Cosmology and Gravitation Theories

Cosmology and Gravitation Theories is a research topic within Astronomy and Astrophysics. Science Explorer counts 76k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the study of cosmological parameters, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, inflation, modified gravity, supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, general relativity, the Hubble constant, and scalar-tensor theories to understand the fundamental properties and evolution of the universe.

Cosmological Parameters
Dark Energy
Cosmic Microwave Background
Inflation
Modified Gravity
Supernovae
Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
General Relativity
Hubble Constant
Scalar-Tensor Theories

Research works: 76k
In the world top 10%: 7.6k
Top-10% rate: 10.0%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25: +21%
Largest producer: United States

Cosmology and Gravitation Theories

Which countries lead Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (1.9k and 1.5k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

1 United States 1.9k works
2 China 1.5k works
3 India 1.3k works
4 Italy 735 works
5 United Kingdom 699 works
6 Germany 549 works
7 France 526 works
8 Japan 525 works
9 Russia 444 works
10 Brazil 444 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States1,853 · 21.6%China1,468 · 17.1%India1,327 · 15.5%Italy735 · 8.6%6 others listed3,188 · 37.2%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research?

By volume, 2022-now

1 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 277 works
2 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 222 works
3 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 151 works
4 Max Planck SocietyGermany 103 works
5 University of CambridgeUnited Kingdom 83 works
6 Universidad Autónoma de MadridSpain 71 works
7 The University of TokyoJapan 68 works
8 GLA UniversityIndia 66 works
9 University of LisbonPortugal 63 works
10 Birla Institute of Technology and Science, PilaniIndia 62 works

Who are the leading researchers in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Cosmology and Gravitation Theories include Martin McKee, M. Weber and Xiaogang Wang.

1 Martin McKee United Kingdom 270k citations
2 M. Weber Israel 267k citations
3 Xiaogang Wang China 260k citations
4 John C. Morris United States 241k citations
5 P. Jackson France 230k citations
6 A. Meyer France 224k citations
7 Kai You Wang China 224k citations
8 G. Mitselmakher France 223k citations
9 E. Rossi France 221k citations
10 L. Li France 211k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories?

The most cited paper in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories is "Planck 2018 results" (N. Aghanim et al., 2020), with 14,737 citations. Next come "The large $N$ limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity" (14,697) and "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger" (14,545).

Most cited papers
#	Paper	Released	Citations
1	Planck 2018 results N. Aghanim et al. · Astronomy and Astrophysics Open access181 authors	3 Apr 2020	14,737
2	The large $N$ limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity JUAN M. MALDACENA · Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics Open access	1998	14,697
3	Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger B. P. Abbott et al. · Physical Review Letters Open access1,011 authors	11 Feb 2016	14,545
4	Anti de Sitter space and holography Edward H. Witten · Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics Open access	1998	13,441
5	Particle creation by black holes Stephen William Hawking · Communications in Mathematical Physics	Aug 1975	13,167

All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research done?

The largest centres of Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Paris (France), Moscow (Russia) and London (United Kingdom). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Famagusta.

Largest cities, 2022-now

1 BeijingChina 395 works
2 ParisFrance 252 works
3 MoscowRussia 242 works
4 LondonUnited Kingdom 192 works
5 TokyoJapan 154 works
6 KolkataIndia 154 works
7 MadridSpain 143 works
8 LahorePakistan 132 works
9 RomeItaly 125 works
10 SeoulSouth Korea 110 works

Where it is the local speciality

FamagustaCY · 38.6 works47×

← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories than the world average.

See Cosmology and Gravitation Theories on the map

Where is the best place to study Cosmology and Gravitation Theories?

Among universities, judged by research, Zhejiang Normal University, University of Lahore and Khazar University score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged

40%

Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share

10%

Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale

30%

Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%

10%

Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad

10%

Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.

#	University	Score	Top 10%	Specialisation	Works	Growth
1	Zhejiang Normal UniversityChina	79.9	34.8%	10.1×	33	+2831.9%
2	University of LahorePakistan	79.1	31.0%	25.7×	51	-
3	Khazar UniversityAzerbaijan	72.0	21.9%	128.9×	45	-
4	Princeton UniversityUnited States	71.6	24.1%	9.0×	45	+12.2%
5	University of Management and TechnologyPakistan	71.2	34.5%	18.0×	19	+218.2%
6	Birla Institute of Technology and Science, PilaniIndia	70.9	23.0%	13.9×	62	+77.4%
7	University of NizwaOman	70.8	25.5%	41.9×	19	+94.8%
8	Universidad Autónoma de MadridSpain	68.7	16.1%	10.8×	70	+21.3%
9	University of CambridgeUnited Kingdom	68.3	15.8%	6.1×	83	+2.1%
10	Harvard UniversityUnited States	65.9	27.1%	1.2×	43	+5.7%
11	Eastern Mediterranean UniversityCyprus	64.7	21.1%	52.8×	39	+99.3%
12	Stanford UniversityUnited States	64.3	23.2%	3.1×	53	-3.9%
13	University of ChicagoUnited States	64.1	18.1%	4.5×	44	+35.4%
14	Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyUnited States	64.0	21.3%	4.3×	35	+25.9%
15	University of OxfordUnited Kingdom	63.5	20.1%	3.0×	48	+21.5%
16	California Institute of TechnologyUnited States	62.8	21.0%	10.5×	43	-2.7%
17	University of PaduaItaly	61.9	16.2%	5.2×	48	+24.9%
18	Sapienza University of RomeItaly	61.5	19.4%	4.2×	55	+29.0%
19	University of Naples Federico IIItaly	61.5	17.3%	5.9×	49	+43.3%
20	Scuola Superiore MeridionaleItaly	60.3	22.6%	90.4×	19	+823.0%
21	GLA UniversityIndia	59.6	8.5%	32.4×	66	+74.6%
22	University of AmsterdamNetherlands	59.6	22.5%	3.8×	26	+22.3%
23	University of TrentoItaly	59.0	28.1%	6.8×	20	+155.7%
24	King's College LondonUnited Kingdom	58.5	13.0%	4.5×	45	+59.2%
25	University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChina	58.0	11.9%	3.3×	62	+76.8%
26	Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchIndia	57.8	10.7%	34.6×	44	+44.1%
27	University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUnited States	57.8	20.4%	3.3×	32	+34.6%
28	Queen Mary University of LondonUnited Kingdom	57.6	21.1%	7.3×	35	+4.4%
29	Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States	57.1	26.9%	1.6×	28	+2.5%
30	Universitat de ValènciaSpain	56.2	12.5%	7.2×	45	+31.7%
31	Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi AvanzatiItaly	56.2	15.8%	51.0×	24	+35.7%
32	University of EdinburghUnited Kingdom	56.1	16.6%	3.2×	32	+53.9%
33	Imperial College LondonUnited Kingdom	55.7	6.5%	3.9×	44	+54.1%
34	University of California, Santa BarbaraUnited States	55.7	18.7%	7.5×	27	-2.4%
35	L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National UniversityKazakhstan	55.0	17.9%	14.5×	25	+137.9%
36	University of WaterlooCanada	54.6	13.2%	5.1×	32	+36.3%
37	University of SheffieldUnited Kingdom	54.5	24.3%	3.6×	22	+195.7%
38	University of PortsmouthUnited Kingdom	54.4	16.6%	12.7×	22	+5.2%
39	New York UniversityUnited States	54.2	16.3%	2.3×	30	+50.4%
40	Universitat de BarcelonaSpain	54.0	22.9%	3.9×	34	-2.8%
41	The University of TokyoJapan	52.6	14.3%	4.8×	68	-16.7%
42	University of LisbonPortugal	51.8	9.4%	7.1×	63	-24.5%
43	University of the PunjabPakistan	51.8	14.2%	17.5×	57	-27.3%
44	University of Hassan II CasablancaMorocco	50.7	28.1%	4.2×	12	+107.1%
45	Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityJapan	48.8	19.0%	17.9×	10	+45.4%
46	Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization EngineersUzbekistan	46.5	25.1%	10.4×	9	-
47	King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia	42.2	14.9%	1.3×	15	+692.1%
48	COMSATS University IslamabadPakistan	41.1	3.6%	12.3×	32	-15.2%
49	Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyChina	40.9	13.5%	2.1×	10	+24.4%
50	King Khalid UniversitySaudi Arabia	40.1	17.7%	2.2×	9	-
51	Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversitySaudi Arabia	36.5	12.8%	3.1×	9	-
52	National University of SingaporeSingapore	35.1	3.1%	1.5×	21	+242.8%
53	Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic UniversitySaudi Arabia	34.0	9.0%	4.1×	9	+299.2%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories, country by country

Is Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 21% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2023. The fastest-growing topics are Cosmology and Gravitation Theories.

grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Cosmology and Gravitation Theories as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.056% in 2024.

Fractional works of Cosmology and Gravitation Theories over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

Questions people ask

Who leads cosmology research?

By volume in 2022-now, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique publishes the most Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research, followed by Chinese Academy of Sciences and Russian Academy of Sciences. By volume, the United States and China publish the most (1.9k and 1.5k works in 2022-now).

All 1,273 questions in the Question Catalogue

Discussion

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Which countries lead Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research?

By volume, 2022-now

How concentrated that is

Which institutions lead Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research?

By volume, 2022-now

Who are the leading researchers in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories?

What are the most cited papers in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories?

Where is Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research done?

Largest cities, 2022-now

Where it is the local speciality

Where is the best place to study Cosmology and Gravitation Theories?

Is Cosmology and Gravitation Theories research growing?

Its share of all research

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Which topics inside it are moving

Related research

Questions people ask

Who leads cosmology research?

Discussion