Somalia vs Zambia
On research quality in 2022-now, Zambia ranks #81 in the world and Somalia #146, of 189 countries. Somalia stands higher in 0 of the 10 fields both publish in, Zambia in 10.
Research profiles alike: 0.86very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Somalia
- World rank, 2022-now
- #146
- #183 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 2.5k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 10.2%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 81%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health.
Zambia
- World rank, 2022-now
- #81
- #70 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 6.6k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 5.9%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 71%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Insect Science, Aquatic Science, Business and International Management.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Somalia leads on 4 of 9 measures: top-10% rate, open access, international co-authorship and growth. Zambia leads on 4 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output and citations per work. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.
- #146Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#81
- 0.71×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.80×
- 2.5kOutputfractional works, 2022-now6.6k
- 10.2%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited5.9%
- 4.8Citations per workall time, per fractional work9.8
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 81%Open accessof its works free to read, all time71%
- 50%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time44%
- +194%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+97%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Somalia stands higher in 0 of 10 fields, Zambia in 10. Zambia leads most in Medicine (#66 against #126). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- -Agricultural and Biological Sciences#77
- -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#67
- -Business, Management and Accounting#86
- -Computer Science#110
- -Economics, Econometrics and Finance#76
- -Engineering#103
- -Environmental Science#83
- -Health Professions#74
- #126Medicine#66
- #117Social Sciences#98
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Somalia rank | Zambia rank | Somalia top 10% | Zambia top 10% | Somalia works | Zambia works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | - | #77 | - | 4.0% | - | 1.1k |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | - | #67 | - | 3.8% | - | 410 |
| Business, Management and Accounting | - | #86 | - | 5.1% | - | 530 |
| Computer Science | - | #110 | - | 6.5% | - | 236 |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | - | #76 | - | 4.8% | - | 329 |
| Engineering | - | #103 | - | 6.2% | - | 331 |
| Environmental Science | - | #83 | - | 5.8% | - | 480 |
| Health Professions | - | #74 | - | 6.5% | - | 262 |
| Medicine | #126 | #66 | 5.7% | 7.2% | 959 | 1.2k |
| Social Sciences | #117 | #98 | 14.5% | 7.4% | 413 | 887 |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Somalia
- Respiratory Infections
- Global Health
- Water Sanitation Hygiene
- Agriculture
- Global Burden of Disease
- Mortality
- Global Burden
- Risk Management
- Management
- Child Mortality
- Pathogenesis
- Vaccine
- Community Health Workers
- Education
- Risk Factors
- Renewable Energy
- Treatment
- Public Health
- Sustainability
- Globalization
- Epidemiology
- Climate Change
- Economic Growth
- Inflammation
- Maternal Mortality
- Diagnosis
- COVID-19
- Immune Response
- Health Inequalities
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Socio-economic Factors
- Health Systems
- Child Development
- Poverty Reduction
- Food Security
- Governance
- Vulnerability
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition
- Conflict
- Gender Inequality
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology316▲ 2.4×129 topics
- Globalization122▲ 1.90×80 topics
- Climate Change118▲ 1.32×67 topics
- Sustainability107▲ 1.34×62 topics
- Economic Growth100▲ 3.8×23 topics
- Public Health96▲ 2.0×57 topics
- Inflammation94▲ 1.36×73 topics
- Treatment92▲ 2.3×51 topics
- Maternal Mortality90▲ 12×5 topics
- Renewable Energy86▲ 1.81×33 topics
- Diagnosis82▲ 2.7×41 topics
- Risk Factors82▲ 2.3×36 topics
- COVID-1979▲ 1.85×31 topics
- Education77▲ 1.37×69 topics
- Immune Response70▲ 3.8×20 topics
- Community Health Workers69▲ 24×2 topics
- Health Inequalities69▲ 17×4 topics
- Vaccine69▲ 5.3×11 topics
- Cardiovascular Disease69▲ 1.84×37 topics
- Pathogenesis66▲ 3.9×24 topics
- Socio-economic Factors64▲ 18×2 topics
- Child Mortality64▲ 27×1 topic
- Health Systems64▲ 27×1 topic
- Management64▲ 2.4×32 topics
- Child Development60▲ 4.4×8 topics
- Risk Management57▲ 3.7×12 topics
- Poverty Reduction57▲ 13×5 topics
- Global Burden55▲ 3.1×12 topics
- Food Security52▲ 2.9×15 topics
- Mortality51▲ 2.7×13 topics
- Governance48▲ 4.5×13 topics
- Global Burden of Disease46▲ 5.6×4 topics
- Vulnerability45▲ 5.9×5 topics
- Agriculture45▲ 3.6×12 topics
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition42▲ 16×1 topic
- Water Sanitation Hygiene42▲ 16×1 topic
- Conflict40▲ 7.5×10 topics
- Global Health35▲ 6.9×6 topics
- Gender Inequality34▲ 7.4×5 topics
- Respiratory Infections33▲ 8.8×3 topics
Zambia
- Morphology
- Child Mortality
- Health Inequalities
- Vaccine
- Antiretroviral Therapy
- Chemical Ecology
- Pheromones
- Food Security
- Economic Growth
- Environmental Challenge
- Social Capital
- Pest Management
- Host Specificity
- Lepidoptera
- Biological Control
- Evolution
- Conservation
- Invasive Species
- Climate Change
- Biodiversity
- Epidemiology
- Sustainability
- Phylogeny
- DNA Barcoding
- Taxonomy
- Environmental Impact
- Cryptic Species
- Molecular Phylogenetics
- Ecological Impact
- Sustainable Energy
- Economic Assessment
- Water Hyacinth
- Economic Development
- Poverty Reduction
- Genetic Diversity
- Odor Source Localization
- Maternal Mortality
- Community Health Workers
- Socio-economic Factors
- Health Systems
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology502▲ 1.57×133 topics
- Biodiversity393▲ 6.4×34 topics
- Sustainability366▲ 1.86×95 topics
- Climate Change347▲ 1.59×107 topics
- Phylogeny319▲ 24×16 topics
- Invasive Species310▲ 9.1×21 topics
- DNA Barcoding306▲ 22×9 topics
- Conservation299▲ 8.7×21 topics
- Taxonomy294▲ 25×13 topics
- Evolution291▲ 14×15 topics
- Environmental Impact277▲ 2.0×59 topics
- Biological Control267▲ 22×9 topics
- Cryptic Species240▲ 117×2 topics
- Lepidoptera238▲ 156×1 topic
- Molecular Phylogenetics238▲ 156×1 topic
- Host Specificity220▲ 24×5 topics
- Ecological Impact202▲ 48×3 topics
- Pest Management200▲ 30×5 topics
- Sustainable Energy198▲ 13×4 topics
- Social Capital197▲ 4.7×20 topics
- Economic Assessment191▲ 87×2 topics
- Environmental Challenge191▲ 193×1 topic
- Water Hyacinth191▲ 193×1 topic
- Economic Growth179▲ 2.7×31 topics
- Economic Development171▲ 2.7×40 topics
- Food Security166▲ 3.8×21 topics
- Poverty Reduction159▲ 15×6 topics
- Pheromones142▲ 33×3 topics
- Genetic Diversity140▲ 4.0×21 topics
- Chemical Ecology139▲ 182×1 topic
- Odor Source Localization139▲ 182×1 topic
- Antiretroviral Therapy136▲ 10×6 topics
- Maternal Mortality132▲ 7.3×5 topics
- Vaccine132▲ 4.1×11 topics
- Community Health Workers121▲ 17×2 topics
- Health Inequalities114▲ 12×5 topics
- Socio-economic Factors111▲ 12×3 topics
- Child Mortality109▲ 19×1 topic
- Health Systems109▲ 19×1 topic
- Morphology106▲ 7.4×9 topics
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Zambia has out-published Somalia every year since 1980.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Somalia or Zambia?
Zambia publishes 2.6× as much research as Somalia in 2022-now (6.6k against 2.5k fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Somalia or Zambia?
10.2% of Somalia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 5.9% for Zambia.
Is Somalia or Zambia growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +194% against 2018-21 for Somalia, and +97% for Zambia.
Which has more open access research, Somalia or Zambia?
81% of Somalia's research is free to read, against 71% of Zambia's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Somalia or Zambia?
Somalia holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Zambia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Somalia
- 1SIMAD University20.2% top 10% · 423 works
- 2Somali National University13.1% top 10% · 179 works
- 3University of Somalia8.9% top 10% · 139 works
- 4Jamhuriya University of Science and Technology21.2% top 10% · 128 works
- 5Mogadishu University10.0% top 10% · 153 works
- 6Amoud University17.8% top 10% · 94 works
Zambia
- 1University of Zambia4.1% top 10% · 3k works
- 2Copperbelt University9.9% top 10% · 442 works
- 3University of Lusaka7.1% top 10% · 297 works
- 4Kwame Nkrumah University5.9% top 10% · 419 works
- 5University Teaching Hospital4.8% top 10% · 423 works
- 6Mulungushi University7.8% top 10% · 196 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Somalia
- 1 Jama Mohamed #49,156 worldwide 20k citations · 51 works
- 2 Abdikafi Hassan Abdi #80,606 worldwide 681 citations · 53 works
- 3 Abdimalik Ali Warsame #155,996 worldwide 1.2k citations · 67 works
- 4 Ahmed Ismail Mohamed #279,065 worldwide 9.3k citations · 42 works
- 5 Bashir Mohamed Osman #336,096 worldwide 1.3k citations · 28 works
Zambia
- 1 Ramasamy Subbaiya #37,734 worldwide 6.1k citations · 110 works
- 2 Matthew Bates #121,851 worldwide 9.2k citations · 157 works
- 3 Duncan M Chanda #189,837 worldwide 4.7k citations · 83 works
- 4 Enock Siankwilimba #204,647 worldwide 585 citations · 58 works
- 5 Monde Muyoyeta #219,462 worldwide 3.4k citations · 135 works