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Nonprofit · Tirunelveli · India

Social Change and Development

In research, Social Change and Development stands highest in Physical Sciences (#6,368 of 10,670 worldwide), 2022-now.

scad.org.inROR OpenAlex
World rank, 2022-now
#10,285
of 22,385 · #9,084 all time
Rank in India
#657
of 1,562
Research works
719
▲ 7% vs 2018-21
Citations
8.3k
11.6 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
12.5%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.95×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
29%
world 40%
International
26%
world 18%
Social Change and Development

What is Social Change and Development known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, 2022-now, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
Physical SciencesDomain #6,368 of 10,670 14.4%75 #8459

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where Social Change and Development sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which fields of science does Social Change and Development work in?

In 2022-now, 48% of research at Social Change and Development is in Physical Sciences, 32% in Social Sciences. Its largest fields are Engineering (22%), Social Sciences (17%), Computer Science (15%). It does 1.3× the world's share of Social Sciences.

Physical Sciences: 79 fractional works · 47.9% of its workEngineering: 36 fractional works · 21.8% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 14 fractional works · 8.3% of its workMechanical Engineering: 4 fractional works · 2.4% of its workBuilding and Construction: 4 fractional works · 2.3% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 3 fractional works · 1.8% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 2 fractional works · 1.5% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 2 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workAerospace Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workMedia Technology: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOcean Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workComputational Mechanics: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workComputer Science: 24 fractional works · 14.9% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 7 fractional works · 4.5% of its workInformation Systems: 5 fractional works · 3.3% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 5 fractional works · 3.0% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 4 fractional works · 2.6% of its workSignal Processing: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workHuman-Computer Interaction: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnvironmental Science: 10 fractional works · 5.8% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 2 fractional works · 1.3% of its workWater Science and Technology: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEcology: 2 fractional works · 0.9% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEnvironmental Chemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNature and Landscape Conservation: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPollution: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMaterials Science: 4 fractional works · 2.3% of its workBiomaterials: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPolymers and Plastics: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workElectronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMathematics: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workModeling and Simulation: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnergy: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workChemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAnalytical Chemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workFluid Flow and Transfer Processes: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSocial Sciences: 52 fractional works · 31.7% of its workSocial Sciences: 28 fractional works · 17.3% of its workSociology and Political Science: 11 fractional works · 6.8% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 6 fractional works · 3.9% of its workEducation: 2 fractional works · 1.4% of its workGender Studies: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workDemography: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workTransportation: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workUrban Studies: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workAnthropology: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workCultural Studies: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGeneral Social Sciences: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workLinguistics and Language: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCommunication: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 8 fractional works · 4.8% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 6 fractional works · 3.5% of its workFinance: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workGeneral Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPsychology: 5 fractional works · 3.1% of its workSocial Psychology: 2 fractional works · 1.4% of its workClinical Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGeneral Psychology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 5 fractional works · 2.9% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workBusiness and International Management: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workManagement Information Systems: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workStrategy and Management: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMarketing: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workTourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workDecision Sciences: 3 fractional works · 2.0% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 2 fractional works · 1.3% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workArts and Humanities: 3 fractional works · 1.6% of its workMuseology: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPhilosophy: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workVisual Arts and Performing Arts: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHealth Sciences: 18 fractional works · 11.1% of its workMedicine: 11 fractional works · 6.8% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 2 fractional works · 1.2% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workOncology: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPharmacology: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOphthalmology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHematology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDermatology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workInfectious Diseases: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPathology and Forensic Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSurgery: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 1.2% of its workHealth Professions: 5 fractional works · 3.1% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 3 fractional works · 2.1% of its workPhysical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHealth Information Management: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workNursing: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workNutrition and Dietetics: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workDentistry: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPeriodontics: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workLife Sciences: 15 fractional works · 9.2% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 9 fractional works · 5.6% of its workPlant Science: 5 fractional works · 3.0% of its workGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workFood Science: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSoil Science: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workAquatic Science: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workAnimal Science and Zoology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workNeuroscience: 3 fractional works · 2.0% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 2 fractional works · 1.1% of its workNeurology: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workMolecular Biology: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workCell Biology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workImmunology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMicrobiology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKSocial Change andDevelopment164fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences9%Physical Sciences48%Health Sciences11%Social Sciences32%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 25 fields, with their numbers
    1. Engineering3621.8%
    2. Computer Science2414.9%
    3. Environmental Science105.8%
    4. Materials Science42.3%
    5. Mathematics10.6%
    6. Physics and Astronomy10.6%
    7. Energy10.6%
    8. Chemistry10.6%
    9. Earth and Planetary Sciences10.5%
    10. Chemical Engineering00.3%
    1. Social Sciences2817.3%
    2. Economics, Econometrics and Finance84.8%
    3. Psychology53.1%
    4. Business, Management and Accounting52.9%
    5. Decision Sciences32.0%
    6. Arts and Humanities31.6%
    1. Medicine116.8%
    2. Health Professions53.1%
    3. Nursing21.0%
    4. Dentistry00.3%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences95.6%
    2. Neuroscience32.0%
    3. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology21.0%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology10.5%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics00.1%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 1.17× its world share, 9 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.20× its world share, 2 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.48× its world share, 1 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 1.21× its world share, 3 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.38× its world share, 0 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.78× its world share, 0 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.37× its world share, 1 worksChemistryComputer Science: 1.91× its world share, 24 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.29× its world share, 1 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.64× its world share, 1 worksEnergyEngineering: 1.46× its world share, 36 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 1.18× its world share, 10 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.66× its world share, 4 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 0.52× its world share, 1 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.27× its world share, 1 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 0.57× its world share, 0 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 1.16× its world share, 5 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.35× its world share, 11 worksMedicineNursing: 2.00× its world share, 2 worksNursingArts and Humanities: 0.56× its world share, 3 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.90× its world share, 5 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 2.04× its world share, 3 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 2.22× its world share, 8 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 1.03× its world share, 5 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 1.37× its world share, 28 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Economics, Econometrics and Finance, 2.2×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 25 fields, with their numbers
  1. Economics, Econometrics and Finance2.22×8 works
  2. Decision Sciences2.04×3 works
  3. Nursing2.00×2 works
  4. Computer Science1.91×24 works
  5. Engineering1.46×36 works
  6. Social Sciences1.37×28 works
  7. Neuroscience1.21×3 works
  8. Environmental Science1.18×10 works
  9. Agricultural and Biological Sciences1.17×9 works
  10. Health Professions1.16×5 works
  11. Psychology1.03×5 works
  12. Business, Management and Accounting0.90×5 works
  13. Chemical Engineering0.78×0 works
  14. Materials Science0.66×4 works
  15. Energy0.64×1 works
  16. Dentistry0.57×0 works
  17. Arts and Humanities0.56×3 works
  18. Mathematics0.52×1 works
  19. Immunology and Microbiology0.48×1 works
  20. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics0.38×0 works
  21. Chemistry0.37×1 works
  22. Medicine0.35×11 works
  23. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.29×1 works
  24. Physics and Astronomy0.27×1 works
  25. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.20×2 works

Who are the top researchers at Social Change and Development?

Ranked on the quality score, R. Santhana Krishnan, Prodipto Roy and R. Santhana Krishnan lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Social Change and Development.

  1. 1 R. Santhana Krishnan India · #1,003,743 worldwide 2.1k citations · 163 works
  2. 2 Prodipto Roy India · #1,783,090 worldwide 382 citations · 32 works
  3. 3 R. Santhana Krishnan India · #1,886,790 worldwide 303 citations · 49 works
  4. 4 S. Gopikumar India · #2,267,028 worldwide 528 citations · 34 works
  5. 5 Sirazul Ameen Sahariah India · #2,277,598 worldwide 861 citations · 45 works
  6. 6 Meera Gandhi India · #2,398,732 worldwide 546 citations · 19 works
  7. 7 Ramesh D. Potdar India · #2,705,847 worldwide 684 citations · 42 works
  8. 8 Ashok Kumar Pankaj India · #2,749,538 worldwide 291 citations · 61 works
  9. 9 A. Gnana Saravanan India · #2,775,171 worldwide 173 citations · 21 works
  10. 10 Sujit Kumar Mishra India · #2,790,600 worldwide 115 citations · 20 works
All ranked researchers at Social Change and Development

What are the most cited papers from Social Change and Development?

The most cited paper from Social Change and Development is "Toward Principles for Enhancing the Resilience of Ecosystem Services" (Reinette Biggs, Maja Schlüter‬, Duan Biggs et al., 2012), with 1,247 citations. Next come "Community-Based Therapy for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Lima, Peru" (496) and "Acceptable and Unacceptable Immigrants: How Opposition to Immigration in Britain is Affected by Migrants' Region of Origin" (344).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Toward Principles for Enhancing the Resilience of Ecosystem Services Reinette Biggs, Maja Schlüter‬, Duan Biggs et al. · Annual Review of Environment and Resources ReviewOpen access 10 Aug 2012 1,247
2 Community-Based Therapy for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Lima, Peru Carole Diane Mitnick, Jaime Bayona, Eda Palacios et al. · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 8 Jan 2003 496
3 Acceptable and Unacceptable Immigrants: How Opposition to Immigration in Britain is Affected by Migrants' Region of Origin Robert Ford · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 28 Apr 2011 344
4 Support vector machine for modelling and simulation of heat exchangers Sivaprakash Muthukrishnan, Haribabu Krishnaswamy, Sathish Thanikodi et al. · Thermal Science Open access 22 Oct 2019 341
5 For What It’s Worth: An Introduction to Valuation Studies Claes-Fredrik Helgesson, Fabián Muniesa · Valuation Studies Open access 16 Apr 2013 288
All 60 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Social Change and Development?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Deep Learning, IoT, Machine Learning, Internet of Things, Security, Wireless Sensor Networks, Environmental Monitoring and Convolutional Neural Networks.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Deep Learning26▲ 4.6×49 topics
  2. Machine Learning16▲ 2.8×38 topics
  3. IoT11▲ 18×11 topics
  4. Internet of Things10▲ 7.0×12 topics
  5. Globalization8▲ 2.5×25 topics
  6. Security7▲ 6.7×11 topics
  7. Sustainability7▲ 1.82×24 topics
  8. Wireless Sensor Networks6▲ 8.8×10 topics
  9. Convolutional Neural Networks6▲ 5.2×11 topics
  10. Environmental Monitoring6▲ 8.7×6 topics
  11. Sustainable Development5▲ 2.1×12 topics
  12. Neural Networks5▲ 2.0×18 topics
  13. COVID-195▲ 2.4×11 topics
  14. Healthcare5▲ 2.6×12 topics
  15. Image Processing5▲ 6.7×4 topics
  16. Smart Home5▲ 18×3 topics
  17. Colonialism4▲ 5.4×8 topics
  18. Home Automation4▲ 58×1 topic
  19. IoT Security4▲ 8.4×3 topics
  20. Sensors4▲ 21×2 topics
  21. Wireless4▲ 52×1 topic
  22. RFID Technology4▲ 15×3 topics
  23. Federalism4▲ 34×3 topics
  24. 5G Networks3▲ 9.8×3 topics
  25. Computer Vision3▲ 7.1×3 topics
  26. Smart Cities3▲ 7.3×6 topics
  27. Smart Farming3▲ 17×2 topics
  28. Accident Detection3▲ 80×1 topic
  29. Security and Privacy3▲ 8.4×3 topics
  30. Smart Vehicle Safety3▲ 80×1 topic
  31. Transfer Learning3▲ 8.3×3 topics
  32. Conflict2▲ 9.4×2 topics
  33. Decentralization2▲ 7.3×4 topics
  34. Edge Computing2▲ 11×2 topics
  35. Internet of Things (IoT)2▲ 13×1 topic
  36. Mobile Edge Computing2▲ 9.3×2 topics
  37. Plant Disease Detection2▲ 14×1 topic
  38. Fog Computing2▲ 13×1 topic
  39. Insurgency2▲ 62×1 topic
  40. Kashmir2▲ 62×1 topic

Which research topics does Social Change and Development publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: IoT-based Smart Home Systems, IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems, Smart Agriculture and AI and IoT and Edge/Fog Computing.

IoT-based Smart Home Systems: 4 fractional worksIoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems: 3 fractional worksSmart Agriculture and AI2Smart Agriculture and AI: 2 fractional worksIoT and Edge/Fog Computing2IoT and Edge/Fog Computing: 2 fractional worksSouth Asian Studies and Conflicts: 2 fractional worksFire Detection and Safety Systems: 2 fractional worksBrain Tumor Detection an…2Brain Tumor Detection and Classification: 2 fractional worksSocial and Economic Development in India: 2 fractional worksChild Nutrition and Water Access: 1 fractional worksRemote Sensing and LiDAR Applications: 1 fractional works
Electrical and Electronic EngineeringMechanical EngineeringPlant ScienceComputer Networks and Communications6 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 IoT-based Smart Home Systems Electrical and Electronic Engineering 4 works
  2. 2 IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems Mechanical Engineering 3 works
  3. 3 Smart Agriculture and AI Plant Science 2 works
  4. 4 IoT and Edge/Fog Computing Computer Networks and Communications 2 works
  5. 5 South Asian Studies and Conflicts Political Science and International Relations 2 works
  6. 6 Fire Detection and Safety Systems Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality 2 works
  7. 7 Brain Tumor Detection and Classification Neurology 2 works
  8. 8 Social and Economic Development in India Sociology and Political Science 2 works
  9. 9 Child Nutrition and Water Access Nutrition and Dietetics 1 works
  10. 10 Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications Environmental Engineering 1 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available29.4%not open70.6%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors25.8%domestic only74.2%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Social Change and Development's research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 7% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Social Change and Development as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.00077% in 2024.

still counting0.00050%0.0010%Social Change and Development0.00062% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Social Change and Development over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting10%20%Social Change and Development15.3% in 2025all institutions10.0% in 202520102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 17.8% in 2014.

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Social Change and Development on Science Explorer

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