Science Explorer Back to mapMap
Discussion
Nonprofit · Cambridge · United States

Machine Science

In research, Machine Science stands highest in Physical Sciences (#5,400 of 10,670 worldwide), 2022-now. Relative to its size it is most specialised in Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence is 6.9× its share of world research).

machinescience.orgROR OpenAlex
World rank, 2022-now
#11,882
of 22,385 · #9,995 all time
Rank in United States
#1,669
of 3,332
Research works
776
▲ 43% vs 2018-21
Citations
4.6k
5.9 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
6.1%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.92×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
54%
world 40%
International
28%
world 18%
Machine Science

What is Machine Science known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, 2022-now, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
Physical SciencesDomain #5,400 of 10,670 6.1%101 #4703

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where Machine Science sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which fields of science does Machine Science work in?

In 2022-now, 70% of research at Machine Science is in Physical Sciences, 15% in Social Sciences. Its largest fields are Computer Science (33%), Engineering (23%), Medicine (7%). It does 1.8× the world's share of Physical Sciences.

Physical Sciences: 170 fractional works · 70.1% of its workComputer Science: 81 fractional works · 33.4% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 41 fractional works · 16.7% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 10 fractional works · 4.2% of its workInformation Systems: 10 fractional works · 4.0% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 7 fractional works · 2.8% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 6 fractional works · 2.7% of its workSignal Processing: 3 fractional works · 1.3% of its workComputer Science Applications: 2 fractional works · 0.7% of its workHuman-Computer Interaction: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSoftware: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEngineering: 57 fractional works · 23.4% of its workMechanical Engineering: 12 fractional works · 5.0% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 7 fractional works · 2.8% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 7 fractional works · 2.8% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 5 fractional works · 2.2% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 5 fractional works · 2.1% of its workMechanics of Materials: 4 fractional works · 1.8% of its workAerospace Engineering: 4 fractional works · 1.7% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 3 fractional works · 1.3% of its workComputational Mechanics: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workMedia Technology: 2 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workBuilding and Construction: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workOcean Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 11 fractional works · 4.5% of its workAstronomy and Astrophysics: 6 fractional works · 2.5% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 2 fractional works · 0.8% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workRadiation: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNuclear and High Energy Physics: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMathematics: 11 fractional works · 4.4% of its workMathematical Physics: 3 fractional works · 1.2% of its workStatistics and Probability: 2 fractional works · 0.8% of its workComputational Mathematics: 2 fractional works · 0.7% of its workApplied Mathematics: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAlgebra and Number Theory: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeometry and Topology: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMaterials Science: 5 fractional works · 2.2% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 3 fractional works · 1.3% of its workGeneral Materials Science: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPolymers and Plastics: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workCeramics and Composites: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnvironmental Science: 3 fractional works · 1.3% of its workEcology: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnergy: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workChemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workSocial Sciences: 36 fractional works · 14.8% of its workSocial Sciences: 15 fractional works · 6.2% of its workSafety Research: 7 fractional works · 3.1% of its workSociology and Political Science: 3 fractional works · 1.3% of its workEducation: 2 fractional works · 1.0% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workDecision Sciences: 6 fractional works · 2.6% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 4 fractional works · 1.7% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 6 fractional works · 2.4% of its workManagement Information Systems: 2 fractional works · 0.9% of its workStrategy and Management: 2 fractional works · 0.8% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPsychology: 4 fractional works · 1.7% of its workClinical Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSocial Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workApplied Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 3 fractional works · 1.1% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 2 fractional works · 0.9% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workArts and Humanities: 2 fractional works · 0.7% of its workArcheology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth Sciences: 23 fractional works · 9.5% of its workMedicine: 16 fractional works · 6.8% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 3 fractional works · 1.3% of its workHealth Informatics: 2 fractional works · 0.9% of its workOtorhinolaryngology: 2 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSurgery: 2 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEpidemiology: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNeurology: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOncology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhysiology: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 1.3% of its workHealth Professions: 4 fractional works · 1.6% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 2 fractional works · 0.7% of its workHealth Information Management: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workRadiological and Ultrasound Technology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDentistry: 3 fractional works · 1.1% of its workOral Surgery: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPeriodontics: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workVeterinary: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workLife Sciences: 13 fractional works · 5.6% of its workNeuroscience: 6 fractional works · 2.5% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 4 fractional works · 1.8% of its workNeurology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 6 fractional works · 2.5% of its workMolecular Biology: 4 fractional works · 1.5% of its workGenetics: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKMachine Science242fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences6%Physical Sciences70%Health Sciences10%Social Sciences15%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 25 fields, with their numbers
    1. Computer Science8133.4%
    2. Engineering5723.4%
    3. Physics and Astronomy114.5%
    4. Mathematics114.4%
    5. Materials Science52.2%
    6. Environmental Science31.3%
    7. Energy10.5%
    8. Chemistry10.3%
    9. Earth and Planetary Sciences00.2%
    10. Chemical Engineering00.1%
    1. Social Sciences156.2%
    2. Decision Sciences62.6%
    3. Business, Management and Accounting62.4%
    4. Psychology41.7%
    5. Economics, Econometrics and Finance31.1%
    6. Arts and Humanities20.7%
    1. Medicine166.8%
    2. Health Professions41.6%
    3. Dentistry31.1%
    4. Veterinary00.0%
    1. Neuroscience62.5%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology62.5%
    3. Agricultural and Biological Sciences10.5%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology00.1%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics00.1%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What does Machine Science specialise in?

Where its research is concentrated relative to its size: Artificial Intelligence takes 6.9× the share of its output that it takes of world research.

  1. Artificial IntelligenceSubfield · 40.6 works6.9×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient, a volume reading rather than an impact one. It surfaces small, lopsided specialities.

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.10× its world share, 1 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.46× its world share, 6 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.10× its world share, 0 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 1.53× its world share, 6 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.20× its world share, 0 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.31× its world share, 0 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.17× its world share, 1 worksChemistryComputer Science: 4.30× its world share, 81 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.10× its world share, 0 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.51× its world share, 1 worksEnergyEngineering: 1.56× its world share, 57 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.26× its world share, 3 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.62× its world share, 5 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 3.75× its world share, 11 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 2.02× its world share, 11 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 2.22× its world share, 3 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 0.62× its world share, 4 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.35× its world share, 16 worksMedicineVeterinary: 0.20× its world share, 0 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 0.24× its world share, 2 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.75× its world share, 6 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 2.74× its world share, 6 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 0.52× its world share, 3 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 0.57× its world share, 4 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.49× its world share, 15 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Computer Science, 4.3×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 25 fields, with their numbers
  1. Computer Science4.30×81 works
  2. Mathematics3.75×11 works
  3. Decision Sciences2.74×6 works
  4. Dentistry2.22×3 works
  5. Physics and Astronomy2.02×11 works
  6. Engineering1.56×57 works
  7. Neuroscience1.53×6 works
  8. Business, Management and Accounting0.75×6 works
  9. Materials Science0.62×5 works
  10. Health Professions0.62×4 works
  11. Psychology0.57×4 works
  12. Economics, Econometrics and Finance0.52×3 works
  13. Energy0.51×1 works
  14. Social Sciences0.49×15 works
  15. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.46×6 works
  16. Medicine0.35×16 works
  17. Chemical Engineering0.31×0 works
  18. Environmental Science0.26×3 works
  19. Arts and Humanities0.24×2 works
  20. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics0.20×0 works
  21. Veterinary0.20×0 works
  22. Chemistry0.17×1 works
  23. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.10×1 works
  24. Immunology and Microbiology0.10×0 works
  25. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.10×0 works

Who are the top researchers at Machine Science?

Ranked on the quality score, Ralph E. Flanders, Youssef Allouah and R.M. Matveevsky lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Machine Science.

  1. 1 Ralph E. Flanders United States · #2,744,357 worldwide 41 citations · 56 works
  2. 2 Youssef Allouah United States · #3,161,488 worldwide 21 citations · 16 works
  3. 3 R.M. Matveevsky United States · #3,638,339 worldwide 236 citations · 20 works
  4. 4 Heidi Bennett United States · #3,912,168 worldwide 0 citations · 20 works
  5. 5 William Pratt United States · #4,034,909 worldwide 664 citations · 75 works
  6. 6 P. I. Perlin United States · #4,244,430 worldwide 229 citations · 16 works
  7. 7 P. I. Ulyakov United States · #4,588,474 worldwide 9 citations · 18 works
  8. 8 S. V. Serensen United States · #4,673,725 worldwide 64 citations · 28 works
All ranked researchers at Machine Science

What are the most cited papers from Machine Science?

The most cited paper from Machine Science is "Interactive Robots as Social Partners and Peer Tutors for Children: A Field Trial" (Takayuki Kanda, Takayuki Hirano, Daniel Eaton et al., 2004), with 704 citations. Next come "Ancestral graph Markov models" (578) and "Fracture mechanics of piezoelectric materials" (525).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Interactive Robots as Social Partners and Peer Tutors for Children: A Field Trial Takayuki Kanda, Takayuki Hirano, Daniel Eaton et al. · Human-Computer Interaction Open access 28 May 2004 704
2 Ancestral graph Markov models Thomas S. Richardson, Peter Spirtes · The Annals of Statistics Aug 2002 578
3 Fracture mechanics of piezoelectric materials Vladimir Z. Parton · Acta Astronautica Sep 1976 525
4 Competence-based Curriculum Learning for Neural Machine Translation Emmanouil Antonios Platanios, Otilia Stretcu, Graham Neubig et al. Conference paperOpen access 2019 321
5 Latent Multi-Task Architecture Learning Sebastian Ruder, Joachim Bingel, Isabelle Augenstein et al. · AAAI Publications (The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)) Open access 17 Jul 2019 304
All 60 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Machine Science?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Neural Networks, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, Security, Surveillance and Algorithmic Bias.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Machine Learning43▲ 5.3×57 topics
  2. Deep Learning34▲ 4.1×53 topics
  3. Neural Networks21▲ 5.5×26 topics
  4. Big Data18▲ 7.7×11 topics
  5. Artificial Intelligence17▲ 5.0×21 topics
  6. Security12▲ 7.2×11 topics
  7. Healthcare9▲ 3.1×12 topics
  8. Surveillance9▲ 13×3 topics
  9. Ethics8▲ 6.4×3 topics
  10. Algorithmic Bias8▲ 36×1 topic
  11. Fairness8▲ 30×1 topic
  12. Deep Neural Networks6▲ 22×3 topics
  13. Adversarial Examples6▲ 46×1 topic
  14. Energy Efficiency6▲ 2.8×17 topics
  15. Robustness6▲ 46×1 topic
  16. Mechanical Properties6▲ 2.5×18 topics
  17. Data Mining6▲ 3.2×10 topics
  18. Convolutional Neural Networks6▲ 3.2×9 topics
  19. Medical Imaging6▲ 4.3×6 topics
  20. Internet of Things5▲ 2.5×8 topics
  21. Interpretable Models5▲ 40×1 topic
  22. Machine Learning Interpretability5▲ 40×1 topic
  23. Feature Extraction5▲ 4.5×7 topics
  24. Supply Chain Management5▲ 2.2×10 topics
  25. Precision Medicine5▲ 3.8×6 topics
  26. Cloud Computing4▲ 6.2×5 topics
  27. Knowledge Representation4▲ 20×4 topics
  28. Cybersecurity4▲ 6.2×3 topics
  29. Fault Tolerance4▲ 9.3×4 topics
  30. Representation Learning3▲ 8.9×3 topics
  31. Cyber-Physical Systems3▲ 5.1×5 topics
  32. Information Retrieval3▲ 5.8×4 topics
  33. Semi-Supervised Learning3▲ 10×3 topics
  34. Time Series3▲ 7.3×3 topics
  35. Data Integration3▲ 6.9×3 topics
  36. Solar Wind3▲ 12×2 topics
  37. Tool Wear3▲ 8.6×3 topics
  38. Bayesian Networks2▲ 11×3 topics
  39. Semantic Web2▲ 11×4 topics
  40. Word Representation2▲ 8.4×1 topic

Which research topics does Machine Science publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Ethics and Social Impacts of AI, Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and Topic Modeling.

Ethics and Social Impact…8Ethics and Social Impacts of AI: 8 fractional worksAdversarial Robustness in Machine Learning: 6 fractional worksExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): 5 fractional worksTopic Modeling2Topic Modeling: 2 fractional worksArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education: 2 fractional worksComputability, Logic, AI Algorithms: 2 fractional worksMultimodal Machine Learning Applications: 2 fractional worksManufacturing Process and Optimization: 2 fractional worksIntelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning: 2 fractional worksSpectral Theory in Mathematical Physics: 2 fractional works
Safety ResearchArtificial IntelligenceHealth InformaticsComputational Theory and Mathematics3 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Ethics and Social Impacts of AI Safety Research 8 works
  2. 2 Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence 6 works
  3. 3 Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Artificial Intelligence 5 works
  4. 4 Topic Modeling Artificial Intelligence 2 works
  5. 5 Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education Health Informatics 2 works
  6. 6 Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms Computational Theory and Mathematics 2 works
  7. 7 Multimodal Machine Learning Applications Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2 works
  8. 8 Manufacturing Process and Optimization Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering 2 works
  9. 9 Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning Artificial Intelligence 2 works
  10. 10 Spectral Theory in Mathematical Physics Mathematical Physics 2 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available53.5%not open46.5%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors27.8%domestic only72.2%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Machine Science's research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 43% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Machine Science as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.00059% in 2024.

still counting0.0010%0.0020%0.0030%Machine Science0.0011% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Machine Science over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting5%10%15%all institutions10.0% in 2025Machine Science8.8% in 20252020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 8.8% in 2025.

Other research institutions in Cambridge

All research institutions in Cambridge

Share Machine Science's ranking

Machine Science on Science Explorer

A card with Machine Science's standing and the fields it leads in, for a post or a slide. A link to this page previews as the same card.

Download the card

1200 × 630 PNG, sized for social posts, drawn from the latest snapshot.

Badges for a website1Each links back here and updates with every snapshot

Research measures only: rankings here say nothing about teaching, admissions or student experience. Comparable institutions and collaboration partners have tabs of their own, above.

Discussion

Ask a question or share a note about Machine Science. Posts are plain text and can be reported.