Rwanda vs Sierra Leone
On research quality in 2022-now, Rwanda ranks #69 in the world and Sierra Leone #112, of 189 countries. Rwanda stands higher in 7 of the 7 fields both publish in, Sierra Leone in 0.
Research profiles alike: 0.76very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Rwanda
- World rank, 2022-now
- #69
- #72 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 4.6k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 10.2%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 73%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Chemical Health and Safety, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Developmental Biology.
Sierra Leone
- World rank, 2022-now
- #112
- #98 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 1.1k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 6.6%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 68%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Horticulture, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Development.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Rwanda leads on 7 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate, open access, international co-authorship and growth. Sierra Leone leads on 1 of 9 measures: citations per work. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.
- #69Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#112
- 0.99×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.93×
- 4.6kOutputfractional works, 2022-now1.1k
- 10.2%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited6.6%
- 8.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work8.9
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 73%Open accessof its works free to read, all time68%
- 57%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time39%
- +111%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+104%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Rwanda stands higher in 7 of 7 fields, Sierra Leone in 0. Rwanda leads most in Medicine (#56 against #99). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- #68Agricultural and Biological Sciences-
- #78Business, Management and Accounting-
- #75Computer Science-
- #81Engineering-
- #56Environmental Science-
- #56Medicine#99
- #70Social Sciences#107
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Rwanda rank | Sierra Leone rank | Rwanda top 10% | Sierra Leone top 10% | Rwanda works | Sierra Leone works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | #68 | - | 13.9% | - | 263 | - |
| Business, Management and Accounting | #78 | - | 5.4% | - | 221 | - |
| Computer Science | #75 | - | 9.3% | - | 301 | - |
| Engineering | #81 | - | 8.8% | - | 331 | - |
| Environmental Science | #56 | - | 9.0% | - | 374 | - |
| Medicine | #56 | #99 | 10.4% | 8.7% | 890 | 209 |
| Social Sciences | #70 | #107 | 11.6% | 5.1% | 799 | 209 |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Rwanda
- Surgical Care
- Water Sanitation Hygiene
- Global Health
- Technology Integration
- Student Engagement
- Ethical Considerations
- Higher Education
- Health Systems
- Socio-economic Factors
- Risk Management
- Rwanda
- Middle East
- Risk Factors
- Politics
- Supply Chain Management
- Globalization
- Public Health
- Education
- Sustainability
- Epidemiology
- Climate Change
- Machine Learning
- Deep Learning
- Environmental Impact
- Educational Technology
- Remote Sensing
- Genocide
- Maternal Mortality
- Media
- Qatar
- Community Health Workers
- Health Inequalities
- Child Mortality
- Teaching Strategies
- Child Development
- Global Burden of Disease
- Medical Education
- Vaccine
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition
- Poverty Reduction
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Climate Change299▲ 1.99×104 topics
- Epidemiology291▲ 1.32×127 topics
- Machine Learning221▲ 1.20×84 topics
- Sustainability200▲ 1.48×92 topics
- Deep Learning169◆ 0.88×79 topics
- Education164▲ 1.73×70 topics
- Environmental Impact144▲ 1.53×58 topics
- Public Health141▲ 1.75×56 topics
- Educational Technology133▲ 2.0×30 topics
- Globalization129▲ 1.19×75 topics
- Remote Sensing123▲ 1.82×40 topics
- Supply Chain Management122▲ 2.5×21 topics
- Genocide120▲ 41×3 topics
- Politics114▲ 7.9×12 topics
- Maternal Mortality108▲ 8.7×5 topics
- Risk Factors106▲ 1.74×35 topics
- Media105▲ 13×5 topics
- Middle East105▲ 31×2 topics
- Qatar104▲ 104×1 topic
- Rwanda104▲ 104×1 topic
- Community Health Workers100▲ 20×2 topics
- Risk Management94▲ 3.6×14 topics
- Health Inequalities92▲ 14×5 topics
- Socio-economic Factors89▲ 14×3 topics
- Child Mortality89▲ 22×1 topic
- Health Systems89▲ 22×1 topic
- Teaching Strategies84▲ 5.4×5 topics
- Higher Education82▲ 2.8×22 topics
- Child Development82▲ 3.6×8 topics
- Ethical Considerations75▲ 3.9×15 topics
- Global Burden of Disease75▲ 5.5×4 topics
- Student Engagement74▲ 3.4×16 topics
- Medical Education71▲ 4.8×11 topics
- Technology Integration70▲ 4.0×10 topics
- Vaccine69▲ 3.1×11 topics
- Global Health68▲ 7.9×7 topics
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition63▲ 14×1 topic
- Water Sanitation Hygiene63▲ 14×1 topic
- Poverty Reduction60▲ 8.4×5 topics
- Surgical Care46▲ 15×2 topics
Sierra Leone
- Knowledge Economy
- Finance
- Inequality
- Global Burden of Disease
- Corruption
- Reservoirs
- Adaptation
- Transmission
- Genetic Diversity
- Infectious Diseases
- Economic Development
- Health Systems
- Poverty Reduction
- Community Health Workers
- Pathogenesis
- Maternal Mortality
- Fiscal Policy
- Public Health
- Globalization
- Economic Growth
- Epidemiology
- Climate Change
- Sustainability
- Environmental Impact
- Vaccine
- Governance
- Immune Response
- Health Inequalities
- Child Mortality
- Institutional Quality
- Risk Management
- Smallholder Farmers
- Regulation
- Outbreak
- Ebola Virus
- ICT
- Gender Equality
- Monetary Policy
- Global Health
- Inclusive Development
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology78▲ 1.48×79 topics
- Economic Growth68▲ 6.3×21 topics
- Climate Change66▲ 1.86×62 topics
- Globalization59▲ 2.3×48 topics
- Sustainability56▲ 1.76×50 topics
- Public Health45▲ 2.4×40 topics
- Environmental Impact41▲ 1.83×44 topics
- Fiscal Policy40▲ 15×6 topics
- Vaccine38▲ 7.3×10 topics
- Maternal Mortality37▲ 13×5 topics
- Governance36▲ 8.5×9 topics
- Pathogenesis36▲ 5.4×18 topics
- Immune Response36▲ 4.8×12 topics
- Community Health Workers35▲ 30×2 topics
- Health Inequalities34▲ 21×3 topics
- Poverty Reduction33▲ 19×5 topics
- Child Mortality32▲ 34×1 topic
- Health Systems32▲ 34×1 topic
- Institutional Quality31▲ 23×2 topics
- Economic Development30▲ 2.9×20 topics
- Risk Management30▲ 4.8×10 topics
- Infectious Diseases28▲ 6.4×8 topics
- Smallholder Farmers28▲ 10×5 topics
- Genetic Diversity27▲ 4.7×17 topics
- Regulation26▲ 3.8×11 topics
- Transmission26▲ 36×3 topics
- Outbreak24▲ 49×2 topics
- Adaptation24▲ 6.2×7 topics
- Ebola Virus24▲ 65×1 topic
- Reservoirs24▲ 65×1 topic
- ICT22▲ 13×3 topics
- Corruption22▲ 11×6 topics
- Gender Equality21▲ 5.8×11 topics
- Global Burden of Disease21▲ 6.4×4 topics
- Monetary Policy21▲ 6.6×7 topics
- Inequality20▲ 6.8×5 topics
- Global Health20▲ 9.6×4 topics
- Finance20▲ 8.1×3 topics
- Inclusive Development19▲ 33×2 topics
- Knowledge Economy18▲ 13×2 topics
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Rwanda has out-published Sierra Leone every year since 2000, when it overtook it.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Rwanda or Sierra Leone?
Rwanda publishes 4.2× as much research as Sierra Leone in 2022-now (4.6k against 1.1k fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Rwanda or Sierra Leone?
10.2% of Rwanda's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 6.6% for Sierra Leone.
Is Rwanda or Sierra Leone growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +111% against 2018-21 for Rwanda, and +104% for Sierra Leone.
Which has more open access research, Rwanda or Sierra Leone?
73% of Rwanda's research is free to read, against 68% of Sierra Leone's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Rwanda or Sierra Leone?
Rwanda holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Sierra Leone 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Rwanda
- 1University of Rwanda11.0% top 10% · 1.6k works
- 2University of Kigali6.7% top 10% · 612 works
- 3Ministry of Natural Resources12.5% top 10% · 458 works
- 4Rwanda Biomedical Center13.9% top 10% · 207 works
- 5University of Global Health Equity13.5% top 10% · 218 works
- 6Ministry of Education12.9% top 10% · 231 works
Sierra Leone
- 1University of Sierra Leone5.1% top 10% · 501 works
- 2Njala University6.9% top 10% · 307 works
- 3University of Makeni5.7% top 10% · 66 works
- 4Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute7.9% top 10% · 73 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Rwanda
- 1 Corine Karema #100,026 worldwide 84k citations · 83 works
- 2 Claude Mambo Muvunyi #103,506 worldwide 4.7k citations · 224 works
- 3 Agnès Binagwaho #112,520 worldwide 24k citations · 297 works
- 4 Ainhoa Costas‐Chavarri #144,195 worldwide 4.1k citations · 51 works
- 5 Pierre Gashema #164,832 worldwide 531 citations · 71 works
Sierra Leone
- 1 Haja Ramatulai Wurie #161,092 worldwide 2.4k citations · 68 works
- 2 Amara Jambai #176,221 worldwide 3.4k citations · 97 works
- 3 Rashid Ansumana #239,551 worldwide 4.4k citations · 163 works
- 4 Abdul Salami Bah #270,549 worldwide 111 citations · 29 works
- 5 Augustus Osborne #296,042 worldwide 4k citations · 162 works