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Topic · Biomedical Engineering

Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques

Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques is a research topic within Biomedical Engineering. Science Explorer counts 21k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers covers advances in nanoscale lithographic patterning techniques, including nanoimprint technology, dip-pen nanolithography, microcontact printing, and soft lithography. The research focuses on high-resolution patterning using polymer stamps and its applications in various fields, including biological applications.

  • Nanolithography
  • Soft Lithography
  • Nanoimprint Technology
  • Dip-Pen Nanolithography
  • Microcontact Printing
  • Patterning Techniques
  • High-Resolution Patterning
  • Polymer Stamps
  • Nanoscale Patterning
  • Biological Applications
Research works
21k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
2.1k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+7%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
32% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques

Which countries lead Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (718 and 460 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 718 works
  2. 2 United States 460 works
  3. 3 Japan 252 works
  4. 4 Germany 200 works
  5. 5 South Korea 167 works
  6. 6 India 142 works
  7. 7 France 98 works
  8. 8 United Kingdom 70 works
  9. 9 Taiwan 67 works
  10. 10 Italy 62 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 32.1%United States: 20.6%Japan: 11.3%Germany: 9.0%6 others listed: 27.1%32%largest
China718 · 32.1%United States460 · 20.6%Japan252 · 11.3%Germany200 · 9.0%6 others listed605 · 27.1%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques research?

By volume in 2022-now, Chinese Academy of Sciences publishes the most Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques research, followed by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 63 works
  2. 2 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 46 works
  3. 3 Helmholtz Association of German Research CentresGermany 21 works
  4. 4 Harbin Institute of TechnologyChina 20 works
  5. 5 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 20 works
  6. 6 Fraunhofer-GesellschaftGermany 17 works
  7. 7 IMECBelgium 16 works
  8. 8 Tsinghua UniversityChina 15 works
  9. 9 Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologySouth Korea 14 works
  10. 10 University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 14 works

Who are the leading researchers in Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques include Zhong Lin Wang, Yury G. Gogotsi and Róbert Langer.

  1. 1 Zhong Lin Wang United States 491k citations
  2. 2 Yury G. Gogotsi United States 313k citations
  3. 3 Róbert Langer United States 303k citations
  4. 4 George M. Whitesides United States 267k citations
  5. 5 Wei Huang China 267k citations
  6. 6 Yi Ping Cui United States 261k citations
  7. 7 Ben Zhong Tang China 261k citations
  8. 8 Ralph B. D’Agostino United States 255k citations
  9. 9 Kenji Watanabe Japan 237k citations
  10. 10 Rodney S. Ruoff United States 231k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques?

The most cited paper in Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques is "SOFT LITHOGRAPHY" (Younan Xia, George M. Whitesides, 1998), with 4,610 citations. Next come "Monolithic Microfabricated Valves and Pumps by Multilayer Soft Lithography" (4,036) and "High-Resolution Inkjet Printing of All-Polymer Transistor Circuits" (3,318).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 SOFT LITHOGRAPHY Younan Xia, George M. Whitesides · Annual Review of Materials Science Aug 1998 4,610
2 Monolithic Microfabricated Valves and Pumps by Multilayer Soft Lithography Marc Unger, Hou-Pu Chou, Todd Thorsen et al. · Science 7 Apr 2000 4,036
3 High-Resolution Inkjet Printing of All-Polymer Transistor Circuits Henning Sirringhaus, Takeo Kawase, Richard Henry Friend et al. · Science 15 Dec 2000 3,318
4 Fabrication of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane) J. Cooper McDonald, David Cameron Duffy, Janelle R. Anderson et al. · Electrophoresis 2000 3,231
5 "Dip-Pen" Nanolithography Richard D. Piner, Jin Song Zhu, Feng Xu et al. · Science 29 Jan 1999 3,047
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques research done?

The largest centres of Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Tokyo (Japan), Seoul (South Korea) and Shanghai (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Daejeon.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 139 works
  2. 2 TokyoJapan 99 works
  3. 3 SeoulSouth Korea 70 works
  4. 4 ShanghaiChina 65 works
  5. 5 HangzhouChina 32 works
  6. 6 ShenzhenChina 32 works
  7. 7 DaejeonSouth Korea 32 works
  8. 8 NanjingChina 31 works
  9. 9 GuangzhouChina 30 works
  10. 10 ParisFrance 28 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. DaejeonKR · 32.1 works6.4×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques than the world average.

See Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques on the map

Where is the best place to study Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques?

Among universities, judged by research, Harbin Institute of Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and Zhejiang University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 17.47%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Cornell UniversityZhejiang UniversityKorea Advanced Insti…Harbin Institute of …
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Harbin Institute of TechnologyChina 67.118.3%5.1×20 +41.5%
2Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologySouth Korea 62.919.9%12.5×14 +0.6%
3Zhejiang UniversityChina 62.024.0%2.1×14 +45.4%
4Cornell UniversityUnited States 61.929.7%2.6×8 +102.6%
5University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 60.517.8%3.6×14 +38.0%
6Harvard UniversityUnited States 59.47.5%1.0×8 +22.7%
7Shenzhen UniversityChina 57.411.5%7.4×13 +97.7%
8Tsinghua UniversityChina 51.411.9%2.7×15 +49.3%
9Georgia Institute of TechnologyUnited States 49.918.5%7.9×12 -11.9%
10Purdue University West LafayetteUnited States 47.815.6%4.3×10 +199.7%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques, country by country

Is Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 7% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2009. The fastest-growing topics are Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.012% in 2024.

still counting0.020%0.040%Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques0.013% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques10.1% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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