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Subfield · Medicine

Hepatology research

Hepatology is a subfield of Medicine. Science Explorer counts 246k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

In short: medical specialty.

Research works
246k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
25k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Topics
6
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+7%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
32% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Hepatology

This ranks research output and citation impact. It says nothing about the quality of diagnosis, treatment or care.

What is Hepatology research about, and what is growing?

By the world's output in 2021-25, its most used keywords are Treatment, Diagnosis, Management, Epidemiology, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Liver Cancer. Gaining share since 2011-15: Autoimmune Hepatitis, Primary Biliary Cirrhosis, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Liver Cirrhosis, Diagnosis. Losing share: Hepatitis C Virus, Ribavirin, Hepatic Stellate Cells, Liver Regeneration.

▲ gaining share of this field◆ holding its share▼ losing share

Size is the world's fractional works in 2021-25 in the topics tagged with each word; colour compares the word's share of this field with 2011-15. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 16 words, with their numbers
  1. Treatment25k◆ 0.91×2 topics
  2. Diagnosis20k▲ 1.25×2 topics
  3. Management20k▲ 1.25×2 topics
  4. Epidemiology18k▼ 0.80×3 topics
  5. Hepatocellular Carcinoma15k▲ 1.22×1 topic
  6. Liver Cancer15k▲ 1.22×1 topic
  7. Hepatic Encephalopathy15k▲ 1.29×1 topic
  8. Liver Cirrhosis15k▲ 1.29×1 topic
  9. Hepatitis C Virus9,685▼ 0.65×1 topic
  10. Ribavirin9,685▼ 0.65×1 topic
  11. Autoimmune Hepatitis5,133▲ 1.33×1 topic
  12. Primary Biliary Cirrhosis5,133▲ 1.33×1 topic
  13. Hepatic Stellate Cells4,580▼ 0.78×1 topic
  14. Liver Regeneration4,580▼ 0.78×1 topic
  15. Hepatitis E Virus3,625▼ 0.82×1 topic
  16. Zoonotic Transmission3,625▼ 0.82×1 topic

Which countries lead Hepatology research?

On research quality in 2022-now, the United States, China and France rank highest in Hepatology. By volume, China and the United States publish the most (11k and 9.1k works in 2022-now).

By research quality, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States #1 all time 1.01× citation excellence · 1.66× journals · 100% breadth 11.5% top 10% · 7.8k works
  2. 2 China #5 all time 1.24× citation excellence · 0.83× journals · 100% breadth 12.2% top 10% · 9.4k works
  3. 3 France #2 all time 1.45× citation excellence · 2.24× journals · 100% breadth 12.3% top 10% · 1.1k works
  4. 4 Germany #3 all time 1.32× citation excellence · 1.78× journals · 100% breadth 10.7% top 10% · 1.5k works
  5. 5 United Kingdom #4 all time 1.11× citation excellence · 1.47× journals · 100% breadth 13.4% top 10% · 1.3k works
  6. 6 Netherlands #8 all time 1.59× citation excellence · 1.89× journals · 100% breadth 14.6% top 10% · 418 works
  7. 7 Spain #6 all time 1.33× citation excellence · 1.31× journals · 100% breadth 12.4% top 10% · 998 works
  8. 8 Italy #9 all time 1.42× citation excellence · 0.89× journals · 100% breadth 13.7% top 10% · 1.6k works
  9. 9 Switzerland #7 all time 1.43× citation excellence · 2.21× journals · 100% breadth 13.6% top 10% · 290 works
  10. 10 Canada #10 all time 1.12× citation excellence · 1.41× journals · 100% breadth 11.8% top 10% · 671 works

The track on each row is that row's top-10% rate. The ranking itself is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each place's own topics predict, adds its share of papers in the Nature Index journals, and counts output and breadth too.

Of 31 countries ranked in Hepatology. Ranked on the quality score for 2022-now; the bracket is the all-time rank.

All countries ranked in Hepatology

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 11k works
  2. 2 United States 9.1k works
  3. 3 Japan 2.7k works
  4. 4 India 2.5k works
  5. 5 Italy 1.8k works
  6. 6 Germany 1.7k works
  7. 7 United Kingdom 1.5k works
  8. 8 South Korea 1.5k works
  9. 9 France 1.2k works
  10. 10 Spain 1.1k works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 32.5%United States: 26.5%Japan: 7.8%India: 7.3%6 others listed: 26.0%32%largest
China11k · 32.5%United States9,083 · 26.5%Japan2,659 · 7.8%India2,498 · 7.3%6 others listed8,894 · 26.0%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Hepatology research?

Harvard University (United States) ranks first in Hepatology on research quality in 2022-now, followed by Stanford University and National Institutes of Health.

By research quality, 2022-now

  1. 1 Harvard University United States · Cambridge · #1 all time 14.4% top 10% · 245 works
  2. 2 Stanford University United States · Stanford · #4 all time 19.2% top 10% · 134 works
  3. 3 National Institutes of Health United States · Bethesda · #2 all time 21.7% top 10% · 93 works
  4. 4 Inserm France · Paris · #3 all time 15.5% top 10% · 166 works
  5. 5 Sun Yat-sen University China · Guangzhou · #27 all time 12.1% top 10% · 472 works
  6. 6 University of California San Diego United States · San Diego · #7 all time 26.6% top 10% · 76 works
  7. 7 Université Paris Cité France · Paris · #8 all time 14.8% top 10% · 106 works
  8. 8 University of Pennsylvania United States · Philadelphia · #15 all time 17.5% top 10% · 97 works
  9. 9 University of California, San Francisco United States · San Francisco · #10 all time 11.3% top 10% · 111 works
  10. 10 Fudan University China · Shanghai · #41 all time 12.8% top 10% · 229 works

The track on each row is that row's top-10% rate. The ranking itself is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each place's own topics predict, adds its share of papers in the Nature Index journals, and counts output and breadth too.

Of 107 institutions above the floor of 40 fractional works in Hepatology.

Top 100 Hepatology institutions

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 541 works
  2. 2 Capital Medical UniversityChina 326 works
  3. 3 Sichuan UniversityChina 311 works
  4. 4 Zhejiang UniversityChina 283 works
  5. 5 Harvard UniversityUnited States 282 works
  6. 6 Fudan UniversityChina 258 works
  7. 7 Mayo ClinicUnited States 251 works
  8. 8 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 221 works
  9. 9 Peking UniversityChina 219 works
  10. 10 Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyChina 199 works

Who are the leading researchers in Hepatology?

Counting only their work in Hepatology, Rohit Seth Loomba, Arun Jayant Sanyal and Vincent Wai‐Sun Wong have the most papers in the world top 10% for their subfield and year beyond the 10% expected.

  1. 1 Rohit Seth Loomba United States · #2,023 worldwide overall 100.0 of 180 papers here in the top 10%
  2. 2 Arun Jayant Sanyal United States · #3,037 worldwide overall 103.7 of 231 papers here in the top 10%
  3. 3 Vincent Wai‐Sun Wong China · #5,866 worldwide overall 102.1 of 252 papers here in the top 10%
  4. 4 Masatoshi Kudo Japan · #95,747 worldwide overall 121.4 of 416 papers here in the top 10%
  5. 5 Michael Peter Manns Germany · #100,220 worldwide overall 110.9 of 465 papers here in the top 10%
  6. 6 Amit G. Singal United States · #14,515 worldwide overall 80.9 of 198 papers here in the top 10%
  7. 7 Zobair M. Younossi United States · #25,117 worldwide overall 95.1 of 342 papers here in the top 10%
  8. 8 Anna S. Lok United States · #27,785 worldwide overall 84.7 of 256 papers here in the top 10%
  9. 9 Josep Maria Llovet United States · #3,316 worldwide overall 72.8 of 150 papers here in the top 10%
  10. 10 Scott L. Friedman United States · #7,622 worldwide overall 70.3 of 132 papers here in the top 10%

Ranked on their work in Hepatology alone: how many more of their papers here reached the world top 10% for their subfield and year than the 10% expected, among 835,949 ranked researchers with a paper here. Each paper counts once, so many strong papers outrank one famous one, and a long record of ordinary papers does not climb. Identities come from OpenAlex author disambiguation, which occasionally merges or splits people.

Top 100 Hepatology researchers

What are the most cited papers in Hepatology?

The most cited paper in Hepatology is "Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma" (Josep Maria Llovet et al., 2008), with 13,116 citations. Next come "Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease†" (10,904) and "Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Update Δσ" (8,176).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Josep Maria Llovet et al. · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 23 Jul 2008 13,116
2 Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease† David Erwin Kleiner, Elizabeth M. Brunt, Mark L. Van Natta et al. · Hepatology 24 May 2005 10,904
3 Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Update Δσ Jordi Bruix, Morris Sherman · Hepatology Open access 19 Jan 2011 8,176
4 Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices R. N. H. Pugh, I M Murray-Lyon, J L Dawson et al. · British journal of surgery Aug 1973 8,027
5 Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Richard S. Finn et al. · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 13 May 2020 7,547
All 96 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Hepatology research done?

The largest centres of Hepatology research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Guangzhou (China), Shanghai (China) and Seoul (South Korea). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Ōgaki, Clichy and Doylestown.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 1.5k works
  2. 2 GuangzhouChina 961 works
  3. 3 ShanghaiChina 958 works
  4. 4 SeoulSouth Korea 815 works
  5. 5 TokyoJapan 605 works
  6. 6 LondonUnited Kingdom 528 works
  7. 7 HangzhouChina 513 works
  8. 8 ParisFrance 488 works
  9. 9 ChengduChina 476 works
  10. 10 New YorkUnited States 469 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. ŌgakiJP · 20.5 works37×
  2. ClichyFR · 35.9 works32×
  3. DoylestownUS · 22.1 works28×
  4. Foster CityUS · 30.8 works22×
  5. Kashihara-shiJP · 35.3 works12×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Hepatology than the world average.

See Hepatology on the map

Hepatology research by country

The best places for Hepatology research inside each country, with that country's researchers and world standing.

Where is the best place to study Hepatology?

Among universities, judged by research, Harvard University, Stanford University and University of California San Diego score highest, combining standing in the field's ranking, citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%30%mean 16.11%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →University of Califo…Stanford UniversityUniversité Paris CitéHarvard University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Standingthis field's institution ranking, three quarters all time and a quarter 2022-now
50%
Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
20%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
5%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
15%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
5%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
5%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreRank in field (all time)Top 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Harvard UniversityUnited States 80.5#1 (#1)14.4%2.2×282 -14.5%
2Stanford UniversityUnited States 70.4#2 (#4)18.4%2.5×152 +5.3%
3University of California San DiegoUnited States 65.6#6 (#7)24.9%2.3×91 -7.1%
4Université Paris CitéFrance 59.1#7 (#8)15.1%3.9×120 -6.7%
5Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 58.3#5 (#27)11.9%6.4×541 +23.2%
6Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States 58.0#11 (#6)11.3%2.3×144 -12.1%
7Chinese University of Hong KongChina 57.3#16 (#18)22.5%3.1×93 -9.2%
8University of California, San FranciscoUnited States 55.9#9 (#10)11.4%4.4×128 -9.8%
9University of TorontoCanada 53.7#14 (#13)14.2%1.7×144 -11.1%
10University of PennsylvaniaUnited States 53.1#8 (#15)17.0%2.5×109 -14.4%

Universities only. The score blends standing (50%), citation excellence (20%), size (15%), specialisation (5%), growth (5%), international reach (5%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise. Standing is the score in this field's institution ranking, three quarters over all time and a quarter 2022-now; excellence averages the two windows too. Four years alone undercount fields such as AI, where many conference and arXiv papers from 2022 on carry no affiliation in the data.

Every institution in Hepatology, country by country

Is Hepatology research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 7% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Liver Diseases and Immunity, Liver Disease and Transplantation and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Hepatology as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.19% in 2024.

still counting0.20%0.40%Hepatology0.20% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Hepatology over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Hepatology10.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

  1. Liver Diseases and Immunity+33%
  2. Liver Disease and Transplantation+18%
  3. Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis+13%
  4. Liver physiology and pathology+6%
  5. Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology-8%
  6. Hepatitis C virus research-16%
← shrinkingno changegrowing →

Growth in output from 2018-21 to 2022-25. Every topic is a page of its own.

What does Hepatology include?

Liver Disease and Transp…62kLiver Disease and Transplantation: 62k fractional worksHepatitis C virus research58kHepatitis C virus research: 58k fractional worksHepatocellular Carcinoma…57kHepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis: 57k fractional worksLiver physiology and pathology: 28k fractional worksLiver Diseases and Immunity: 21k fractional worksHepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology: 21k fractional works

Area is fractional works in that topic. Every name below is a page of its own.

Share who leads Hepatology

Who leads Hepatology, on Science Explorer

A card with the countries and institutions that lead Hepatology, for a post or a slide.

Download the card

1200 × 630 PNG, sized for social posts, drawn from the latest snapshot.

The leading institutions' badges6Each links to that institution's page and updates with every snapshot

Discussion

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