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Science in Botswana

Botswana ranks #92 of 189 countries on research quality in 2022-now (#91 all time), with 3k research works and 8.5% of them in the world's top 10%.

World rank, 2022-now
#92
of 189 · #91 all time
Works, 2022-now
3k
▲ 16% vs 2018-21
Citations
158k
12.4 per fractional work, all time
Top-10% rate
8.5%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.90×
1.00× is exactly expected
In the world top 100
0
0 in the top 1,000
Open access
47%
world 40%
International
33%
world 18%
Botswana

What is Botswana strongest at in science?

On research quality in 2022-now, Botswana ranks highest in Environmental Science (#69 of 122), Medicine (#86 of 152) and Engineering (#75 of 131). Relative to its size it is most specialised in Archeology, Forestry and Statistics and Probability.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
Environmental ScienceField #69 of 122 8.7%284 #73 Institutions
MedicineField #86 of 152 9.0%335 #82 Institutions
EngineeringField #75 of 131 10.7%360 #96 Institutions
Agricultural and Biological SciencesField #80 of 124 10.7%308 #92 Institutions
Social SciencesField #114 of 148 7.4%471 #90 Institutions
Computer ScienceField #101 of 128 7.0%208 #96 Institutions

Where its research is concentrated

Location quotient: how much more (or less) of each node it does than its size predicts. Drawn around 1×, where "twice the world share" and "half of it" are the same distance apart in opposite directions. A volume reading, which on a country axis is largely population and industrial structure.

  1. ArcheologySubfield · 5.6 works · #68 of 158 active here11×
  2. ForestrySubfield · 20.9 works · #88 of 204 active here5.9×
  3. Statistics and ProbabilitySubfield · 40.4 works · #75 of 198 active here5.5×
  4. VirologySubfield · 10.9 works · #84 of 204 active here5.5×
  5. Geochemistry and PetrologySubfield · 14.5 works · #84 of 199 active here4.1×
  6. Library and Information SciencesSubfield · 2.6 works · #86 of 146 active here4.0×
  7. Aquatic ScienceSubfield · 21.2 works · #99 of 214 active here3.4×
  8. Numerical AnalysisSubfield · 9.9 works · #91 of 173 active here3.4×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

The whole field profile

All 26 fields at once. A specialist and a generalist produce the same ranked list and a completely different shape.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 2.21× its world share, 360 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.74× its world share, 135 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 1.24× its world share, 43 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.38× its world share, 21 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.62× its world share, 8 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.60× its world share, 7 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.76× its world share, 41 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.88× its world share, 235 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 1.37× its world share, 74 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.96× its world share, 30 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.78× its world share, 403 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 1.90× its world share, 324 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.60× its world share, 72 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 2.02× its world share, 82 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.67× its world share, 52 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 0.20× its world share, 3 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 1.12× its world share, 101 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.60× its world share, 395 worksMedicineNursing: 1.66× its world share, 28 worksNursingVeterinary: 0.98× its world share, 5 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 0.61× its world share, 61 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 1.20× its world share, 133 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 2.00× its world share, 66 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 1.74× its world share, 128 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 0.77× its world share, 81 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 1.25× its world share, 544 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2.2×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 26 fields, with their numbers
  1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences2.21×360 works
  2. Mathematics2.02×82 works
  3. Decision Sciences2.00×66 works
  4. Environmental Science1.90×324 works
  5. Economics, Econometrics and Finance1.74×128 works
  6. Nursing1.66×28 works
  7. Earth and Planetary Sciences1.37×74 works
  8. Social Sciences1.25×544 works
  9. Immunology and Microbiology1.24×43 works
  10. Business, Management and Accounting1.20×133 works
  11. Health Professions1.12×101 works
  12. Veterinary0.98×5 works
  13. Energy0.96×30 works
  14. Computer Science0.88×235 works
  15. Engineering0.78×403 works
  16. Psychology0.77×81 works
  17. Chemistry0.76×41 works
  18. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.74×135 works
  19. Physics and Astronomy0.67×52 works
  20. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics0.62×8 works
  21. Arts and Humanities0.61×61 works
  22. Chemical Engineering0.60×7 works
  23. Materials Science0.60×72 works
  24. Medicine0.60×395 works
  25. Neuroscience0.38×21 works
  26. Dentistry0.20×3 works

Which fields of science does Botswana work in?

In 2022-now, 38% of research in Botswana is in Physical Sciences, 30% in Social Sciences. Its largest fields are Social Sciences (16%), Engineering (12%), Medicine (12%). It does 1.3× the world's share of Life Sciences.

Physical Sciences: 1,319 fractional works · 38.5% of its workEngineering: 403 fractional works · 11.8% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 82 fractional works · 2.4% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 61 fractional works · 1.8% of its workMechanical Engineering: 58 fractional works · 1.7% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 35 fractional works · 1.0% of its workBuilding and Construction: 33 fractional works · 1.0% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 26 fractional works · 0.8% of its workAerospace Engineering: 19 fractional works · 0.6% of its workComputational Mechanics: 18 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMedia Technology: 18 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMechanics of Materials: 13 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 12 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOcean Engineering: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnvironmental Science: 324 fractional works · 9.5% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 65 fractional works · 1.9% of its workEcology: 52 fractional works · 1.5% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 43 fractional works · 1.3% of its workPollution: 36 fractional works · 1.0% of its workWater Science and Technology: 34 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 23 fractional works · 0.7% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 20 fractional works · 0.6% of its workHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis: 18 fractional works · 0.5% of its workNature and Landscape Conservation: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnvironmental Chemistry: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 4 fractional works · 0.1% of its workComputer Science: 235 fractional works · 6.8% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 75 fractional works · 2.2% of its workInformation Systems: 59 fractional works · 1.7% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 39 fractional works · 1.1% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 20 fractional works · 0.6% of its workComputer Science Applications: 14 fractional works · 0.4% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSignal Processing: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMathematics: 82 fractional works · 2.4% of its workStatistics and Probability: 40 fractional works · 1.2% of its workModeling and Simulation: 13 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNumerical Analysis: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGeometry and Topology: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 74 fractional works · 2.1% of its workGeophysics: 22 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAtmospheric Science: 19 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeochemistry and Petrology: 14 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 19 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMaterials Science: 72 fractional works · 2.1% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 40 fractional works · 1.2% of its workBiomaterials: 14 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPolymers and Plastics: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 51 fractional works · 1.5% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 16 fractional works · 0.5% of its workAstronomy and Astrophysics: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemistry: 41 fractional works · 1.2% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 20 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAnalytical Chemistry: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEnergy: 30 fractional works · 0.9% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 24 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemical Engineering: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSocial Sciences: 1,012 fractional works · 29.5% of its workSocial Sciences: 543 fractional works · 15.8% of its workSociology and Political Science: 163 fractional works · 4.8% of its workEducation: 122 fractional works · 3.6% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 46 fractional works · 1.3% of its workSafety Research: 32 fractional works · 0.9% of its workAnthropology: 30 fractional works · 0.9% of its workDemography: 22 fractional works · 0.6% of its workLaw: 21 fractional works · 0.6% of its workHealth: 18 fractional works · 0.5% of its workUrban Studies: 14 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGender Studies: 13 fractional works · 0.4% of its workLinguistics and Language: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDevelopment: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCommunication: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workTransportation: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 28 fractional works · 0.8% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 133 fractional works · 3.9% of its workStrategy and Management: 36 fractional works · 1.0% of its workManagement Information Systems: 24 fractional works · 0.7% of its workAccounting: 23 fractional works · 0.7% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 13 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMarketing: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBusiness and International Management: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 128 fractional works · 3.7% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 85 fractional works · 2.5% of its workFinance: 28 fractional works · 0.8% of its workGeneral Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 14 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPsychology: 81 fractional works · 2.4% of its workSocial Psychology: 29 fractional works · 0.9% of its workClinical Psychology: 27 fractional works · 0.8% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 12 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workDecision Sciences: 66 fractional works · 1.9% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 36 fractional works · 1.1% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty: 13 fractional works · 0.4% of its workArts and Humanities: 61 fractional works · 1.8% of its workLanguage and Linguistics: 14 fractional works · 0.4% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workReligious studies: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 25 fractional works · 0.7% of its workLife Sciences: 567 fractional works · 16.5% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 360 fractional works · 10.5% of its workPlant Science: 121 fractional works · 3.5% of its workFood Science: 53 fractional works · 1.5% of its workSoil Science: 32 fractional works · 0.9% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 29 fractional works · 0.9% of its workAgronomy and Crop Science: 22 fractional works · 0.7% of its workAquatic Science: 21 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAnimal Science and Zoology: 21 fractional works · 0.6% of its workForestry: 21 fractional works · 0.6% of its workGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 20 fractional works · 0.6% of its workInsect Science: 18 fractional works · 0.5% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 135 fractional works · 3.9% of its workMolecular Biology: 70 fractional works · 2.0% of its workGenetics: 32 fractional works · 0.9% of its workSmaller subfields together: 33 fractional works · 1.0% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 43 fractional works · 1.2% of its workImmunology: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workVirology: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workParasitology: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workNeuroscience: 21 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workHealth Sciences: 532 fractional works · 15.5% of its workMedicine: 395 fractional works · 11.5% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 57 fractional works · 1.7% of its workInfectious Diseases: 54 fractional works · 1.6% of its workEpidemiology: 51 fractional works · 1.5% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 35 fractional works · 1.0% of its workOncology: 21 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEmergency Medicine: 19 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSurgery: 17 fractional works · 0.5% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 16 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPhysiology: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 12 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workObstetrics and Gynecology: 11 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPharmacology: 8 fractional works · 0.2% of its workHealth Informatics: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 54 fractional works · 1.6% of its workHealth Professions: 101 fractional works · 2.9% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 55 fractional works · 1.6% of its workHealth Information Management: 18 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 20 fractional works · 0.6% of its workNursing: 28 fractional works · 0.8% of its workNutrition and Dietetics: 25 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.1% of its workVeterinary: 5 fractional works · 0.1% of its workDentistry: 3 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKBotswana3,430fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences17%Physical Sciences38%Health Sciences15%Social Sciences30%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this country does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 26 fields, with their numbers
    1. Engineering40311.8%
    2. Environmental Science3249.5%
    3. Computer Science2356.8%
    4. Mathematics822.4%
    5. Earth and Planetary Sciences742.1%
    6. Materials Science722.1%
    7. Physics and Astronomy511.5%
    8. Chemistry411.2%
    9. Energy300.9%
    10. Chemical Engineering70.2%
  2. Social Sciences1,01229.5%
    1. Social Sciences54315.8%
    2. Business, Management and Accounting1333.9%
    3. Economics, Econometrics and Finance1283.7%
    4. Psychology812.4%
    5. Decision Sciences661.9%
    6. Arts and Humanities611.8%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences36010.5%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology1353.9%
    3. Immunology and Microbiology431.2%
    4. Neuroscience210.6%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics80.2%
    1. Medicine39511.5%
    2. Health Professions1012.9%
    3. Nursing280.8%
    4. Veterinary50.1%
    5. Dentistry30.1%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Which keywords describe research in Botswana?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Climate Change, Sustainability, Machine Learning, Colonialism, Antiretroviral Therapy, Environmental Impact, Globalization and Poverty Reduction.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this country's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Climate Change192▲ 2.1×87 topics
  2. Sustainability159▲ 1.89×75 topics
  3. Machine Learning144▲ 1.26×77 topics
  4. Epidemiology104▼ 0.76×111 topics
  5. Globalization95▲ 1.40×72 topics
  6. Environmental Impact91▲ 1.55×52 topics
  7. Deep Learning89▼ 0.76×67 topics
  8. Renewable Energy73▲ 1.46×40 topics
  9. Remote Sensing70▲ 1.67×31 topics
  10. Economic Growth66▲ 2.4×27 topics
  11. Colonialism66▲ 4.0×14 topics
  12. Antiretroviral Therapy48▲ 8.6×6 topics
  13. Social Justice47▲ 2.3×26 topics
  14. Development46▲ 3.8×19 topics
  15. Biodiversity Conservation46▲ 3.6×13 topics
  16. Risk Management46▲ 2.8×13 topics
  17. Sustainable Agriculture44▲ 4.1×12 topics
  18. Higher Education42▲ 2.3×17 topics
  19. Genetic Diversity41▲ 2.7×20 topics
  20. Adaptation40▲ 4.0×11 topics
  21. Political Economy40▲ 4.5×11 topics
  22. Smallholder Farmers37▲ 5.1×5 topics
  23. Poverty Reduction36▲ 8.1×5 topics
  24. Land Use Change35▲ 3.4×7 topics
  25. Maternal Mortality31▲ 4.1×5 topics
  26. Community Health Workers31▲ 10×2 topics
  27. Bayesian Inference30▲ 8.9×4 topics
  28. Health Inequalities28▲ 6.8×3 topics
  29. Mortality Rates28▲ 8.5×2 topics
  30. Nutritional Value27▲ 7.0×4 topics
  31. Gender Inequality27▲ 5.7×6 topics
  32. Land Reform27▲ 17×2 topics
  33. Weibull Distribution26▲ 17×2 topics
  34. Generalized Exponential25▲ 44×1 topic
  35. Skew Distributions25▲ 44×1 topic
  36. Livelihoods25▲ 21×2 topics
  37. Phytochemicals25▲ 6.7×7 topics
  38. Child Mortality25▲ 10×1 topic
  39. Health Systems25▲ 10×1 topic
  40. HIV Transmission23▲ 8.7×2 topics

Which research topics does Botswana publish the most in?

Its largest topics in 2022-now are Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications, Global Maternal and Child Health, Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology.

Statistical Distribution…25Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications: 25 fractional worksGlobal Maternal and Chil…25Global Maternal and Child Health: 25 fractional worksRangeland Management and Livestock Ecology: 21 fractional worksAfrican studies and sociopolitical issues: 20 fractional worksHIV/AIDS Research and Interventions: 20 fractional worksPoverty, Education, and Child Welfare: 17 fractional worksAfrican history and culture studies: 16 fractional worksAfrican Botany and Ecology Studies: 15 fractional worksDiverse Aspects of Tourism Research: 15 fractional worksWildlife Ecology and Conservation: 14 fractional worksLegal Issues in South Africa: 14 fractional worksOnline and Blended Learning: 14 fractional works
Statistics and ProbabilityPediatrics, Perinatology and Child HealthManagement, Monitoring, Policy and LawSociology and Political Science7 others

Area is fractional works in 2022-now; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to. Every tile is a topic page.

  1. 1 Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications Statistics and Probability 25 works
  2. 2 Global Maternal and Child Health Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 25 works
  3. 3 Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law 21 works
  4. 4 African studies and sociopolitical issues Sociology and Political Science 20 works
  5. 5 HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions Infectious Diseases 20 works
  6. 6 Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare Safety Research 17 works
  7. 7 African history and culture studies Anthropology 16 works
  8. 8 African Botany and Ecology Studies Forestry 15 works
  9. 9 Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research Sociology and Political Science 15 works
  10. 10 Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Ecology 14 works
  11. 11 Legal Issues in South Africa Law 14 works
  12. 12 Online and Blended Learning Education 14 works

Which universities in Botswana lead research?

University of Botswana, Botswana International University of Science and Technology and Botswana Geoscience Institute rank highest in Botswana on research quality in 2022-now.

0%10%20%mean 9.175%fractional works (log) →share in the world top 10% →Botswana Geoscience …Botswana Internation…Botho UniversityUniversity of Botswana
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per institution in the list below. The upper left is the interesting corner.

  1. 1University of BotswanaUniversity · Gaborone · #3,292 worldwide7.6% top 10% · 1.4k works
  2. 2Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyUniversity · Palapye · #7,534 worldwide8.6% top 10% · 674 works
  3. 3Botswana Geoscience InstituteInstitution · Lobatse · #10,680 worldwide8.8% top 10% · 116 works
  4. 4Botho UniversityUniversity · Gaborone · #10,805 worldwide8.5% top 10% · 148 works
  5. 5Ministry of AgricultureGovernment institution · Gaborone · #11,433 worldwide14.6% top 10% · 169 works
  6. 6Botswana Open UniversityUniversity · Gaborone · #17,157 worldwide3.9% top 10% · 76 works
  7. 7Botswana Accountancy CollegeUniversity · Gaborone · #19,659 worldwide9.6% top 10% · 69 works
  8. 8Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity · Gaborone · #20,020 worldwide11.8% top 10% · 86 works

The track on each row is its top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below.

All ranked institutions in Botswana

Who are the top researchers in Botswana?

Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, John Weldon McNutt and Joseph M. Makhema rank highest among researchers based in Botswana.

  1. 1 Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera #31,057 worldwide 54k citations · 105 works
  2. 2 John Weldon McNutt #207,426 worldwide 5.3k citations · 119 works
  3. 3 Joseph M. Makhema #280,791 worldwide 14k citations · 95 works
  4. 4 Peter Vuylsteke #396,259 worldwide 7.7k citations · 317 works
  5. 5 Sununguko Wata Mpoloka #453,404 worldwide 2.7k citations · 62 works
  6. 6 Kasim Rafiq #493,584 worldwide 704 citations · 47 works
  7. 7 Rosemary Mubanga Musonda #531,669 worldwide 6.7k citations · 125 works
  8. 8 Gaerolwe R. Masheto #601,630 worldwide 1.4k citations · 44 works
  9. 9 Julius Chacha Mwita #609,417 worldwide 9.6k citations · 97 works
  10. 10 Aida Asmelash #638,342 worldwide 3.4k citations · 32 works
Top researchers in Botswana

How open and international is Botswana's research?

47% of its research is openly available (world: 40%), and 33% is written with international co-authors (world: 18%).

openly available47.1%not open52.9%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors33.1%domestic only66.9%

World: 18% is written across borders.

In 2022-now, 64% of its research is openly available (world 63%) and 46% is written with co-authors abroad (world 22%). Against what its own mix of topics predicts, that is 1.01× the expected open access and 1.80× the expected international share, which puts it #119 of 173 countries on openness.

How has Botswana's research grown?

Output in 2022-2025 was 16% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Botswana as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.015% in 2024.

still counting0.010%0.020%Botswana0.014% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Botswana over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Over the whole record, 7.7% of its 13k works since 1950 reached the world top 10% for their field and year.

still counting5%10%15%all institutions10.0% in 2025Botswana9.3% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 14.2% in 1996.

Which countries have research most like Botswana's?

South Africa is Botswana's closest research twin: of all countries, its research is spread across the fields most like Botswana's, with both strong in Economics, Econometrics and Finance.

  1. 1 South AfricaBoth strong in Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Decision Sciences, Nursing 0.75 Compare
  2. 2 Papua New GuineaBoth strong in Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Environmental Science, Nursing 0.75 Compare
  3. 3 NamibiaBoth strong in Environmental Science, Nursing, Agricultural and Biological Sciences 0.75 Compare
  4. 4 Sierra LeoneBoth strong in Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Nursing 0.74 Compare
  5. 5 ZimbabweBoth strong in Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Decision Sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance 0.74 Compare

Similarity is the correlation of each side's location quotients across every field it publishes in, on a log scale: 1 is the same shape of research, 0 is unrelated. It ignores size. How it is measured.

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Botswana on Science Explorer

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Research fields in Botswana

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