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Topic · Computational Theory and Mathematics

Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata

Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata is a research topic within Computational Theory and Mathematics. Science Explorer counts 9.4k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the design, simulation, and implementation of Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) for molecular computing and nanotechnology applications. It covers topics such as logic design, fault tolerance, adder circuits, clocking schemes, power dissipation analysis, and reversible logic. The research explores the potential of QCA as an alternative computing paradigm at the nanoscale.

  • Quantum-dot Cellular Automata
  • QCA
  • Molecular Computing
  • Nanotechnology
  • Logic Design
  • Fault Tolerance
  • Adder Circuits
  • Clocking Schemes
  • Power Dissipation Analysis
  • Reversible Logic
Research works
9.4k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
937
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+55%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
India
30% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata

Which countries lead Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata research?

By volume, India and China publish the most (673 and 558 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 India 673 works
  2. 2 China 558 works
  3. 3 United States 419 works
  4. 4 Japan 119 works
  5. 5 Germany 100 works
  6. 6 United Kingdom 87 works
  7. 7 Iran 80 works
  8. 8 South Korea 78 works
  9. 9 Italy 66 works
  10. 10 Canada 58 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

India: 30.1%China: 24.9%United States: 18.7%Japan: 5.3%6 others listed: 21.0%30%largest
India673 · 30.1%China558 · 24.9%United States419 · 18.7%Japan119 · 5.3%6 others listed470 · 21.0%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata research?

By volume in 2022-now, Chinese Academy of Sciences publishes the most Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata research, followed by Islamic Azad University, Tehran and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 34 works
  2. 2 Islamic Azad University, TehranIran 23 works
  3. 3 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 21 works
  4. 4 SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyIndia 19 works
  5. 5 National University of SingaporeSingapore 19 works
  6. 6 Technical University of MunichGermany 18 works
  7. 7 Hefei University of TechnologyChina 17 works
  8. 8 Vellore Institute of Technology UniversityIndia 15 works
  9. 9 Delft University of TechnologyNetherlands 14 works
  10. 10 Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 13 works

Who are the leading researchers in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata include Wei Huang, Ben Zhong Tang and Kenji Watanabe.

  1. 1 Wei Huang China 267k citations
  2. 2 Ben Zhong Tang China 261k citations
  3. 3 Kenji Watanabe Japan 237k citations
  4. 4 Takashi Taniguchi Japan 227k citations
  5. 5 Lei Jiang China 214k citations
  6. 6 Frede Blaabjerg Denmark 203k citations
  7. 7 Hongjie Dai United States 189k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata?

The most cited paper in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata is "Quantum computation with quantum dots" (Daniel Loss, David P. DiVincenzo, 1998), with 6,904 citations. Next come "Mixed-state entanglement and quantum error correction" (5,429) and "Elementary gates for quantum computation" (4,417).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Quantum computation with quantum dots Daniel Loss, David P. DiVincenzo · Physical Review A Open access 1998 6,904
2 Mixed-state entanglement and quantum error correction Charles H. Bennett, David P. DiVincenzo, John A. Smolin et al. · Physical Review A Open access Nov 1996 5,429
3 Elementary gates for quantum computation Adriano Barenco, Charles H. Bennett, Richard Cleve et al. · Physical Review A Open access Nov 1995 4,417
4 Half-metallic graphene nanoribbons Young‐Woo Son, Marvin L. Cohen, Steven G. Louie · Nature Open access 15 Nov 2006 4,230
5 Variational quantum algorithms M. Cerezo, Andrew Arrasmith, Ryan Babbush et al. · Nature Reviews Physics ReviewOpen access 12 Aug 2021 3,280
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata research done?

The largest centres of Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Chennai (India), Seoul (South Korea) and Hefei (China).

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 123 works
  2. 2 ChennaiIndia 54 works
  3. 3 SeoulSouth Korea 44 works
  4. 4 HefeiChina 43 works
  5. 5 TokyoJapan 42 works
  6. 6 BengaluruIndia 41 works
  7. 7 SingaporeSingapore 38 works
  8. 8 NanjingChina 37 works
  9. 9 ShanghaiChina 37 works
  10. 10 KolkataIndia 35 works
See Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata on the map

Where is the best place to study Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata?

Among universities, judged by research, Technical University of Munich, Delft University of Technology and National University of Singapore score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 16%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Delft University of …Technical University…Nanyang Technologica…National University …
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Technical University of MunichGermany 77.221.9%8.4×18 +775.2%
2Delft University of TechnologyNetherlands 76.922.8%8.5×14 +36.8%
3National University of SingaporeSingapore 63.16.4%6.2×18 +526.4%
4Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 62.014.3%6.4×13 +52.7%
5University of WaterlooCanada 60.518.3%6.3×9 +23.6%
6Peking UniversityChina 58.628.9%1.8×9 +161.1%
7Islamic Azad University, TehranIran 57.710.3%5.6×23 -55.4%
8Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityIndia 54.819.1%93.1×10 +14.0%
9Tsinghua UniversityChina 50.015.2%2.2×13 +71.3%
10SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyIndia 47.52.8%7.4×19 +143.0%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata, country by country

Is Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 55% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.012% in 2024.

still counting0.0050%0.010%0.015%Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata0.014% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata9.9% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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