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Nonprofit · Bloomington · United States

PDK International

pdkintl.orgROR OpenAlex
World rank, all time
#28,676
of 34,923
Rank in United States
#6,029
of 7,310
Research works
126
▲ 156% vs 2018-21
Citations
4.8k
38.5 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
9.1%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.97×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
39%
world 40%
International
25%
world 18%
PDK International

Which fields of science does PDK International work in?

In 2022-now, 55% of research at PDK International is in Social Sciences, 22% in Physical Sciences. Its largest fields are Social Sciences (32%), Medicine (12%), Engineering (8%). It does 1.9× the world's share of Social Sciences.

Social Sciences: 17 fractional works · 55.4% of its workSocial Sciences: 10 fractional works · 31.9% of its workSociology and Political Science: 3 fractional works · 9.2% of its workEducation: 3 fractional works · 8.2% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 2 fractional works · 4.8% of its workCultural Studies: 1 fractional works · 2.6% of its workGender Studies: 0 fractional works · 1.4% of its workTransportation: 0 fractional works · 1.2% of its workDemography: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workHuman Factors and Ergonomics: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workLinguistics and Language: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workPublic Administration: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workLaw: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 2 fractional works · 7.6% of its workAccounting: 1 fractional works · 2.5% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 1 fractional works · 2.5% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 1 fractional works · 2.1% of its workStrategy and Management: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 2 fractional works · 6.1% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 2 fractional works · 5.0% of its workFinance: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workArts and Humanities: 2 fractional works · 5.6% of its workArcheology: 0 fractional works · 1.6% of its workMusic: 0 fractional works · 1.6% of its workHistory: 0 fractional works · 1.4% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workPsychology: 1 fractional works · 4.2% of its workClinical Psychology: 1 fractional works · 2.6% of its workSocial Psychology: 0 fractional works · 1.6% of its workPhysical Sciences: 7 fractional works · 22.1% of its workEngineering: 3 fractional works · 8.5% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 1 fractional works · 2.5% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 1 fractional works · 2.1% of its workOcean Engineering: 1 fractional works · 2.1% of its workMechanical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workArchitecture: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workComputer Science: 2 fractional works · 7.0% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 1 fractional works · 3.3% of its workInformation Systems: 1 fractional works · 2.5% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEnvironmental Science: 1 fractional works · 3.2% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 1 fractional works · 2.4% of its workEcology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnergy: 1 fractional works · 2.5% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 1 fractional works · 1.8% of its workNuclear Energy and Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnergy Engineering and Power Technology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workMaterials Science: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workHealth Sciences: 5 fractional works · 16.0% of its workMedicine: 4 fractional works · 11.9% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 1 fractional works · 2.4% of its workPsychiatry and Mental health: 1 fractional works · 1.9% of its workEpidemiology: 0 fractional works · 1.2% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 0 fractional works · 1.1% of its workInfectious Diseases: 0 fractional works · 0.9% of its workRheumatology: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEmergency Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workNeurology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workFamily Practice: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOncology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workRehabilitation: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhysiology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPharmacology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workHealth Professions: 1 fractional works · 3.7% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 1 fractional works · 2.2% of its workHealth Information Management: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workPhysical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workNursing: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workIssues, ethics and legal aspects: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workResearch and Theory: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workLife Sciences: 2 fractional works · 6.5% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 1 fractional works · 2.5% of its workAquatic Science: 0 fractional works · 1.4% of its workGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workNeuroscience: 1 fractional works · 1.8% of its workCellular and Molecular Neuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.9% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 1 fractional works · 1.7% of its workBiophysics: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workMolecular Biology: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMicrobiology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKPDK International32fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences6%Physical Sciences22%Health Sciences16%Social Sciences55%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 19 fields, with their numbers
    1. Social Sciences1031.9%
    2. Business, Management and Accounting27.6%
    3. Economics, Econometrics and Finance26.1%
    4. Arts and Humanities25.6%
    5. Psychology14.2%
    1. Engineering38.5%
    2. Computer Science27.0%
    3. Environmental Science13.2%
    4. Energy12.5%
    5. Chemistry00.5%
    6. Materials Science00.3%
    7. Physics and Astronomy00.2%
    1. Medicine411.9%
    2. Health Professions13.7%
    3. Nursing00.4%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences12.5%
    2. Neuroscience11.8%
    3. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology11.7%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology00.5%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.52× its world share, 1 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.32× its world share, 0 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.51× its world share, 0 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 1.09× its world share, 1 worksNeuroscienceChemistry: 0.34× its world share, 0 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.89× its world share, 2 worksComputer ScienceEnergy: 2.76× its world share, 1 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.57× its world share, 3 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.64× its world share, 1 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.08× its world share, 0 worksMaterials SciencePhysics and Astronomy: 0.08× its world share, 0 worksPhysics and AstronomyHealth Professions: 1.41× its world share, 1 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.62× its world share, 4 worksMedicineNursing: 0.86× its world share, 0 worksNursingArts and Humanities: 1.94× its world share, 2 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 2.35× its world share, 2 worksBusiness, Management…Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 2.84× its world share, 2 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 1.39× its world share, 1 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 2.52× its world share, 10 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Economics, Econometrics and Finance, 2.8×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 19 fields, with their numbers
  1. Economics, Econometrics and Finance2.84×2 works
  2. Energy2.76×1 works
  3. Social Sciences2.52×10 works
  4. Business, Management and Accounting2.35×2 works
  5. Arts and Humanities1.94×2 works
  6. Health Professions1.41×1 works
  7. Psychology1.39×1 works
  8. Neuroscience1.09×1 works
  9. Computer Science0.89×2 works
  10. Nursing0.86×0 works
  11. Environmental Science0.64×1 works
  12. Medicine0.62×4 works
  13. Engineering0.57×3 works
  14. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.52×1 works
  15. Immunology and Microbiology0.51×0 works
  16. Chemistry0.34×0 works
  17. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.32×0 works
  18. Materials Science0.08×0 works
  19. Physics and Astronomy0.08×0 works

Who are the top researchers at PDK International?

Ranked on the quality score, William J. Bushaw and Mal Hewitson lead among researchers whose main affiliation is PDK International.

  1. 1 William J. Bushaw United States · #2,725,504 worldwide 291 citations · 15 works
  2. 2 Mal Hewitson United States · #4,333,492 worldwide 25 citations · 19 works
All ranked researchers at PDK International

What are the most cited papers from PDK International?

The most cited paper from PDK International is "Cigarette Smoking as a Predictor of Alcohol and Other Drug Use by Children and Adolescents: Evidence of the “Gateway Drug Effect”" (Mohammad Hassan Torabi, William John Bailey, Massoumeh Majd‐Jabbari, 1993), with 234 citations. Next come "Speech-Recognition Difficulties of the Hearing-Impaired Elderly" (174) and "Speech Identification Difficulties of Hearing-Impaired Elderly Persons" (174).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Cigarette Smoking as a Predictor of Alcohol and Other Drug Use by Children and Adolescents: Evidence of the “Gateway Drug Effect” Mohammad Hassan Torabi, William John Bailey, Massoumeh Majd‐Jabbari · Journal of School Health Sep 1993 234
2 Speech-Recognition Difficulties of the Hearing-Impaired Elderly Larry E. Humes, Lisa Roberts · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research Dec 1990 174
3 Speech Identification Difficulties of Hearing-Impaired Elderly Persons Larry E. Humes, Laurel A. Christopherson · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research Jun 1991 174
4 Maximal Opposition Approach to Phonological Treatment Judith A. Gierut · Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders Feb 1989 132
5 Mercury contamination in the Brazilian Amazon. Environmental and occupational aspects A. C. Barbosa, Ana Amelia Peixoto Boischio, Gastón A. East et al. · Water Air & Soil Pollution Feb 1995 102
All 88 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at PDK International?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Financial Performance, Culture, Social Capital, Renewable Energy, Literature, Entrepreneurship, Ethnicity and Science.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 17 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 17 words, with their numbers
  1. Renewable Energy2▲ 4.1×9 topics
  2. Financial Performance2▲ 9.4×2 topics
  3. Culture2▲ 10×3 topics
  4. Globalization2▲ 2.5×5 topics
  5. Mental Health2▲ 3.4×7 topics
  6. Entrepreneurship1▲ 11×3 topics
  7. Literature1▲ 8.0×2 topics
  8. Social Capital1▲ 8.8×2 topics
  9. Ethnicity1▲ 10×2 topics
  10. History1▲ 5.5×2 topics
  11. Risk Management1▲ 7.8×2 topics
  12. Science1▲ 15×2 topics
  13. Economic Development1▲ 4.1×3 topics
  14. Economic Growth1▲ 3.9×1 topic
  15. Insurance1▲ 42×1 topic
  16. Islam1▲ 16×1 topic
  17. Social Influence1▲ 16×1 topic

Which research topics does PDK International publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Insurance and Financial Risk Management, Linguistic, Cultural, and Literary Studies, Public Health and Nutrition and Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences.

Insurance and Financial …1Insurance and Financial Risk Management: 1 fractional worksLinguistic, Cultural, an…1Linguistic, Cultural, and Literary Studies: 1 fractional worksPublic Health and Nutrition: 1 fractional worksEntrepreneurship Studies…1Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences: 1 fractional worksFamily Business Performa…1Family Business Performance and Succession: 1 fractional worksWorking Capital and Financial Performance: 1 fractional worksEconomic and Industrial Development: 1 fractional worksEducation, Innovation an…1Education, Innovation and Language Studies: 1 fractional worksCO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions: 0 fractional worksComputational Physics and Python Applications: 0 fractional works
Economics and EconometricsSociology and Political SciencePediatrics, Perinatology and Child HealthManagement of Technology and Innovation5 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Insurance and Financial Risk Management Economics and Econometrics 1 works
  2. 2 Linguistic, Cultural, and Literary Studies Sociology and Political Science 1 works
  3. 3 Public Health and Nutrition Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 1 works
  4. 4 Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences Management of Technology and Innovation 1 works
  5. 5 Family Business Performance and Succession Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management 1 works
  6. 6 Working Capital and Financial Performance Accounting 1 works
  7. 7 Economic and Industrial Development Economics and Econometrics 1 works
  8. 8 Education, Innovation and Language Studies Education 1 works
  9. 9 CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions Environmental Engineering 0 works
  10. 10 Computational Physics and Python Applications Artificial Intelligence 0 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available38.6%not open61.4%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors24.9%domestic only75.1%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has PDK International's research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 156% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is PDK International as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.000097% in 2024.

still counting0.00025%0.00050%0.00075%PDK International0.00015% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of PDK International over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

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PDK International on Science Explorer

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