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Topic · Electrical and Electronic Engineering

VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques

VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques is a research topic within Electrical and Electronic Engineering. Science Explorer counts 21k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the design, optimization, and challenges of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). It covers topics such as FPGA architecture, analog circuit design, graph partitioning for parallel computing, power optimization, CMOS design, and dynamic load balancing in computational mechanics.

  • FPGA
  • ASIC
  • Placement
  • Routing
  • Analog Circuits
  • Graph Partitioning
  • Power Optimization
  • CMOS Design
  • Dynamic Load Balancing
  • Geometric Programming
Research works
21k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
2.1k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+30%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
34% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques

Which countries lead VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (651 and 406 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 651 works
  2. 2 United States 406 works
  3. 3 India 368 works
  4. 4 Germany 105 works
  5. 5 South Korea 84 works
  6. 6 Taiwan 77 works
  7. 7 Japan 73 works
  8. 8 Canada 60 works
  9. 9 Russia 49 works
  10. 10 United Kingdom 49 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 33.9%United States: 21.1%India: 19.1%Germany: 5.4%6 others listed: 20.4%34%largest
China651 · 33.9%United States406 · 21.1%India368 · 19.1%Germany105 · 5.4%6 others listed392 · 20.4%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques research?

By volume in 2022-now, Fudan University publishes the most VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques research, followed by Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese University of Hong Kong.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Fudan UniversityChina 37 works
  2. 2 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 27 works
  3. 3 Chinese University of Hong KongChina 24 works
  4. 4 Tsinghua UniversityChina 23 works
  5. 5 Southeast UniversityChina 23 works
  6. 6 Peking UniversityChina 23 works
  7. 7 Intel (United States)United States 22 works
  8. 8 Xidian UniversityChina 17 works
  9. 9 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 17 works
  10. 10 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 15 works

Who are the leading researchers in VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques?

The most-cited researchers publishing on VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques include George Davey Smith, Kai You Wang and Christian Szegedy.

  1. 1 George Davey Smith United Kingdom 435k citations
  2. 2 Kai You Wang China 224k citations
  3. 3 Christian Szegedy United States 175k citations
  4. 4 Kalyanmoy Deb United States 171k citations
  5. 5 K. Satô France 148k citations
  6. 6 Stephen Boyd United States 142k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques?

The most cited paper in VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques is "Optimization by Simulated Annealing" (Scott Kirkpatrick, C. D. Gelatt, Mario P. Vecchi, 1983), with 45,251 citations. Next come "Multilayer feedforward networks are universal approximators" (21,792) and "Simple statistical gradient-following algorithms for connectionist reinforcement learning" (7,519).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Optimization by Simulated Annealing Scott Kirkpatrick, C. D. Gelatt, Mario P. Vecchi · Science 13 May 1983 45,251
2 Multilayer feedforward networks are universal approximators Kurt Hornik, Maxwell B. Stinchcombe, Halbert White · Neural Networks 1989 21,792
3 Simple statistical gradient-following algorithms for connectionist reinforcement learning Ronald J. Williams · Machine Learning Open access May 1992 7,519
4 Networks on chips: a new SoC paradigm Luca Benini, Giovanni De Micheli · Computer Open access 2002 3,769
5 Routing of multipoint connections Bernard M. Waxman · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 1988 2,897
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques research done?

The largest centres of VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Seoul (South Korea) and Nanjing (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Santa Clara and Hsinchu.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 133 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 86 works
  3. 3 SeoulSouth Korea 49 works
  4. 4 NanjingChina 44 works
  5. 5 Hong KongChina 40 works
  6. 6 ChennaiIndia 34 works
  7. 7 BengaluruIndia 31 works
  8. 8 Xi'anChina 29 works
  9. 9 TokyoJapan 29 works
  10. 10 HsinchuTaiwan 28 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. Santa ClaraUS · 25.0 works41×
  2. HsinchuTW · 28.4 works14×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques than the world average.

See VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques on the map

Where is the best place to study VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques?

Among universities, judged by research, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Peking University and Fudan University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 20.14%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Peking UniversityChinese University o…Georgia Institute of…Fudan University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Chinese University of Hong KongChina 85.124.7%16.0×24 +126.1%
2Peking UniversityChina 73.225.1%5.3×23 +318.5%
3Fudan UniversityChina 64.911.2%11.3×37 +111.5%
4Georgia Institute of TechnologyUnited States 63.520.5%11.6×15 +43.6%
5Tsinghua UniversityChina 57.420.0%4.9×23 +312.5%
6University of California San DiegoUnited States 56.530.9%5.7×11 -19.8%
7The University of Texas at AustinUnited States 55.824.7%7.4×13 -11.8%
8Xidian UniversityChina 52.616.1%11.0×17 +125.8%
9Southeast UniversityChina 51.89.8%7.4×23 +191.6%
10Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 47.418.4%2.8×17 +162.7%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques, country by country

Is VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 30% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2002. The fastest-growing topics are VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0089% in 2024.

still counting0.050%0.10%0.15%VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques0.013% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques9.8% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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