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Natural Selection (United States)

In research, Natural Selection (United States) stands highest in Physical Sciences (#8,158 of 17,446 worldwide), over all time.

natural-selection.comROR OpenAlex
World rank, all time
#16,250
of 34,923
Rank in United States
#3,370
of 7,310
Research works
293
▼ 23% vs 2018-21
Citations
12k
41.3 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
10.9%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
1.12×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
28%
world 40%
International
15%
world 18%
Natural Selection (United States)

What is Natural Selection (United States) known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, over all time, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorks
Physical SciencesDomain #8,158 of 17,446 9.1%151

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where Natural Selection (United States) sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which fields of science does Natural Selection (United States) work in?

In 2022-now, 43% of research at Natural Selection (United States) is in Physical Sciences, 24% in Life Sciences. Its largest fields are Physics and Astronomy (29%), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (14%), Medicine (11%). It does 1.4× the world's share of Life Sciences.

Physical Sciences: 13 fractional works · 42.8% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 8 fractional works · 28.6% of its workAstronomy and Astrophysics: 4 fractional works · 12.8% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 2 fractional works · 6.8% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 2 fractional works · 6.8% of its workNuclear and High Energy Physics: 1 fractional works · 2.3% of its workComputer Science: 3 fractional works · 10.4% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 1 fractional works · 4.6% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 1 fractional works · 3.4% of its workInformation Systems: 1 fractional works · 1.9% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEngineering: 1 fractional works · 1.9% of its workMechanical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnvironmental Science: 0 fractional works · 1.4% of its workPollution: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEcology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workWater Science and Technology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEnergy: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEnergy Engineering and Power Technology: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workLife Sciences: 7 fractional works · 23.6% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 4 fractional works · 13.8% of its workPlant Science: 2 fractional works · 6.4% of its workGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 1 fractional works · 4.5% of its workFood Science: 1 fractional works · 2.8% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 2 fractional works · 6.8% of its workMolecular Biology: 1 fractional works · 3.7% of its workGenetics: 0 fractional works · 1.6% of its workClinical Biochemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMolecular Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPhysiology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 1 fractional works · 2.7% of its workVirology: 1 fractional works · 2.4% of its workImmunology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workNeuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSocial Sciences: 6 fractional works · 21.5% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 3 fractional works · 8.7% of its workManagement Information Systems: 2 fractional works · 6.8% of its workTourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management: 0 fractional works · 1.1% of its workStrategy and Management: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workSocial Sciences: 3 fractional works · 8.6% of its workEducation: 1 fractional works · 4.8% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 1 fractional works · 2.3% of its workSociology and Political Science: 0 fractional works · 1.1% of its workPublic Administration: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workArts and Humanities: 1 fractional works · 2.3% of its workPhilosophy: 0 fractional works · 1.7% of its workLanguage and Linguistics: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPsychology: 1 fractional works · 2.0% of its workSocial Psychology: 0 fractional works · 1.7% of its workClinical Psychology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHealth Sciences: 4 fractional works · 12.1% of its workMedicine: 3 fractional works · 11.2% of its workOncology: 1 fractional works · 2.8% of its workSurgery: 1 fractional works · 2.1% of its workComplementary and alternative medicine: 0 fractional works · 1.7% of its workHepatology: 0 fractional works · 1.1% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEpidemiology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workInfectious Diseases: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNeurology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workReproductive Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPharmacology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workHealth Professions: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workALL ITS WORKNatural Selection(United States)30fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences24%Physical Sciences43%Health Sciences12%Social Sciences22%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 15 fields, with their numbers
    1. Physics and Astronomy828.6%
    2. Computer Science310.4%
    3. Engineering11.9%
    4. Environmental Science01.4%
    5. Energy00.6%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences413.8%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology26.8%
    3. Immunology and Microbiology12.7%
    4. Neuroscience00.2%
    1. Business, Management and Accounting38.7%
    2. Social Sciences38.6%
    3. Arts and Humanities12.3%
    4. Psychology12.0%
    1. Medicine311.2%
    2. Health Professions00.8%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 2.90× its world share, 4 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 1.28× its world share, 2 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 2.71× its world share, 1 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.12× its world share, 0 worksNeuroscienceComputer Science: 1.33× its world share, 3 worksComputer ScienceEnergy: 0.61× its world share, 0 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.13× its world share, 1 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.28× its world share, 0 worksEnvironmental SciencePhysics and Astronomy: 12.85× its world share, 8 worksPhysics and AstronomyHealth Professions: 0.32× its world share, 0 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.58× its world share, 3 worksMedicineArts and Humanities: 0.78× its world share, 1 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 2.72× its world share, 3 worksBusiness, Management…Psychology: 0.65× its world share, 1 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.68× its world share, 2 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Physics and Astronomy, 12.8×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 15 fields, with their numbers
  1. Physics and Astronomy12.85×8 works
  2. Agricultural and Biological Sciences2.90×4 works
  3. Business, Management and Accounting2.72×3 works
  4. Immunology and Microbiology2.71×1 works
  5. Computer Science1.33×3 works
  6. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology1.28×2 works
  7. Arts and Humanities0.78×1 works
  8. Social Sciences0.68×2 works
  9. Psychology0.65×1 works
  10. Energy0.61×0 works
  11. Medicine0.58×3 works
  12. Health Professions0.32×0 works
  13. Environmental Science0.28×0 works
  14. Engineering0.13×1 works
  15. Neuroscience0.12×0 works

Who are the top researchers at Natural Selection (United States)?

Ranked on the quality score, David B. Fogel, Peter J. Angeline and Lawrence J. Fogel lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Natural Selection (United States).

  1. 1 David B. Fogel United States · #574,664 worldwide 18k citations · 362 works
  2. 2 Peter J. Angeline United States · #1,368,334 worldwide 5k citations · 84 works
  3. 3 Lawrence J. Fogel United States · #1,846,722 worldwide 5.5k citations · 77 works
  4. 4 V William Porto United States · #2,688,800 worldwide 716 citations · 36 works
  5. 5 David Fogel United States · #3,746,351 worldwide 77 citations · 18 works
  6. 6 Gary B. Fogel United States · #6,388,591 worldwide 2.5k citations · 169 works
All ranked researchers at Natural Selection (United States)

What are the most cited papers from Natural Selection (United States)?

The most cited paper from Natural Selection (United States) is "Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7" (Eli Coleman et al., 2012), with 3,164 citations. Next come "An introduction to simulated evolutionary optimization" (1,516) and "Evolutionary optimization versus particle swarm optimization: Philosophy and performance differences" (1,123).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7 Eli Coleman et al. · International Journal of Transgenderism Aug 2012 3,164
2 An introduction to simulated evolutionary optimization David B. Fogel · IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 1994 1,516
3 Evolutionary optimization versus particle swarm optimization: Philosophy and performance differences Peter J. Angeline · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paper 1998 1,123
4 Using selection to improve particle swarm optimization Peter J. Angeline Conference paper 27 Nov 2002 871
5 Advances in genetic programming David B. Fogel · Biosystems 1995 704
All 59 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Natural Selection (United States)?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Big Data, Cosmological Parameters, Dark Energy, Analytics, Bell Inequality, Business Intelligence, Decoherence and Machine Learning.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 24 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 24 words, with their numbers
  1. Machine Learning3▲ 2.9×14 topics
  2. Big Data2▲ 8.8×3 topics
  3. Sustainability2▲ 3.5×3 topics
  4. Cosmological Parameters2▲ 144×1 topic
  5. Dark Energy2▲ 122×1 topic
  6. Analytics2▲ 77×1 topic
  7. Bell Inequality2▲ 186×1 topic
  8. Business Intelligence2▲ 77×1 topic
  9. Decoherence2▲ 186×1 topic
  10. Quantum Gravity2▲ 67×2 topics
  11. Climate Change1▲ 1.78×5 topics
  12. Deep Learning1▲ 1.36×8 topics
  13. Agriculture1▲ 12×1 topic
  14. Black Holes1▲ 47×2 topics
  15. Plant Genetics1▲ 216×1 topic
  16. Algorithmic Information Theory1▲ 202×1 topic
  17. Computability1▲ 202×1 topic
  18. Genetics1▲ 5.0×2 topics
  19. Grapevine1▲ 88×1 topic
  20. Long-Range Interactions1▲ 320×1 topic
  21. Lorentz Violation1▲ 200×1 topic
  22. Noncommutative Field Theory1▲ 200×1 topic
  23. Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics1▲ 320×1 topic
  24. Wine Quality1▲ 102×1 topic

Which research topics does Natural Selection (United States) publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Cosmology and Gravitation Theories, Big Data and Business Intelligence, Quantum Mechanics and Applications and Agriculture and Biological Studies.

Cosmology and Gravitation Theories: 2 fractional worksBig Data and Business Intelligence: 2 fractional worksQuantum Mechanics and Ap…2Quantum Mechanics and Applications: 2 fractional worksAgriculture and Biologic…1Agriculture and Biological Studies: 1 fractional worksHorticultural and Viticultural Research: 1 fractional worksStatistical Mechanics and Entropy: 1 fractional worksComputability, Logic, AI…1Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms: 1 fractional worksNoncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories: 1 fractional worksFermentation and Sensory Analysis: 1 fractional worksSpace Science and Extraterrestrial Life: 1 fractional works
Astronomy and AstrophysicsManagement Information SystemsAtomic and Molecular Physics, and OpticsGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences4 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Cosmology and Gravitation Theories Astronomy and Astrophysics 2 works
  2. 2 Big Data and Business Intelligence Management Information Systems 2 works
  3. 3 Quantum Mechanics and Applications Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics 2 works
  4. 4 Agriculture and Biological Studies General Agricultural and Biological Sciences 1 works
  5. 5 Horticultural and Viticultural Research Plant Science 1 works
  6. 6 Statistical Mechanics and Entropy Statistical and Nonlinear Physics 1 works
  7. 7 Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms Computational Theory and Mathematics 1 works
  8. 8 Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories Statistical and Nonlinear Physics 1 works
  9. 9 Fermentation and Sensory Analysis Food Science 1 works
  10. 10 Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life Astronomy and Astrophysics 1 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available28.0%not open72.0%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors15.1%domestic only84.9%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Natural Selection (United States)'s research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 23% lower than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Natural Selection (United States) as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.000030% in 2024.

still counting0.00050%0.0010%0.0015%Natural Selection (United States)0.000043% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Natural Selection (United States) over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

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Natural Selection (United States) on Science Explorer

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