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Madagascar vs North Macedonia

On research quality in 2022-now, North Macedonia ranks #119 in the world and Madagascar #122, of 189 countries. Madagascar stands higher in 2 of the 12 fields both publish in, North Macedonia in 10.

Research profiles alike: 0.21somewhat alike shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Madagascar

World rank, 2022-now
#122
#123 all time
Works, 2022-now
1.6k
fractional
Top-10% rate
4.9%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
65%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Horticulture, Developmental Biology, Forestry.

North Macedonia

World rank, 2022-now
#119
#144 all time
Works, 2022-now
7.9k
fractional
Top-10% rate
5.5%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
63%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: General Energy, Finance, Medical Laboratory Technology.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Madagascar leads on 4 of 9 measures: excellence for its fields, citations per work, open access and international co-authorship. North Macedonia leads on 4 of 9 measures: research quality, output, top-10% rate and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Madagascar 41 level4 North Macedonia
  1. #122Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#119
  2. 0.67×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.53×
  3. 1.6kOutputfractional works, 2022-now7.9k
  4. 4.9%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited5.5%
  5. 10.3Citations per workall time, per fractional work7.4
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 65%Open accessof its works free to read, all time63%
  8. 42%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time38%
  9. +24%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+25%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Madagascar stands higher in 2 of 12 fields, North Macedonia in 10. Madagascar leads most in Medicine (#98 against #141). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Madagascar 210 North Macedonia
  1. #93Agricultural and Biological Sciences#113
  2. -Arts and Humanities#75
  3. -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#95
  4. -Business, Management and Accounting#79
  5. -Computer Science#79
  6. -Economics, Econometrics and Finance#85
  7. -Engineering#85
  8. -Environmental Science#116
  9. -Health Professions#97
  10. #98Medicine#141
  11. -Psychology#90
  12. -Social Sciences#103

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Madagascar rankNorth Macedonia rank Madagascar top 10%North Macedonia top 10% Madagascar worksNorth Macedonia works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #93 #113 6.7% 4.6% 208 358
Arts and Humanities - #75 - 7.3% - 369
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - #95 - 3.9% - 246
Business, Management and Accounting - #79 - 7.3% - 472
Computer Science - #79 - 5.6% - 689
Economics, Econometrics and Finance - #85 - 6.3% - 489
Engineering - #85 - 4.9% - 865
Environmental Science - #116 - 5.1% - 324
Health Professions - #97 - 4.8% - 233
Medicine #98 #141 4.0% 3.3% 440 1.3k
Psychology - #90 - 7.5% - 245
Social Sciences - #103 - 6.8% - 1.4k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Madagascar

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology174▲ 2.2×117 topics
  2. Climate Change162▲ 3.0×81 topics
  3. Sustainability85▲ 1.76×71 topics
  4. Smallholder Farmers62▲ 15×6 topics
  5. Public Health61▲ 2.1×46 topics
  6. Biodiversity57▲ 3.8×31 topics
  7. Environmental Impact53▲ 1.58×49 topics
  8. Sustainable Development49▲ 1.57×47 topics
  9. Treatment47▲ 1.96×39 topics
  10. Diagnosis46▲ 2.5×36 topics
  11. Biodiversity Conservation45▲ 6.1×14 topics
  12. Adaptation44▲ 7.5×10 topics
  13. Population Dynamics43▲ 8.4×12 topics
  14. Evolution41▲ 7.7×16 topics
  15. Immune Response38▲ 3.4×18 topics
  16. Diversity38▲ 11×6 topics
  17. Genetic Diversity38▲ 4.4×21 topics
  18. Global Burden37▲ 3.4×12 topics
  19. Agroecology36▲ 13×4 topics
  20. Invasive Species35▲ 4.2×20 topics
  21. Livestock Farming35▲ 30×3 topics
  22. Habitat Fragmentation34▲ 8.0×5 topics
  23. Vaccine33▲ 4.2×11 topics
  24. Agricultural Development33▲ 11×3 topics
  25. Multifunctionality33▲ 36×2 topics
  26. Work Organization33▲ 43×1 topic
  27. Conservation32▲ 3.8×18 topics
  28. Vaccine Development32▲ 6.3×11 topics
  29. Sustainable Agriculture31▲ 5.1×10 topics
  30. Altruism30▲ 18×5 topics
  31. Conservation Biology28▲ 13×4 topics
  32. Agroforestry24▲ 18×4 topics
  33. Biodiversity Loss23▲ 21×3 topics
  34. Cognition22▲ 7.8×2 topics
  35. Social Behavior22▲ 19×2 topics
  36. Cooperation22▲ 17×3 topics
  37. Intelligence22▲ 26×1 topic
  38. Primates22▲ 57×1 topic
  39. Climate Resilience22▲ 18×3 topics
  40. Nutritional Value21▲ 9.6×4 topics

North Macedonia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization362▲ 2.0×138 topics
  2. Machine Learning343◆ 1.13×91 topics
  3. Sustainability335▲ 1.50×113 topics
  4. Sustainable Development292▲ 2.0×87 topics
  5. Epidemiology282▼ 0.78×135 topics
  6. Deep Learning269▼ 0.86×78 topics
  7. Climate Change267◆ 1.08×117 topics
  8. Economic Growth244▲ 3.3×33 topics
  9. Renewable Energy207▲ 1.57×55 topics
  10. Artificial Intelligence206▲ 1.58×54 topics
  11. Innovation175▲ 1.86×68 topics
  12. Social Media171▲ 1.36×38 topics
  13. Human Rights160▲ 1.72×75 topics
  14. Identity149▲ 2.3×58 topics
  15. Healthcare146▲ 1.41×36 topics
  16. Big Data144▲ 1.65×31 topics
  17. Economic Development142▲ 1.95×46 topics
  18. Supply Chain Management135▲ 1.65×25 topics
  19. Energy Efficiency132▲ 1.57×41 topics
  20. Security124▲ 2.0×26 topics
  21. Social Capital123▲ 2.6×19 topics
  22. Financial Performance119▲ 2.3×16 topics
  23. Regional Development116▲ 3.7×20 topics
  24. Nationalism115▲ 2.8×29 topics
  25. Religion108▲ 2.6×32 topics
  26. Ethnicity106▲ 3.1×21 topics
  27. Environmental Management95▲ 2.5×17 topics
  28. Balkans88▲ 42×2 topics
  29. Conflict82▲ 5.5×11 topics
  30. European Union79▲ 3.9×23 topics
  31. Global Governance79▲ 3.6×22 topics
  32. Fiscal Policy76▲ 4.1×10 topics
  33. Small and Medium Enterprises72▲ 4.4×8 topics
  34. Innovation Management69▲ 4.9×10 topics
  35. Geopolitics68▲ 5.0×11 topics
  36. Eastern Europe64▲ 13×3 topics
  37. Post-war63▲ 59×1 topic
  38. Yugoslavia63▲ 59×1 topic
  39. Rural Tourism60▲ 21×3 topics
  40. Leadership Emergence59▲ 47×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

North Macedonia has out-published Madagascar every year since 1991, when it overtook it.

still counting1k2k3kNorth Macedonia2,303 in 2025Madagascar444 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.020%0.040%North Macedonia0.039% in 2025Madagascar0.0076% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Madagascar6.1% in 2025North Macedonia5.9% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Madagascar 05 level0 North Macedonia
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Madagascar or North Macedonia?

North Macedonia publishes 4.8× as much research as Madagascar in 2022-now (7.9k against 1.6k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Madagascar or North Macedonia?

5.5% of North Macedonia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 4.9% for Madagascar.

Is Madagascar or North Macedonia growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +25% against 2018-21 for North Macedonia, and +24% for Madagascar.

Which has more open access research, Madagascar or North Macedonia?

65% of Madagascar's research is free to read, against 63% of North Macedonia's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Madagascar or North Macedonia?

Madagascar holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and North Macedonia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Madagascar

  1. 1University of Antananarivo3.7% top 10% · 680 works
  2. 2Université de Fianarantsoa2.0% top 10% · 126 works
  3. 3Université de Mahajanga3.3% top 10% · 106 works
  4. 4University of Toliara4.7% top 10% · 80 works
  5. 5Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developpement Rural9.8% top 10% · 71 works
  6. 6Université d’Antsiranana2.5% top 10% · 64 works

North Macedonia

  1. 1MIT University9.5% top 10% · 1.5k works
  2. 2South East European University7.4% top 10% · 504 works
  3. 3Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts9.9% top 10% · 193 works
  4. 4Goce Delcev University2.8% top 10% · 684 works
  5. 5University "St. Kliment Ohridski" - Bitola5.2% top 10% · 505 works
  6. 6State University of Tetova4.9% top 10% · 350 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Madagascar

  1. 1 O. Sarobidy Rakotonarivo #151,541 worldwide 1.7k citations · 59 works
  2. 2 Chantal Radimilahy #278,586 worldwide 2.1k citations · 51 works
  3. 3 Jonah Ratsimbazafy #334,732 worldwide 4k citations · 112 works
  4. 4 Jean‐Michel Héraud #497,740 worldwide 7.2k citations · 222 works
  5. 5 Patrice Piola #621,069 worldwide 3.7k citations · 128 works

North Macedonia

  1. 1 Kimet Jusufi #21,685 worldwide 6.4k citations · 174 works
  2. 2 Biljana Gjoneska #24,126 worldwide 3.9k citations · 166 works
  3. 3 Veland Ramadani #65,215 worldwide 6.8k citations · 361 works
  4. 4 Gadaf Rexhepi #213,078 worldwide 1.8k citations · 101 works
  5. 5 Sasko A. Kedev #225,524 worldwide 22k citations · 299 works