Open access 10 Jul 2012 5,243
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research done?

The largest centres of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research in 2022-now are London (United Kingdom), Beijing (China), Paris (France) and New Delhi (India). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Gonder.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 LondonUnited Kingdom 187 works
  2. 2 BeijingChina 132 works
  3. 3 ParisFrance 109 works
  4. 4 New DelhiIndia 94 works
  5. 5 RiyadhSaudi Arabia 89 works
  6. 6 DhakaBangladesh 85 works
  7. 7 MadridSpain 83 works
  8. 8 TehranIran 76 works
  9. 9 JakartaIndonesia 75 works
  10. 10 ChennaiIndia 74 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. GonderET · 24.8 works14×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology than the world average.

See Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology on the map

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research by country

The best places for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research inside each country, with that country's researchers and world standing.

Where is the best place to study Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology?

Among universities, judged by research, Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University and University of Oxford score highest, combining standing in the field's ranking, citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 19.29%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →The University of Qu…Johns Hopkins Univer…Harvard UniversityUniversity of Oxford
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Standingthis field's institution ranking, three quarters all time and a quarter 2022-now
50%
Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
20%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
5%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
15%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
5%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
5%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreRank in field (all time)Top 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Harvard UniversityUnited States 79.4- (#1)16.5%1.2×40 -17.7%
2Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States 47.5- (#3)16.9%2.3×38 +7.4%
3University of OxfordUnited Kingdom 34.5-15.0%2.9×44 +5.8%
4The University of QueenslandAustralia 34.0-21.8%3.0×30 +10.7%
5University of GhanaGhana 33.1-20.2%8.2×22 +100.6%
6King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia 32.0-15.6%2.8×29 +43.3%
7Qassim UniversitySaudi Arabia 31.1-25.3%4.9×13 +76.3%
8National University of SingaporeSingapore 29.8-17.4%1.7×22 +65.3%
9London School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineUnited Kingdom 29.8-13.9%12.3×21 -5.0%
10University of ZambiaZambia 29.7-30.3%5.4×8 +79.1%

Universities only. The score blends standing (50%), citation excellence (20%), size (15%), specialisation (5%), growth (5%), international reach (5%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise. Standing is the score in this field's institution ranking, three quarters over all time and a quarter 2022-now; excellence averages the two windows too. Four years alone undercount fields such as AI, where many conference and arXiv papers from 2022 on carry no affiliation in the data.

Every institution in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, country by country

Is Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 22% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Antibiotic Use and Resistance and Tannin, Tannase and Anticancer Activities.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.048% in 2024.

still counting0.020%0.040%0.060%Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology0.052% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology10.3% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

What does Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology include?

Discussion

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