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Topic · Biomedical Engineering

Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer

Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer is a research topic within Biomedical Engineering. Science Explorer counts 37k research works in it since 1950. 9.8% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the heat transfer enhancement in nanofluids, exploring topics such as thermal conductivity, convective transport, experimental investigations, and the impact of magnetic fields. It includes reviews, applications, and studies on viscosity in the context of nanofluid heat transfer.

  • Nanofluids
  • Heat Transfer
  • Thermal Conductivity
  • Convective Transport
  • Enhancement
  • Experimental Investigation
  • Review
  • Magnetic Field Effect
  • Viscosity
  • Applications
Research works
37k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
3.6k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.8%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+21%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
India
36% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer

Which countries lead Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer research?

By volume, India and China publish the most (2.9k and 1.2k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 India 2.9k works
  2. 2 China 1.2k works
  3. 3 Pakistan 1.1k works
  4. 4 Saudi Arabia 1k works
  5. 5 Iran 469 works
  6. 6 Iraq 308 works
  7. 7 Egypt 304 works
  8. 8 Türkiye 290 works
  9. 9 Malaysia 288 works
  10. 10 United States 282 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

India: 35.6%China: 14.6%Pakistan: 13.5%Saudi Arabia: 12.4%6 others listed: 23.8%36%largest
India2,910 · 35.6%China1,195 · 14.6%Pakistan1,106 · 13.5%Saudi Arabia1,015 · 12.4%6 others listed1,940 · 23.8%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer research?

By volume in 2022-now, King Khalid University publishes the most Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer research, followed by Vellore Institute of Technology University and Islamic Azad University, Tehran.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 King Khalid UniversitySaudi Arabia 174 works
  2. 2 Vellore Institute of Technology UniversityIndia 161 works
  3. 3 Islamic Azad University, TehranIran 117 works
  4. 4 COMSATS University IslamabadPakistan 109 works
  5. 5 King Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia 76 works
  6. 6 Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia 70 works
  7. 7 Quaid-i-Azam UniversityPakistan 68 works
  8. 8 Siksha O Anusandhan UniversityIndia 63 works
  9. 9 National Institute of Technology WarangalIndia 62 works
  10. 10 Saveetha UniversityIndia 60 works

Who are the leading researchers in Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer include Qiang Zhang, Pulickel Madhavapanicker Ajayan and Tasawar Hayat.

  1. 1 Qiang Zhang China 184k citations
  2. 2 Pulickel Madhavapanicker Ajayan United States 173k citations
  3. 3 Tasawar Hayat Pakistan 135k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer?

The most cited paper in Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer is "Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids With Nanoparticles" (Stephen U. S. Choi, 1995), with 9,327 citations. Next come "Convective Transport in Nanofluids" (6,980) and "Solution of the implicitly discretised fluid flow equations by operator-splitting" (5,314).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids With Nanoparticles Stephen U. S. Choi Conference paperOpen access 12 Nov 1995 9,327
2 Convective Transport in Nanofluids Jacopo Buongiorno · ASME Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 15 Aug 2005 6,980
3 Solution of the implicitly discretised fluid flow equations by operator-splitting Raad I. Issa · Journal of Computational Physics 1986 5,314
4 Investigation on Convective Heat Transfer and Flow Features of Nanofluids Yimin Xuan, Qiang Li · ASME Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 29 Jan 2003 4,648
5 HYDRODYNAMIC AND HEAT TRANSFER STUDY OF DISPERSED FLUIDS WITH SUBMICRON METALLIC OXIDE PARTICLES Bock Choon Pak, Young I. Cho · Experimental Heat Transfer Apr 1998 4,429
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer research done?

The largest centres of Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer research in 2022-now are Islamabad (Pakistan), Riyadh (Saudi Arabia), Chennai (India) and Beijing (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Davanagere District, New Mirpur and Kalaburagi.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 IslamabadPakistan 437 works
  2. 2 RiyadhSaudi Arabia 251 works
  3. 3 ChennaiIndia 191 works
  4. 4 BeijingChina 178 works
  5. 5 AbhāSaudi Arabia 174 works
  6. 6 VelloreIndia 165 works
  7. 7 DhakaBangladesh 162 works
  8. 8 BengaluruIndia 158 works
  9. 9 TehranIran 146 works
  10. 10 HyderabadIndia 141 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. Davanagere DistrictIN · 52.5 works174×
  2. New MirpurPK · 24.0 works72×
  3. KalaburagiIN · 34.3 works61×
  4. BaffaPK · 25.6 works53×
  5. ShimogaIN · 33.3 works45×
  6. AbhāSA · 173.6 works44×
  7. KhobarSA · 42.2 works41×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer than the world average.

See Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer on the map

Where is the best place to study Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer?

Among universities, judged by research, King Khalid University, University of Gour Banga and Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%60%mean 23.92%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →University of Gour B…King Khalid UniversityCOMSATS University I…Prince Sattam Bin Ab…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1King Khalid UniversitySaudi Arabia 76.420.0%49.5×174 +118.3%
2University of Gour BangaIndia 69.251.4%79.5×19 +204.7%
3Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia 63.814.9%28.7×70 +173.4%
4COMSATS University IslamabadPakistan 63.216.2%49.8×109 +7.9%
5Davangere UniversityIndia 62.118.9%212.4×52 +131.6%
6Babol Noshirvani University of TechnologyIran 61.736.4%68.3×55 -27.1%
7Northern Border UniversitySaudi Arabia 59.918.4%43.4×38 +264.8%
8Future University in EgyptEgypt 59.324.5%70.6×36 -
9Islamia University of BahawalpurPakistan 59.020.5%31.3×48 +171.9%
10Kuwait College of Science and TechnologyKuwait 59.018.0%176.4×35 +191.3%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer, country by country

Is Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 21% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2022. The fastest-growing topics are Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.044% in 2024.

still counting0.020%0.040%0.060%Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer0.041% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer9.8% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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