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Subfield · Chemical Engineering

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes is a subfield of Chemical Engineering. Science Explorer counts 130k research works in it since 1950. 10.1% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

In short: movement of fluid matter.

Research works
130k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
13k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.1%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Topics
4
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+1%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
37% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

What is Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research about, and what is growing?

By the world's output in 2021-25, its most used keywords are Chemical Kinetics, Combustion, Complex Fluids, Rheology, Density, Viscosity. Gaining share since 2011-15: Electrochemical Reduction, Molten Salt Electrolysis. Losing share: Density, Viscosity.

▲ gaining share of this field◆ holding its share▼ losing share

Size is the world's fractional works in 2021-25 in the topics tagged with each word; colour compares the word's share of this field with 2011-15. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 8 words, with their numbers
  1. Chemical Kinetics12k◆ 1.14×1 topic
  2. Combustion12k◆ 1.14×1 topic
  3. Complex Fluids4,558◆ 0.87×1 topic
  4. Rheology4,558◆ 0.87×1 topic
  5. Density2,146▼ 0.59×1 topic
  6. Viscosity2,146▼ 0.59×1 topic
  7. Electrochemical Reduction2,023▲ 1.51×1 topic
  8. Molten Salt Electrolysis2,023▲ 1.51×1 topic

Which countries lead Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research?

On research quality in 2022-now, China, the United States and the United Kingdom rank highest in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes. By volume, China and the United States publish the most (5k and 2.2k works in 2022-now).

By research quality, 2022-now

  1. 1 China #2 all time 1.33× citation excellence · 1.26× journals · 100% breadth 13.3% top 10% · 4.2k works
  2. 2 United States #1 all time 0.87× citation excellence · 1.45× journals · 100% breadth 8.0% top 10% · 1.9k works
  3. 3 United Kingdom #5 all time 1.20× citation excellence · 1.43× journals · 100% breadth 11.0% top 10% · 516 works
  4. 4 Germany #3 all time 0.83× citation excellence · 1.35× journals · 100% breadth 7.3% top 10% · 851 works
  5. 5 France #4 all time 0.75× citation excellence · 1.24× journals · 100% breadth 7.3% top 10% · 506 works
  6. 6 India #11 all time 0.88× citation excellence · 0.46× journals · 100% breadth 9.7% top 10% · 1.8k works
  7. 7 South Korea #12 all time 1.08× citation excellence · 0.92× journals · 100% breadth 11.1% top 10% · 383 works
  8. 8 Canada #6 all time 0.84× citation excellence · 1.19× journals · 100% breadth 8.0% top 10% · 256 works
  9. 9 Spain #7 all time 1.03× citation excellence · 0.99× journals · 100% breadth 11.7% top 10% · 218 works
  10. 10 Italy #14 all time 0.86× citation excellence · 0.66× journals · 100% breadth 8.2% top 10% · 419 works

The track on each row is that row's top-10% rate. The ranking itself is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each place's own topics predict, adds its share of papers in the Nature Index journals, and counts output and breadth too.

Of 17 countries ranked in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes. Ranked on the quality score for 2022-now; the bracket is the all-time rank.

All countries ranked in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 5k works
  2. 2 United States 2.2k works
  3. 3 India 2.1k works
  4. 4 Germany 970 works
  5. 5 Russia 770 works
  6. 6 Japan 606 works
  7. 7 United Kingdom 588 works
  8. 8 France 564 works
  9. 9 Italy 465 works
  10. 10 South Korea 443 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 36.9%United States: 15.8%India: 15.0%Germany: 7.1%6 others listed: 25.2%37%largest
China5,046 · 36.9%United States2,152 · 15.8%India2,055 · 15.0%Germany970 · 7.1%6 others listed3,437 · 25.2%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research?

Tsinghua University (China) ranks first in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes on research quality in 2022-now, followed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

By research quality, 2022-now

  1. 1 Tsinghua University China · Beijing · #11 all time 14.1% top 10% · 130 works
  2. 2 Shanghai Jiao Tong University China · Shanghai · #13 all time 15.8% top 10% · 160 works
  3. 3 Chinese Academy of Sciences China · Beijing · #8 all time 12.9% top 10% · 175 works
  4. 4 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia · Jeddah · #5 all time 15.2% top 10% · 94 works
  5. 5 Zhejiang University China · Hangzhou · #42 all time 14.2% top 10% · 90 works
  6. 6 Dalian University of Technology China · Dalian · #50 all time 19.4% top 10% · 68 works
  7. 7 Tianjin University China · Tianjin · #12 all time 17.3% top 10% · 130 works
  8. 8 Xi'an Jiaotong University China · Xi'an · #17 all time 15.0% top 10% · 134 works
  9. 9 Huazhong University of Science and Technology China · Wuhan · #38 all time 21.8% top 10% · 77 works
  10. 10 Beijing Institute of Technology China · Beijing · #37 all time 13.7% top 10% · 100 works

The track on each row is that row's top-10% rate. The ranking itself is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each place's own topics predict, adds its share of papers in the Nature Index journals, and counts output and breadth too.

Of 20 institutions above the floor of 40 fractional works in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes.

Top 100 Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes institutions

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 310 works
  2. 2 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 230 works
  3. 3 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 215 works
  4. 4 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 180 works
  5. 5 Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina 151 works
  6. 6 Tsinghua UniversityChina 148 works
  7. 7 Tianjin UniversityChina 144 works
  8. 8 Helmholtz Association of German Research CentresGermany 141 works
  9. 9 Beijing Institute of TechnologyChina 112 works
  10. 10 Beihang UniversityChina 109 works

Who are the leading researchers in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes?

Counting only their work in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Zuohua Huang, Rolf D. Reitz and Changwei Ji have the most papers in the world top 10% for their subfield and year beyond the 10% expected.

  1. 1 Zuohua Huang China · #50,771 worldwide overall 60.7 of 208 papers here in the top 10%
  2. 2 Rolf D. Reitz United States · #39,093 worldwide overall 56.5 of 209 papers here in the top 10%
  3. 3 Changwei Ji China · #20,324 worldwide overall 38.9 of 74 papers here in the top 10%
  4. 4 Shuofeng Wang China · #11,617 worldwide overall 36.4 of 68 papers here in the top 10%
  5. 5 Haji Hassan Masjuki Malaysia · #11,766 worldwide overall 35.2 of 77 papers here in the top 10%
  6. 6 M.A. Kalam Malaysia · #19,502 worldwide overall 34.1 of 74 papers here in the top 10%
  7. 7 Chung King Law United States · #65,569 worldwide overall 38.0 of 126 papers here in the top 10%
  8. 8 Gareth H. McKinley United States · #39,993 worldwide overall 34.6 of 117 papers here in the top 10%
  9. 9 Frederick L. Dryer United States · #36,532 worldwide overall 29.2 of 72 papers here in the top 10%
  10. 10 Haifeng Liu China · #143,305 worldwide overall 28.8 of 79 papers here in the top 10%

Ranked on their work in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes alone: how many more of their papers here reached the world top 10% for their subfield and year than the 10% expected, among 285,797 ranked researchers with a paper here. Each paper counts once, so many strong papers outrank one famous one, and a long record of ordinary papers does not climb. Identities come from OpenAlex author disambiguation, which occasionally merges or splits people.

Top 100 Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes researchers

What are the most cited papers in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes?

The most cited paper in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes is "Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics" (Pierre Gilles de Gennes, Thomas A. Witten, 1980), with 9,412 citations. Next come "Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids With Nanoparticles" (9,327) and "Equilibrium constants from a modified Redlich-Kwong equation of state" (6,319).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics Pierre Gilles de Gennes, Thomas A. Witten · Physics Today Jun 1980 9,412
2 Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids With Nanoparticles Stephen U. S. Choi Conference paperOpen access 12 Nov 1995 9,327
3 Equilibrium constants from a modified Redlich-Kwong equation of state Giorgio S. Soave · Chemical Engineering Science Jun 1972 6,319
4 On the Temperature Dependence of Cooperative Relaxation Properties in Glass-Forming Liquids Gerold Adam, Julian H. Gibbs · The Journal of Chemical Physics Jul 1965 5,842
5 Role of Repulsive Forces in Determining the Equilibrium Structure of Simple Liquids John D. Weeks, David Chandler, Hans Christian Andersen · The Journal of Chemical Physics 15 Jun 1971 5,289
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research done?

The largest centres of Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Xi'an (China) and Moscow (Russia). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Lemont and Idaho Falls.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 1k works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 421 works
  3. 3 Xi'anChina 308 works
  4. 4 MoscowRussia 258 works
  5. 5 ChennaiIndia 257 works
  6. 6 TianjinChina 238 works
  7. 7 WuhanChina 219 works
  8. 8 NanjingChina 200 works
  9. 9 HarbinChina 185 works
  10. 10 TokyoJapan 178 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. LemontUS · 50.0 works15×
  2. Idaho FallsUS · 31.3 works14×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes than the world average.

See Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes on the map

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research by country

The best places for Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research inside each country, with that country's researchers and world standing.

Where is the best place to study Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes?

Among universities, judged by research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Tsinghua University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University score highest, combining standing in the field's ranking, citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%mean 13.58%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →King Abdullah Univer…Shanghai Jiao Tong U…Tsinghua UniversityStanford University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Standingthis field's institution ranking, three quarters all time and a quarter 2022-now
50%
Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
20%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
5%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
15%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
5%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
5%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreRank in field (all time)Top 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologySaudi Arabia 82.4#4 (#5)15.2%22.1×100 +13.9%
2Tsinghua UniversityChina 80.1#1 (#11)13.8%3.9×148 +30.4%
3Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 74.5#2 (#13)15.1%3.8×180 +12.7%
4Stanford UniversityUnited States 69.5- (#2)13.2%1.5×36 -23.8%
5Tianjin UniversityChina 67.7#7 (#12)16.8%7.2×144 +8.2%
6Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyUnited States 66.0- (#4)14.6%3.4×39 -4.3%
7Princeton UniversityUnited States 65.3- (#3)8.9%4.2×30 -24.0%
8Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina 64.2#8 (#17)14.9%5.3×151 +21.5%
9University of CambridgeUnited Kingdom 56.2- (#7)11.1%1.9×37 -27.6%
10ETH ZurichSwitzerland 55.4- (#6)12.2%2.1×24 -45.0%

Universities only. The score blends standing (50%), citation excellence (20%), size (15%), specialisation (5%), growth (5%), international reach (5%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise. Standing is the score in this field's institution ranking, three quarters over all time and a quarter 2022-now; excellence averages the two windows too. Four years alone undercount fields such as AI, where many conference and arXiv papers from 2022 on carry no affiliation in the data.

Every institution in Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, country by country

Is Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 1% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2017. The fastest-growing topics are Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes and Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.078% in 2024.

still counting0.10%0.20%0.30%Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes0.079% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes9.8% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

  1. Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes+55%
  2. Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies+5%
  3. Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies-2%
  4. Thermodynamic properties of mixtures-32%
← shrinkingno changegrowing →

Growth in output from 2018-21 to 2022-25. Every topic is a page of its own.

What does Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes include?

Advanced Combustion Engi…53kAdvanced Combustion Engine Technologies: 53k fractional worksRheology and Fluid Dynam…37kRheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies: 37k fractional worksThermodynamic properties…30kThermodynamic properties of mixtures: 30k fractional worksMolten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes: 9,992 fractional works

Area is fractional works in that topic. Every name below is a page of its own.

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Who leads Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, on Science Explorer

A card with the countries and institutions that lead Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, for a post or a slide.

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1200 × 630 PNG, sized for social posts, drawn from the latest snapshot.

The leading institutions' badges6Each links to that institution's page and updates with every snapshot

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