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Topic · Oceanography

Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses

Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses is a research topic within Oceanography. Science Explorer counts 13k research works in it since 1950. 10.1% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers explores the impact of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems, focusing on the effects of elevated CO2 emissions on seawater pH, calcifying organisms, and overall biodiversity. The research covers a wide range of marine organisms and habitats, highlighting the complex biological responses and potential shifts in ecosystem functioning due to ongoing global change.

  • Ocean Acidification
  • Marine Organisms
  • CO2 Emissions
  • Calcifying Organisms
  • Ecosystem Impacts
  • Seawater pH
  • Shellfish Calcification
  • Biological Responses
  • Global Change
  • Biodiversity Shifts
Research works
13k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
1.4k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.1%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+2%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
30% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses

Which countries lead Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (613 and 508 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 613 works
  2. 2 China 508 works
  3. 3 United Kingdom 154 works
  4. 4 Australia 139 works
  5. 5 France 135 works
  6. 6 Germany 127 works
  7. 7 Canada 114 works
  8. 8 Spain 95 works
  9. 9 India 91 works
  10. 10 Italy 90 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 29.7%China: 24.6%United Kingdom: 7.5%Australia: 6.7%6 others listed: 31.6%30%largest
United States613 · 29.7%China508 · 24.6%United Kingdom154 · 7.5%Australia139 · 6.7%6 others listed652 · 31.6%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses research?

By volume in 2022-now, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique publishes the most Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses research, followed by Chinese Academy of Sciences and Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 62 works
  2. 2 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 61 works
  3. 3 Helmholtz Association of German Research CentresGermany 45 works
  4. 4 National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationUnited States 43 works
  5. 5 Ocean University of ChinaChina 29 works
  6. 6 Xiamen UniversityChina 29 works
  7. 7 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSpain 26 works
  8. 8 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 24 works
  9. 9 Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyChina 19 works
  10. 10 University of California San DiegoUnited States 18 works

Who are the leading researchers in Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses include Philippe Ciais and Carl Folke.

  1. 1 Philippe Ciais France 237k citations
  2. 2 Carl Folke Sweden 182k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses?

The most cited paper in Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses is "Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification" (Ove Hoegh‐Guldberg, Peter J. Mumby, Anthony J. Hooten et al., 2007), with 5,989 citations. Next come "Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms" (4,738) and "Nitrous Oxide (N 2 O): The Dominant Ozone-Depleting Substance Emitted in the 21st Century" (4,706).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification Ove Hoegh‐Guldberg, Peter J. Mumby, Anthony J. Hooten et al. · Science Open access 13 Dec 2007 5,989
2 Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms James C. Orr et al. · Nature Sep 2005 4,738
3 Nitrous Oxide (N 2 O): The Dominant Ozone-Depleting Substance Emitted in the 21st Century Akkihebbal Ramaiah Ravishankara, J. S. Daniel, R. W. Portmann · Science 27 Aug 2009 4,706
4 Ocean Acidification: The Other CO 2 Problem Scott C. Doney, Victoria J. Fabry, Richard A. Feely et al. · Annual Review of Marine Science Review 29 Aug 2008 4,279
5 The Oceanic Sink for Anthropogenic CO 2 Christopher L. Sabine, Richard A. Feely, Nicolas Gruber et al. · Science 15 Jul 2004 4,223
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses research done?

The largest centres of Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Qingdao (China), Paris (France) and Xiamen (China).

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 96 works
  2. 2 QingdaoChina 82 works
  3. 3 ParisFrance 51 works
  4. 4 XiamenChina 37 works
  5. 5 ShanghaiChina 36 works
  6. 6 GuangzhouChina 33 works
  7. 7 SeattleUnited States 28 works
  8. 8 KielGermany 27 works
  9. 9 Washington D.C.United States 25 works
  10. 10 BarcelonaSpain 24 works
See Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses on the map

Where is the best place to study Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses?

Among universities, judged by research, University of Tasmania, Xiamen University and University of California, Santa Barbara score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%30%mean 15.87%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →University of Califo…University of TasmaniaXiamen UniversityOcean University of …
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1University of TasmaniaAustralia 75.823.2%29.6×17 +34.6%
2Xiamen UniversityChina 68.711.8%13.3×28 +33.2%
3University of California, Santa BarbaraUnited States 67.528.3%12.9×10 +13.7%
4Ocean University of ChinaChina 59.47.3%23.7×29 +47.8%
5Shanghai Ocean UniversityChina 56.112.9%31.1×17 +141.9%
6University of British ColumbiaCanada 54.413.5%5.7×17 -13.3%
7University of California San DiegoUnited States 53.910.9%7.5×18 -21.9%
8University of BernSwitzerland 53.711.6%5.9×8 +23.2%
9Guangdong Ocean UniversityChina 52.517.0%31.1×12 +349.4%
10University of Colorado BoulderUnited States 49.822.2%7.1×8 +5.8%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses, country by country

Is Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 2% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2021. The fastest-growing topics are Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.011% in 2024.

still counting0.010%0.020%Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses0.011% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses10.5% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

Questions people ask

Who leads ocean acidification research?

By volume in 2022-now, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique publishes the most Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses research, followed by Chinese Academy of Sciences and Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres. By volume, the United States and China publish the most (613 and 508 works in 2022-now).

All 1,273 questions in the Question Catalogue

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