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Institution · Washington D.C. · United States

Federal Reserve

In research, Federal Reserve stands highest in Economics, Econometrics and Finance (#217 of 1,798 worldwide), Economics and Econometrics (#287 of 1,307 worldwide) and Social Sciences (#2,132 of 9,585 worldwide), 2022-now. Relative to its size it is most specialised in Finance, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance and Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Finance is 79.6× its share of world research).

federalreserve.govROR OpenAlex
World rank, 2022-now
#6,779
of 22,385 · #2,822 all time
Rank in United States
#902
of 3,332
Research works
5.3k
▼ 17% vs 2018-21
Citations
198k
37.5 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
13.3%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.90×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
70%
world 40%
International
11%
world 18%
Federal Reserve

What is Federal Reserve known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, 2022-now, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
Economics, Econometrics and FinanceField #217 of 1,798 15.2%377 #84
Economics and EconometricsSubfield #287 of 1,307 14.1%151 #157
Social SciencesDomain #2,132 of 9,585 14.2%507 #922
General Economics, Econometrics and FinanceSubfield #27 of 85 16.2%85 #21
FinanceSubfield #76 of 152 15.9%142 #32
Business, Management and AccountingField #1,757 of 2,581 11.6%68 #844

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where Federal Reserve sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which of those standings moved

The same fields on both windows: where it stood over the whole record, and where it stands in 2022-now. The distance is the story, and it is the one thing the two rank columns above cannot show.

  1. Economics, Econometrics and Finance#84 #217
  2. Economics and Econometrics#157 #287
  3. Social Sciences#922 #2,132
  4. General Economics, Econometrics and Finance#21 #27
  5. Finance#32 #76
  6. Business, Management and Accounting#844 #1,757
all time2022-now, better2022-now, worse

A dot further right is a better standing. Fields it was not ranked in over the whole record are left out.

Which fields of science does Federal Reserve work in?

In 2022-now, 87% of research at Federal Reserve is in Social Sciences, 7% in Physical Sciences. Its largest fields are Economics, Econometrics and Finance (64%), Business, Management and Accounting (12%), Social Sciences (8%). It does 3.5× the world's share of Social Sciences.

Social Sciences: 555 fractional works · 87.2% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 411 fractional works · 64.5% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 165 fractional works · 25.9% of its workFinance: 153 fractional works · 24.1% of its workGeneral Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 92 fractional works · 14.5% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 75 fractional works · 11.7% of its workAccounting: 44 fractional works · 6.9% of its workStrategy and Management: 17 fractional works · 2.7% of its workManagement Information Systems: 7 fractional works · 1.0% of its workMarketing: 5 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSocial Sciences: 51 fractional works · 8.0% of its workSociology and Political Science: 18 fractional works · 2.9% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 7 fractional works · 1.1% of its workDemography: 7 fractional works · 1.1% of its workGender Studies: 5 fractional works · 0.7% of its workEducation: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDevelopment: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPublic Administration: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workLaw: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGeneral Social Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 4 fractional works · 0.6% of its workDecision Sciences: 14 fractional works · 2.1% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 13 fractional works · 2.0% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workArts and Humanities: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPsychology: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhysical Sciences: 48 fractional works · 7.5% of its workComputer Science: 20 fractional works · 3.1% of its workInformation Systems: 10 fractional works · 1.6% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 6 fractional works · 1.0% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEngineering: 8 fractional works · 1.2% of its workBuilding and Construction: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEnvironmental Science: 6 fractional works · 1.0% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 4 fractional works · 0.7% of its workMathematics: 5 fractional works · 0.8% of its workStatistics and Probability: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workModeling and Simulation: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEnergy: 5 fractional works · 0.7% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workChemical Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workMaterials Science: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workChemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workHealth Sciences: 25 fractional works · 3.9% of its workHealth Professions: 14 fractional works · 2.2% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 13 fractional works · 2.0% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMedicine: 10 fractional works · 1.6% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workInfectious Diseases: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 7 fractional works · 1.1% of its workNursing: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workLife Sciences: 9 fractional works · 1.5% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 7 fractional works · 1.1% of its workSoil Science: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workFood Science: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workNeuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workALL ITS WORKFederal Reserve637fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences1%Physical Sciences7%Health Sciences4%Social Sciences87%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 24 fields, with their numbers
    1. Economics, Econometrics and Finance41164.5%
    2. Business, Management and Accounting7511.7%
    3. Social Sciences518.0%
    4. Decision Sciences142.1%
    5. Arts and Humanities30.5%
    6. Psychology20.3%
    1. Computer Science203.1%
    2. Engineering81.2%
    3. Environmental Science61.0%
    4. Mathematics50.8%
    5. Energy50.7%
    6. Physics and Astronomy20.3%
    7. Earth and Planetary Sciences10.1%
    8. Chemical Engineering10.1%
    9. Materials Science00.1%
    10. Chemistry00.0%
    1. Health Professions142.2%
    2. Medicine101.6%
    3. Nursing00.1%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences71.1%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology20.3%
    3. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics00.0%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology00.0%
    5. Neuroscience00.0%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What does Federal Reserve specialise in?

Where its research is concentrated relative to its size: Finance takes 79.6× the share of its output that it takes of world research.

  1. FinanceSubfield · 153.2 works80×
  2. General Economics, Econometrics and FinanceSubfield · 92.2 works58×
  3. Economics, Econometrics and FinanceField · 410.6 works30×
  4. Economics and EconometricsSubfield · 165.2 works16×
  5. AccountingSubfield · 43.9 works11×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient, a volume reading rather than an impact one. It surfaces small, lopsided specialities.

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.22× its world share, 7 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.06× its world share, 2 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.03× its world share, 0 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.01× its world share, 0 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.10× its world share, 0 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.30× its world share, 1 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.02× its world share, 0 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.40× its world share, 20 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.07× its world share, 1 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.79× its world share, 5 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.08× its world share, 8 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.20× its world share, 6 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.01× its world share, 0 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 0.66× its world share, 5 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.14× its world share, 2 worksPhysics and AstronomyHealth Professions: 0.85× its world share, 14 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.08× its world share, 10 worksMedicineNursing: 0.14× its world share, 0 worksNursingArts and Humanities: 0.17× its world share, 3 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 3.64× its world share, 75 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 2.22× its world share, 14 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 30.13× its world share, 411 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 0.10× its world share, 2 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.63× its world share, 51 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Economics, Econometrics and Finance, 30.1×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 24 fields, with their numbers
  1. Economics, Econometrics and Finance30.13×411 works
  2. Business, Management and Accounting3.64×75 works
  3. Decision Sciences2.22×14 works
  4. Health Professions0.85×14 works
  5. Energy0.79×5 works
  6. Mathematics0.66×5 works
  7. Social Sciences0.63×51 works
  8. Computer Science0.40×20 works
  9. Chemical Engineering0.30×1 works
  10. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.22×7 works
  11. Environmental Science0.20×6 works
  12. Arts and Humanities0.17×3 works
  13. Physics and Astronomy0.14×2 works
  14. Nursing0.14×0 works
  15. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics0.10×0 works
  16. Psychology0.10×2 works
  17. Engineering0.08×8 works
  18. Medicine0.08×10 works
  19. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.07×1 works
  20. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.06×2 works
  21. Immunology and Microbiology0.03×0 works
  22. Chemistry0.02×0 works
  23. Neuroscience0.01×0 works
  24. Materials Science0.01×0 works

Who are the top researchers at Federal Reserve?

Ranked on the quality score, John Harold Rogers, Athanasios Orphanides and Timothy H. Hannan lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Federal Reserve.

  1. 1 John Harold Rogers United States · #144,946 worldwide 9.7k citations · 199 works
  2. 2 Athanasios Orphanides United States · #147,882 worldwide 13k citations · 254 works
  3. 3 Timothy H. Hannan United States · #233,558 worldwide 7.9k citations · 109 works
  4. 4 Thomas Laubach United States · #240,514 worldwide 6.4k citations · 125 works
  5. 5 Diana Hancock United States · #247,224 worldwide 4.3k citations · 94 works
  6. 6 Christopher J. Erceg United States · #247,502 worldwide 7.4k citations · 123 works
  7. 7 EDWARD B. NELSON United States · #272,209 worldwide 21k citations · 374 works
  8. 8 Justin R. Pierce United States · #295,879 worldwide 4.2k citations · 87 works
  9. 9 William L. Wascher United States · #302,430 worldwide 6.5k citations · 136 works
  10. 10 Jon Faust United States · #345,608 worldwide 7.1k citations · 112 works
All ranked researchers at Federal Reserve

What are the most cited papers from Federal Reserve?

The most cited paper from Federal Reserve is "Empirical exchange rate models of the seventies" (Richard A. Meese, Kenneth Rogoff, 1983), with 4,229 citations. Next come "The economics of small business finance: The roles of private equity and debt markets in the financial growth cycle" (3,765) and "Efficiency of financial institutions: International survey and directions for future research" (3,510).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Empirical exchange rate models of the seventies Richard A. Meese, Kenneth Rogoff · Journal of International Economics Feb 1983 4,229
2 The economics of small business finance: The roles of private equity and debt markets in the financial growth cycle Allen N. Berger, Gregory F. Udell · Journal of Banking & Finance Open access Aug 1998 3,765
3 Efficiency of financial institutions: International survey and directions for future research Allen N. Berger, David Burras Humphrey · European Journal of Operational Research Open access Apr 1997 3,510
4 Big Bad Banks? The Winners and Losers from Bank Deregulation in the United States Thorsten Beck, Ross Eric Levine, Alexey Levkov · The Journal of Finance 21 Sep 2010 3,375
5 Salience and Taxation: Theory and Evidence Raj Chetty, Adam Looney, Kory Kroft · American Economic Review Open access Aug 2009 2,811
All 59 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Federal Reserve?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Monetary Policy, Economic Growth, Liquidity, Regulation, Fiscal Policy, Structural Change, Finance and Banking.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Monetary Policy164▲ 109×12 topics
  2. Economic Growth130▲ 25×20 topics
  3. Liquidity86▲ 183×3 topics
  4. Regulation76▲ 22×9 topics
  5. Fiscal Policy73▲ 56×7 topics
  6. Structural Change72▲ 179×2 topics
  7. Finance61▲ 52×3 topics
  8. Banking58▲ 217×1 topic
  9. Credit58▲ 217×1 topic
  10. Panel Data Analysis48▲ 49×3 topics
  11. Financial Development47▲ 50×2 topics
  12. Capital Flows46▲ 208×2 topics
  13. Business Cycles46▲ 194×1 topic
  14. Interest Rates46▲ 194×1 topic
  15. Exchange Rate Regimes41▲ 225×1 topic
  16. Financial Integration41▲ 217×1 topic
  17. Financial Crisis41▲ 57×10 topics
  18. Economic Development37▲ 7.3×22 topics
  19. Consumer Behavior36▲ 9.1×6 topics
  20. Asset Pricing35▲ 64×3 topics
  21. Corporate Governance34▲ 7.2×16 topics
  22. Inequality32▲ 22×8 topics
  23. Income Inequality32▲ 35×7 topics
  24. Financial Stability30▲ 25×5 topics
  25. Risk Management30▲ 10.0×14 topics
  26. Urban Development30▲ 13×2 topics
  27. Housing Supply29▲ 133×1 topic
  28. Mortgage Credit Expansion29▲ 133×1 topic
  29. Stock Market29▲ 20×3 topics
  30. Industrialization27▲ 73×2 topics
  31. Aggregate Demand26▲ 156×1 topic
  32. Income Distribution26▲ 132×1 topic
  33. Labor Market25▲ 14×11 topics
  34. Investment Decisions24▲ 31×3 topics
  35. Asset Allocation24▲ 86×2 topics
  36. Financialization24▲ 40×2 topics
  37. International Trade24▲ 26×8 topics
  38. Behavioral Economics21▲ 60×2 topics
  39. Competitive Economy19▲ 144×1 topic
  40. Monetary Equilibrium19▲ 144×1 topic

Which research topics does Federal Reserve publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Banking stability, regulation, efficiency, Monetary Policy and Economic Impact, Global Financial Crisis and Policies and Housing Market and Economics.

Banking stability, regulation, efficiency: 58 fractional worksMonetary Policy and Economic Impact: 46 fractional worksGlobal Financial Crisis and Policies: 41 fractional worksHousing Market and Economics: 29 fractional worksEconomic Theory and Policy: 26 fractional worksFinancial Literacy, Pens…19Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis: 19 fractional worksEconomic theories and models: 19 fractional worksMarket Dynamics and Volatility: 16 fractional worksFinancial Markets and Investment Strategies: 16 fractional worksInsurance and Financial Risk Management: 15 fractional works
FinanceGeneral Economics, Econometrics and FinanceEconomics and EconometricsAccounting

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Banking stability, regulation, efficiency Finance 58 works
  2. 2 Monetary Policy and Economic Impact General Economics, Econometrics and Finance 46 works
  3. 3 Global Financial Crisis and Policies Finance 41 works
  4. 4 Housing Market and Economics Economics and Econometrics 29 works
  5. 5 Economic Theory and Policy General Economics, Econometrics and Finance 26 works
  6. 6 Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis Accounting 19 works
  7. 7 Economic theories and models Economics and Econometrics 19 works
  8. 8 Market Dynamics and Volatility Economics and Econometrics 16 works
  9. 9 Financial Markets and Investment Strategies Finance 16 works
  10. 10 Insurance and Financial Risk Management Economics and Econometrics 15 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available70.3%not open29.7%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors11.1%domestic only88.9%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Federal Reserve's research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 17% lower than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Federal Reserve as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0026% in 2024.

still counting0.0050%0.010%0.015%Federal Reserve0.0025% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Federal Reserve over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting10%20%30%Federal Reserve10.5% in 2025all institutions10.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 21.8% in 1993.

Other research institutions in Washington D.C.

All research institutions in Washington D.C.

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Federal Reserve on Science Explorer

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