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Topic · Political Science and International Relations

International Science and Diplomacy

International Science and Diplomacy is a research topic within Political Science and International Relations. Science Explorer counts 8.4k research works in it since 1950. 10.1% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers explores the intersection of science, technology, and foreign affairs, with a focus on science diplomacy, national approaches to S&T policies, innovation diplomacy, and the impact of research infrastructures on international relations. It delves into the role of biomedical research, governance in networks, and the economic impact of technological procurement. The papers also discuss the challenges and opportunities in global collaboration and highlight the importance of diplomatic knowledge in shaping science and technology policies.

  • Science Diplomacy
  • S&T Policies
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Innovation Diplomacy
  • Research Infrastructures
  • International Relations
  • Global Collaboration
  • Biomedical Research
  • National Approaches
  • Diplomatic Knowledge
Research works
8.4k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
849
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.1%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+40%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
25% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
International Science and Diplomacy

Which countries lead International Science and Diplomacy research?

By volume, the United States and Russia publish the most (338 and 246 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 338 works
  2. 2 Russia 246 works
  3. 3 Ukraine 214 works
  4. 4 Germany 139 works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 122 works
  6. 6 Switzerland 89 works
  7. 7 China 66 works
  8. 8 France 62 works
  9. 9 Italy 58 works
  10. 10 Slovakia 44 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 24.6%Russia: 17.8%Ukraine: 15.5%Germany: 10.1%6 others listed: 32.0%25%largest
United States338 · 24.6%Russia246 · 17.8%Ukraine214 · 15.5%Germany139 · 10.1%6 others listed441 · 32.0%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead International Science and Diplomacy research?

By volume in 2022-now, Russian Academy of Sciences publishes the most International Science and Diplomacy research, followed by Slovak Academy of Sciences and University of Zurich.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 90 works
  2. 2 Slovak Academy of SciencesSlovakia 39 works
  3. 3 University of ZurichSwitzerland 26 works
  4. 4 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 23 works
  5. 5 National Academy of Sciences of UkraineUkraine 20 works
  6. 6 European Organization for Nuclear ResearchSwitzerland 19 works
  7. 7 Weatherford CollegeUnited States 14 works
  8. 8 University of BernSwitzerland 14 works
  9. 9 Helmholtz Association of German Research CentresGermany 13 works
  10. 10 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 11 works

Who are the leading researchers in International Science and Diplomacy?

The most-cited researchers publishing on International Science and Diplomacy include Martin McKee, M. Weber and P. Jackson.

  1. 1 Martin McKee United Kingdom 270k citations
  2. 2 M. Weber Israel 267k citations
  3. 3 P. Jackson France 230k citations
  4. 4 A. Meyer France 224k citations
  5. 5 E. Rossi France 221k citations
  6. 6 L. Li France 211k citations
  7. 7 A. J. Beddall France 211k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in International Science and Diplomacy?

The most cited paper in International Science and Diplomacy is "Evidence for the 2 π Decay of the K 2 0 Meson" (J. H. Christenson, J. W. Cronin, Val L. Fitch et al., 1964), with 2,321 citations. Next come "Review of Particle Physics" (2,195) and "String theory dynamics in various dimensions" (2,111).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Evidence for the 2 π Decay of the K 2 0 Meson J. H. Christenson, J. W. Cronin, Val L. Fitch et al. · Physical Review Letters 27 Jul 1964 2,321
2 Review of Particle Physics R. M. Barnett et al. · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields Open access Jul 1996 2,195
3 String theory dynamics in various dimensions Edward Witten · Nuclear Physics B Open access Jun 1995 2,111
4 Minimal flavour violation: an effective field theory approach G. D'Ambrosio, G.F. Giudice, G. Isidori et al. · Nuclear Physics B Open access Nov 2002 1,435
5 Constituent quarks and g 1 Steven D. Bass · The European Physical Journal A Open access May 1999 1,183
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is International Science and Diplomacy research done?

The largest centres of International Science and Diplomacy research in 2022-now are Moscow (Russia), Kyiv (Ukraine), Bratislava (Slovakia) and Zurich (Switzerland). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Bratislava, Kyiv and Geneva.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 MoscowRussia 136 works
  2. 2 KyivUkraine 89 works
  3. 3 BratislavaSlovakia 42 works
  4. 4 ZurichSwitzerland 33 works
  5. 5 BeijingChina 27 works
  6. 6 ParisFrance 26 works
  7. 7 LondonUnited Kingdom 26 works
  8. 8 GenevaSwitzerland 26 works
  9. 9 KharkivUkraine 24 works
  10. 10 Saint PetersburgRussia 21 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. BratislavaSK · 41.8 works25×
  2. KyivUA · 89.3 works16×
  3. GenevaCH · 25.6 works15×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in International Science and Diplomacy than the world average.

See International Science and Diplomacy on the map

Where is the best place to study International Science and Diplomacy?

Among universities, judged by research, University of Zurich, Berdyansk State Pedagogical University and University of Bern score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 12.6111%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Berdyansk State Peda…University of OxfordUniversity of BernUniversity of Zurich
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1University of ZurichSwitzerland 59.90.7%21.1×26 +1118.4%
2Berdyansk State Pedagogical UniversityUkraine 57.546.6%251.3×9 -
3University of BernSwitzerland 43.12.9%14.2×14 +125.7%
4University of OxfordUnited Kingdom 37.721.9%4.4×11 +137.6%
5Weatherford CollegeUnited States 35.79.5%6.1×14 +364.9%
6Taras Shevchenko National University of KyivUkraine 33.015.8%20.0×10 +54.5%
7Moscow State Institute of International RelationsRussia 31.07.3%37.9×11 +105.3%
8Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussia 30.10.5%7.3×11 +160.7%
9University of BonnGermany 26.98.3%11.0×9 -

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in International Science and Diplomacy, country by country

Is International Science and Diplomacy research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 40% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are International Science and Diplomacy.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is International Science and Diplomacy as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0078% in 2024.

still counting0.010%0.020%International Science and Diplomacy0.0080% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of International Science and Diplomacy over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%International Science and Diplomacy10.7% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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