Fluoride Effects and Removal
Fluoride Effects and Removal is a research topic within Water Science and Technology. Science Explorer counts 16k research works in it since 1950. 19.4% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.
This cluster of papers focuses on the contamination of drinking water by fluoride and various methods for its removal, including adsorption and defluoridation. The papers cover topics such as fluoride toxicity, environmental impact, groundwater contamination, health effects, and the use of different materials and technologies for removing fluoride from water.
- Fluoride
- Drinking Water
- Defluoridation
- Adsorption
- Toxicity
- Groundwater
- Removal
- Health Effects
- Sorption
- Environmental Impact
- Research works
- 16k fractional, since 1950
- In the world top 10%
- 3.1k per year above
- Top-10% rate
- 19.4% share of its works in the world top 10%
- Growth, 2013–17 → 2018–22
- +19% the tick is no change
Which countries lead Fluoride Effects and Removal research?
By volume, China and India publish the most (788 and 460 works in 2022–2025).
By volume, 2022–2025
- 1 China 788 works
- 2 India 460 works
- 3 United States 290 works
- 4 Brazil 90 works
- 5 Mexico 57 works
- 6 South Korea 53 works
- 7 United Kingdom 52 works
- 8 Iran 52 works
- 9 Japan 50 works
- 10 Türkiye 49 works
How concentrated that is
The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.
Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.
Which institutions lead Fluoride Effects and Removal research?
By volume in 2022–2025, Chinese Academy of Sciences publishes the most Fluoride Effects and Removal research, followed by China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and Kunming University of Science and Technology.
By volume, 2022–2025
- 1 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 12 works
- 2 China University of Geosciences (Beijing)China 12 works
- 3 Kunming University of Science and TechnologyChina 11 works
- 4 Guiyang Medical UniversityChina 11 works
- 5 Shanxi Agricultural UniversityChina 10 works
- 6 Central South UniversityChina 10 works
- 7 China University of GeosciencesChina 10 works
- 8 Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyChina 9 works
- 9 Zhengzhou UniversityChina 9 works
- 10 China Geological SurveyChina 8 works
Who are the leading researchers in Fluoride Effects and Removal?
The most-cited researchers publishing on Fluoride Effects and Removal include Falk Schwendicke and Kurt Binder.
- 1 Falk Schwendicke Germany 3.9k citations
- 2 Kurt Binder Germany 3.5k citations
Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.
Where is Fluoride Effects and Removal research done?
The largest centres of Fluoride Effects and Removal research in 2022–2025 are Beijing (China), Nanjing (China), Wuhan (China) and Shanghai (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Guiyang.
Largest cities, 2022–2025
Where it is the local speciality
- GuiyangCN · 25.9 works7.4×
Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Fluoride Effects and Removal than the world average.
Where is the best place to study Fluoride Effects and Removal?
Among universities, judged by research, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), China University of Geosciences and Shanxi Agricultural University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.
One dot per university in the table below. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.
| # | University | Score | Top 10% | Specialisation | Works | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China University of Geosciences (Beijing)China | 74.1 | 29.9% | 14.9× | 12 | -19.8% |
| 2 | China University of GeosciencesChina | 66.4 | 36.1% | 8.0× | 10 | -18.6% |
| 3 | Shanxi Agricultural UniversityChina | 64.9 | 17.3% | 30.4× | 10 | +34.8% |
| 4 | Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyChina | 60.6 | 21.3% | 11.2× | 9 | +30.4% |
| 5 | Guiyang Medical UniversityChina | 45.2 | 4.7% | 30.6× | 11 | -14.1% |
| 6 | Kunming University of Science and TechnologyChina | 44.2 | 16.7% | 7.3× | 11 | -54.0% |
| 7 | King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia | 43.1 | 31.2% | 3.4× | 8 | -36.0% |
| 8 | Central South UniversityChina | 41.9 | 22.4% | 2.3× | 10 | +5.0% |
| 9 | Zhengzhou UniversityChina | 19.4 | 13.1% | 3.9× | 9 | -73.0% |
Universities only. Score blends excellence (30%), specialisation (25%), size (20%), growth (15%) and international reach (10%), 2015–2022; growth compares 2010–14 with 2015–19.
Is Fluoride Effects and Removal research growing?
Output in 2018–2022 was 19% higher than in 2013–2017, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Fluoride Effects and Removal.
The same series as a ribbon — one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.
Which topics inside it are moving
Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.