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Topic · Control and Systems Engineering

Engineering and Test Systems

Engineering and Test Systems is a research topic within Control and Systems Engineering. Science Explorer counts 11k research works in it since 1950. 9.8% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on fault diagnosis in complex systems, particularly in the aerospace domain. It covers topics such as sequential testing algorithms, hidden Markov models, testability analysis, built-in test (BIT), dynamic multiple fault diagnosis, system health management, and avionics maintenance.

  • Fault Diagnosis
  • Sequential Testing Algorithms
  • Hidden Markov Models
  • Testability Analysis
  • Aerospace Systems
  • Built-In Test (BIT)
  • Dynamic Multiple Fault Diagnosis
  • System Health Management
  • Avionics Maintenance
  • Graph-Based Systems
Research works
11k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
1.1k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.8%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+66%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
62% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Engineering and Test Systems

Which countries lead Engineering and Test Systems research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (697 and 174 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 697 works
  2. 2 United States 174 works
  3. 3 India 82 works
  4. 4 Germany 47 works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 28 works
  6. 6 Italy 22 works
  7. 7 South Korea 21 works
  8. 8 France 21 works
  9. 9 Japan 19 works
  10. 10 Türkiye 16 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 61.7%United States: 15.4%India: 7.3%Germany: 4.2%6 others listed: 11.3%62%largest
China697 · 61.7%United States174 · 15.4%India82 · 7.3%Germany47 · 4.2%6 others listed128 · 11.3%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Engineering and Test Systems research?

By volume in 2022-now, Chinese Academy of Sciences publishes the most Engineering and Test Systems research, followed by Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (China) and University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 27 works
  2. 2 Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (China)China 26 works
  3. 3 University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChina 20 works
  4. 4 China Aerospace Science and Technology CorporationChina 18 works
  5. 5 Beihang UniversityChina 18 works
  6. 6 Harbin Institute of TechnologyChina 17 works
  7. 7 China Southern Power Grid (China)China 13 works
  8. 8 Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsChina 13 works
  9. 9 Defence Research and Development OrganisationIndia 12 works
  10. 10 Xi'an Aeronautical UniversityChina 11 works

Who are the leading researchers in Engineering and Test Systems?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Engineering and Test Systems include John Bannister Goodenough and Han Zhang.

  1. 1 John Bannister Goodenough United States 175k citations
  2. 2 Han Zhang China 161k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Engineering and Test Systems?

The most cited paper in Engineering and Test Systems is "Condition monitoring of wind turbines: Techniques and methods" (Fausto Pedro Garcı́a Márquez, Andrew Mark Tobias, Jesús María Pinar-Pérez et al., 2012), with 876 citations. Next come "A Two's Complement Parallel Array Multiplication Algorithm" (648) and "Separating Reliability and Stability in Test-Retest Correlation" (592).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Condition monitoring of wind turbines: Techniques and methods Fausto Pedro Garcı́a Márquez, Andrew Mark Tobias, Jesús María Pinar-Pérez et al. · Renewable Energy Open access 4 Apr 2012 876
2 A Two's Complement Parallel Array Multiplication Algorithm C.R. Baugh, B.A. Wooley · IEEE Transactions on Computers Dec 1973 648
3 Separating Reliability and Stability in Test-Retest Correlation David R. Heise · American Sociological Review Feb 1969 592
4 A Survey on Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis—Part I: Components and Subsystems Wei Qiao, Dingguo Lu · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 10 Apr 2015 535
5 Survey of Test Vector Compression Techniques Nur A. Touba · IEEE Design & Test of Computers Apr 2006 440
All 97 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Engineering and Test Systems research done?

The largest centres of Engineering and Test Systems research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Xi'an (China) and Nanjing (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Xi'an, Harbin and Beijing.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 187 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 70 works
  3. 3 Xi'anChina 53 works
  4. 4 NanjingChina 43 works
  5. 5 ChengduChina 35 works
  6. 6 GuangzhouChina 29 works
  7. 7 HarbinChina 26 works
  8. 8 WuhanChina 22 works
  9. 9 ChangshaChina 19 works
  10. 10 ChongqingChina 15 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. Xi'anCN · 53.3 works5.3×
  2. HarbinCN · 26.4 works5.1×
  3. BeijingCN · 186.8 works4.3×
  4. ShanghaiCN · 69.7 works4.1×
  5. ChengduCN · 34.5 works4.0×
  6. NanjingCN · 43.3 works3.4×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Engineering and Test Systems than the world average.

See Engineering and Test Systems on the map

Where is the best place to study Engineering and Test Systems?

Among universities, judged by research, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Beihang University and Harbin Institute of Technology score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%mean 10.625%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →University of Electr…Beihang UniversityHarbin Institute of …Nanjing University o…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChina 100.016.8%16.0×20 +134.3%
2Beihang UniversityChina 86.414.6%14.3×18 +59.9%
3Harbin Institute of TechnologyChina 81.213.4%9.4×18 +95.0%
4Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsChina 66.812.5%12.8×13 +24.1%
5Beijing Jiaotong UniversityChina 49.510.2%12.0×8 +439.6%
6National University of Defense TechnologyChina 47.111.2%11.7×10 -15.6%
7Xi'an Aeronautical UniversityChina 33.50.0%260.3×11 +105.7%
8Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityChina 31.26.3%7.0×9 +21.7%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Engineering and Test Systems, country by country

Is Engineering and Test Systems research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 66% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2002. The fastest-growing topics are Engineering and Test Systems.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Engineering and Test Systems as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0061% in 2024.

still counting0.020%0.040%0.060%Engineering and Test Systems0.0076% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Engineering and Test Systems over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Engineering and Test Systems9.8% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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