Geological formations and processes

Geological formations and processes is a research topic within Earth-Surface Processes. Science Explorer counts 48k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers explores the various processes and mechanisms involved in sedimentation, including fluvial systems, sequence stratigraphy, turbidity currents, submarine landslides, delta evolution, and subaqueous sediment density flows. It also delves into the tectonic and Holocene development aspects influencing sedimentary deposition in Earth's geological history.

Sedimentation
Fluvial Systems
Sequence Stratigraphy
Turbidity Currents
Submarine Landslides
Delta Evolution
Sedimentary Deposition
Tectonics
Subaqueous Sediment Density Flows
Holocene Development

Research works: 48k
In the world top 10%: 4.8k
Top-10% rate: 10.0%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25: -11%
Largest producer: China

Geological formations and processes

Which countries lead Geological formations and processes research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (1.4k and 1.1k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

1 China 1.4k works
2 United States 1.1k works
3 France 377 works
4 United Kingdom 351 works
5 Brazil 340 works
6 Germany 301 works
7 India 286 works
8 Italy 199 works
9 Canada 192 works
10 Spain 185 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China1,431 · 30.2%United States1,077 · 22.7%France377 · 8.0%United Kingdom351 · 7.4%6 others listed1,502 · 31.7%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Geological formations and processes research?

By volume in 2022-now, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique publishes the most Geological formations and processes research, followed by Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Petroleum Corporation (China).

By volume, 2022-now

1 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 169 works
2 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 150 works
3 China National Petroleum Corporation (China)China 87 works
4 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 67 works
5 United States Geological SurveyUnited States 59 works
6 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasArgentina 47 works
7 China University of GeosciencesChina 46 works
8 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSpain 44 works
9 China University of Geosciences (Beijing)China 42 works
10 Ministry of Natural ResourcesChina 42 works

Who are the leading researchers in Geological formations and processes?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Geological formations and processes include Philippe Ciais and P. Jackson.

1 Philippe Ciais France 237k citations
2 P. Jackson France 230k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Geological formations and processes?

The most cited paper in Geological formations and processes is "A Pliocene‐Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ 18 O records" (L. E. Lisiecki, Maureen E. Raymo, 2005), with 7,604 citations. Next come "Chronology of Fluctuating Sea Levels Since the Triassic" (7,338) and "Geophysical Fluid Dynamics" (4,693).

Most cited papers
#	Paper	Released	Citations
1	A Pliocene‐Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ 18 O records L. E. Lisiecki, Maureen E. Raymo · Paleoceanography Open access	17 Jan 2005	7,604
2	Chronology of Fluctuating Sea Levels Since the Triassic Bilal Ul Haq, Jan Hardenbol, Peter R. Vail · Science	6 Mar 1987	7,338
3	Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Joseph Pedlosky, S. Leibovich · Journal of Applied Mechanics	Sep 1981	4,693
4	GRADISTAT: a grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments Simon J. Blott, Kenneth Pye · Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Open access	28 Sep 2001	4,427
5	Assembly, configuration, and break-up history of Rodinia: A synthesis Zheng‐Xiang Li, Svetlana Bogdanova, Alan Stephen Collins et al. · Precambrian Research	26 Jun 2007	3,470

All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Geological formations and processes research done?

The largest centres of Geological formations and processes research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Qingdao (China), Paris (France) and Nanjing (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Reston.

Largest cities, 2022-now

1 BeijingChina 487 works
2 QingdaoChina 134 works
3 ParisFrance 117 works
4 NanjingChina 89 works
5 Rio de JaneiroBrazil 78 works
6 WuhanChina 67 works
7 GuangzhouChina 67 works
8 ChengduChina 64 works
9 MoscowRussia 63 works
10 LondonUnited Kingdom 62 works

Where it is the local speciality

RestonUS · 45.1 works30×

← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Geological formations and processes than the world average.

See Geological formations and processes on the map

Where is the best place to study Geological formations and processes?

Among universities, judged by research, Ocean University of China, China University of Geosciences and Utrecht University score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged

40%

Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share

10%

Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale

30%

Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%

10%

Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad

10%

Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.

#	University	Score	Top 10%	Specialisation	Works	Growth
1	Ocean University of ChinaChina	75.2	18.2%	11.9×	35	+34.0%
2	China University of GeosciencesChina	72.3	16.2%	17.3×	46	+5.1%
3	Utrecht UniversityNetherlands	70.2	17.3%	7.4×	31	-48.7%
4	Tongji UniversityChina	67.9	18.7%	2.5×	22	+20.0%
5	University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChina	62.4	22.0%	2.5×	24	-3.5%
6	Hohai UniversityChina	61.7	16.6%	7.2×	25	+21.2%
7	East China Normal UniversityChina	61.5	21.5%	6.6×	19	-22.8%
8	Chengdu University of TechnologyChina	61.0	12.4%	15.1×	34	+69.7%
9	University of LeedsUnited Kingdom	60.8	18.5%	5.8×	19	-42.5%
10	Nanjing UniversityChina	60.3	17.0%	4.0×	22	+22.2%
11	University of BergenNorway	60.2	13.2%	9.6×	18	-21.2%
12	King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsSaudi Arabia	58.3	15.6%	8.0×	16	+59.2%
13	University of PotsdamGermany	58.2	21.1%	7.5×	10	-23.2%
14	Lanzhou UniversityChina	57.3	18.5%	4.7×	19	-3.8%
15	China University of Petroleum, East ChinaChina	57.2	11.2%	9.6×	26	+30.1%
16	The University of Texas at AustinUnited States	55.8	8.0%	7.7×	38	-20.7%
17	King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologySaudi Arabia	55.7	14.0%	5.0×	8	+198.9%
18	China University of Petroleum, BeijingChina	55.4	11.1%	16.1×	37	-6.6%
19	Delft University of TechnologyNetherlands	55.2	15.9%	5.2×	20	-21.7%
20	China University of Geosciences (Beijing)China	55.0	8.5%	25.2×	42	-6.2%
21	ETH ZurichSwitzerland	55.0	20.0%	2.8×	11	-39.8%
22	University of BremenGermany	53.2	15.8%	11.7×	16	-44.7%
23	Zhejiang Ocean UniversityChina	53.1	16.3%	12.2×	12	+34.1%
24	Durham UniversityUnited Kingdom	52.9	15.2%	7.8×	17	-19.0%
25	Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina	52.2	16.2%	1.3×	16	+35.4%
26	University of BernSwitzerland	51.1	19.8%	3.1×	10	-31.1%
27	Columbia UniversityUnited States	50.5	14.4%	2.1×	14	-23.5%
28	Southwest Petroleum UniversityChina	50.0	13.5%	8.8×	16	+91.5%
29	Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazil	48.4	6.4%	5.9×	27	+10.3%
30	University of PaduaItaly	48.2	21.4%	2.2×	10	-48.1%
31	University of CambridgeUnited Kingdom	46.8	14.2%	1.9×	13	-44.9%
32	Northwest UniversityChina	46.6	8.6%	9.9×	17	+9.6%
33	Zhejiang UniversityChina	46.1	15.2%	1.0×	15	+25.0%
34	Yangtze UniversityChina	45.9	6.2%	18.2×	24	+65.3%
35	University College LondonUnited Kingdom	45.8	21.2%	1.2×	12	-35.1%
36	University of OxfordUnited Kingdom	44.8	12.0%	1.7×	14	-25.8%
37	University of California, Santa BarbaraUnited States	44.6	16.2%	4.6×	8	-29.8%
38	Universitat de BarcelonaSpain	43.8	10.2%	3.9×	17	-11.1%
39	Imperial College LondonUnited Kingdom	43.7	4.9%	3.1×	18	-43.3%
40	Indian Institute of Technology BombayIndia	43.6	23.9%	3.5×	9	-6.2%
41	University of WollongongAustralia	42.4	15.7%	5.4×	9	-33.9%
42	University of AberdeenUnited Kingdom	41.9	5.8%	12.9×	16	-28.4%
43	Royal Holloway University of LondonUnited Kingdom	41.9	12.5%	14.5×	10	-54.6%
44	University of LiverpoolUnited Kingdom	40.8	11.1%	3.3×	11	-32.8%
45	The University of Western AustraliaAustralia	38.9	13.0%	4.2×	10	-27.3%
46	Université Paris Sciences et LettresFrance	32.0	7.2%	4.2×	9	+1.0%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Geological formations and processes, country by country

Is Geological formations and processes research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 11% lower than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2009.

grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Geological formations and processes as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.024% in 2024.

Fractional works of Geological formations and processes over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

Discussion

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Which countries lead Geological formations and processes research?

By volume, 2022-now

How concentrated that is

Which institutions lead Geological formations and processes research?

By volume, 2022-now

Who are the leading researchers in Geological formations and processes?

What are the most cited papers in Geological formations and processes?

Where is Geological formations and processes research done?

Largest cities, 2022-now

Where it is the local speciality

Where is the best place to study Geological formations and processes?

Is Geological formations and processes research growing?

Its share of all research

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Which topics inside it are moving

Related research

Discussion