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Paraguay vs Réunion

On research quality in 2022-now, Paraguay ranks #98 in the world and Réunion #99, of 189 countries. Paraguay stands higher in 9 of the 10 fields both publish in, Réunion in 1.

Research profiles alike: 0.44similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Paraguay

World rank, 2022-now
#98
#127 all time
Works, 2022-now
6k
fractional
Top-10% rate
4.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
74%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Computer Science Applications, General Social Sciences, Pharmacy.

Réunion

World rank, 2022-now
#99
#96 all time
Works, 2022-now
1.4k
fractional
Top-10% rate
6.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
48%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Linguistics and Language, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Horticulture.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Réunion leads on 5 of 9 measures: excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, citations per work, international co-authorship and growth. Paraguay leads on 3 of 9 measures: research quality, output and open access. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Paraguay 31 level5 Réunion
  1. #98Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#99
  2. 0.66×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected1.00×
  3. 6kOutputfractional works, 2022-now1.4k
  4. 4.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited6.7%
  5. 4.0Citations per workall time, per fractional work10.5
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 74%Open accessof its works free to read, all time48%
  8. 29%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time42%
  9. +21%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+49%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Paraguay stands higher in 9 of 10 fields, Réunion in 1. Réunion leads most in Social Sciences (#100 against #102). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Paraguay 91 Réunion
  1. #111Agricultural and Biological Sciences-
  2. #100Business, Management and Accounting-
  3. #119Computer Science-
  4. #100Economics, Econometrics and Finance-
  5. #122Engineering-
  6. #103Environmental Science-
  7. #86Health Professions-
  8. #81Medicine-
  9. #80Psychology-
  10. #102Social Sciences#100

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Paraguay rankRéunion rank Paraguay top 10%Réunion top 10% Paraguay worksRéunion works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #111 - 3.3% - 420 -
Business, Management and Accounting #100 - 6.8% - 219 -
Computer Science #119 - 5.0% - 351 -
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #100 - 3.9% - 267 -
Engineering #122 - 2.6% - 235 -
Environmental Science #103 - 4.6% - 311 -
Health Professions #86 - 6.0% - 442 -
Medicine #81 - 3.4% - 1.2k -
Psychology #80 - 4.4% - 231 -
Social Sciences #102 #100 6.2% 5.4% 1.6k 478

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Paraguay

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology631▲ 2.3×135 topics
  2. Education529▲ 4.5×82 topics
  3. Public Health445▲ 4.5×63 topics
  4. Teacher Training396▲ 9.4×20 topics
  5. Innovation333▲ 4.7×46 topics
  6. Sustainability320▲ 1.91×84 topics
  7. Globalization310▲ 2.3×92 topics
  8. Educational Technology286▲ 3.5×35 topics
  9. Health Promotion274▲ 13×17 topics
  10. COVID-19266▲ 3.0×28 topics
  11. Small and Medium Enterprises261▲ 22×7 topics
  12. Digital Marketing258▲ 9.7×5 topics
  13. E-Learning256▲ 3.9×18 topics
  14. Mental Health250▲ 2.5×43 topics
  15. Distance Learning244▲ 10×9 topics
  16. Qualitative Research235▲ 4.0×26 topics
  17. Social Responsibility234▲ 15×7 topics
  18. Risk Factors231▲ 3.1×36 topics
  19. Economic Impact223▲ 6.1×9 topics
  20. Urban Development222▲ 9.2×12 topics
  21. Competitiveness222▲ 41×6 topics
  22. Knowledge Management221▲ 5.8×24 topics
  23. Inclusive Education220▲ 8.9×15 topics
  24. Innovation Ecosystems208▲ 30×2 topics
  25. Nutrition206▲ 6.8×14 topics
  26. Globalization Effects195▲ 41×2 topics
  27. Public Policy195▲ 6.0×18 topics
  28. Tourism Management194▲ 41×2 topics
  29. City Branding193▲ 45×1 topic
  30. Psychopharmacology Education193▲ 45×1 topic
  31. Pedagogy189▲ 5.5×16 topics
  32. Social Inequality182▲ 9.9×13 topics
  33. Social Impact180▲ 6.7×16 topics
  34. Healthcare Access178▲ 9.5×12 topics
  35. Curriculum Development177▲ 3.8×13 topics
  36. University Students154▲ 40×2 topics
  37. Organizational Culture147▲ 5.6×12 topics
  38. Latin America145▲ 11×22 topics
  39. Chronic Diseases143▲ 8.2×8 topics
  40. Educational Interventions132▲ 21×3 topics

Réunion

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Climate Change100▲ 2.2×81 topics
  2. Globalization94▲ 2.9×75 topics
  3. Migration90▲ 16×17 topics
  4. Identity89▲ 7.5×46 topics
  5. Epidemiology84▲ 1.29×119 topics
  6. Biogeography81▲ 18×19 topics
  7. Colonialism80▲ 10×31 topics
  8. Sociolinguistics76▲ 25×8 topics
  9. Social Justice75▲ 7.7×20 topics
  10. Gender71▲ 8.0×34 topics
  11. Cultural Diversity70▲ 19×10 topics
  12. Public Policy62▲ 7.9×17 topics
  13. Public Health60▲ 2.5×41 topics
  14. Multilingualism60▲ 23×5 topics
  15. Ethnicity59▲ 9.6×12 topics
  16. Sustainable Development58▲ 2.3×32 topics
  17. Community Engagement58▲ 11×11 topics
  18. Phylogeny56▲ 20×15 topics
  19. Territorial Governance55▲ 29×4 topics
  20. Gender Studies54▲ 22×11 topics
  21. Local Development54▲ 31×2 topics
  22. Healthcare Access49▲ 11×10 topics
  23. Politics48▲ 11×17 topics
  24. Culture44▲ 5.1×21 topics
  25. Social Movements43▲ 8.9×21 topics
  26. Religion40▲ 5.3×20 topics
  27. Citizen Participation39▲ 21×1 topic
  28. Environmental Participation39▲ 34×1 topic
  29. Nationalism38▲ 5.1×19 topics
  30. Educational Policies37▲ 21×2 topics
  31. Professional Practices37▲ 63×1 topic
  32. Public Action37▲ 63×1 topic
  33. Sociological Analysis37▲ 40×2 topics
  34. Discrimination35▲ 10×5 topics
  35. Social Inequality34▲ 7.8×4 topics
  36. French Territories34▲ 211×1 topic
  37. Migrant Workers34▲ 211×1 topic
  38. Intercultural Communication33▲ 44×2 topics
  39. Language Policy33▲ 14×4 topics
  40. Taxonomy31▲ 13×13 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Paraguay has out-published Réunion every year since 2009, when it overtook it.

still counting1k2kParaguay1,700 in 2025Réunion340 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.010%0.020%0.030%Paraguay0.029% in 2025Réunion0.0058% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Réunion7.8% in 2025Paraguay5.0% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Paraguay 05 level0 Réunion
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Paraguay or Réunion?

Paraguay publishes 4.3× as much research as Réunion in 2022-now (6k against 1.4k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Paraguay or Réunion?

6.7% of Réunion's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 4.7% for Paraguay.

Is Paraguay or Réunion growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +49% against 2018-21 for Réunion, and +21% for Paraguay.

Which has more open access research, Paraguay or Réunion?

74% of Paraguay's research is free to read, against 48% of Réunion's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Paraguay or Réunion?

Paraguay holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Réunion 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Paraguay

  1. 1Universidad Nacional de Asunción3.2% top 10% · 1.5k works
  2. 2Universidad Columbia del Paraguay2.7% top 10% · 405 works
  3. 3Universidad Nacional de Pilar5.4% top 10% · 403 works
  4. 4Universidad Americana5.7% top 10% · 289 works
  5. 5Universidad del Norte5.7% top 10% · 267 works
  6. 6Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción2.9% top 10% · 236 works

Réunion

  1. 1University of Reunion Island6.8% top 10% · 277 works
  2. 2Conseil Régional de La Réunion9.9% top 10% · 61 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Paraguay

  1. 1 Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse #195,631 worldwide 6.6k citations · 62 works
  2. 2 Antonio L. Cubilla #205,334 worldwide 15k citations · 209 works
  3. 3 Carlos Rigor Neves #356,442 worldwide 127 citations · 46 works
  4. 4 Jeffrey J. Thompson #362,725 worldwide 1.6k citations · 68 works
  5. 5 Gabriel Ignacio Parra #400,046 worldwide 4.9k citations · 114 works

Réunion

  1. 1 Riccardo Rodolfo‐Metalpa #183,527 worldwide 6.3k citations · 141 works
  2. 2 Fanny Houlbrèque #324,354 worldwide 4.6k citations · 113 works
  3. 3 Marie‐Paule Gonthier #329,865 worldwide 4.4k citations · 57 works
  4. 4 Silvia Iacobelli #550,826 worldwide 6.2k citations · 158 works
  5. 5 Philippe Lauret #572,523 worldwide 3.9k citations · 103 works