Botswana vs Slovakia
On research quality in 2022-now, Slovakia ranks #56 in the world and Botswana #92, of 189 countries. Botswana stands higher in 0 of the 21 fields both publish in, Slovakia in 21.
Research profiles alike: 0.60similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Botswana
- World rank, 2022-now
- #92
- #91 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 3k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 8.5%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 47%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Archeology, Forestry, Statistics and Probability.
Slovakia
- World rank, 2022-now
- #56
- #53 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 33k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 8.0%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 46%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Life-span and Life-course Studies, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, General Materials Science.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Botswana leads on 5 of 9 measures: excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, open access, international co-authorship and growth. Slovakia leads on 2 of 9 measures: research quality and output. The two are level on citations per work and institutions in the world top 100.
- #92Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#56
- 0.90×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.69×
- 3kOutputfractional works, 2022-now33k
- 8.5%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited8.0%
- 12.4Citations per workall time, per fractional work12.2
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 47%Open accessof its works free to read, all time46%
- 33%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time30%
- +16%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change-4%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Botswana stands higher in 0 of 21 fields, Slovakia in 21. Slovakia leads most in Social Sciences (#57 against #114). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- #80Agricultural and Biological Sciences#56
- -Arts and Humanities#48
- -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#50
- -Business, Management and Accounting#51
- -Chemistry#44
- #101Computer Science#57
- -Decision Sciences#53
- -Earth and Planetary Sciences#52
- -Economics, Econometrics and Finance#50
- -Energy#55
- #75Engineering#52
- #69Environmental Science#67
- -Health Professions#64
- -Immunology and Microbiology#45
- -Materials Science#45
- -Mathematics#49
- #86Medicine#48
- -Neuroscience#48
- -Physics and Astronomy#55
- -Psychology#63
- #114Social Sciences#57
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Botswana rank | Slovakia rank | Botswana top 10% | Slovakia top 10% | Botswana works | Slovakia works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | #80 | #56 | 10.7% | 8.9% | 308 | 1.9k |
| Arts and Humanities | - | #48 | - | 8.1% | - | 1.2k |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | - | #50 | - | 7.3% | - | 1.4k |
| Business, Management and Accounting | - | #51 | - | 10.9% | - | 1.2k |
| Chemistry | - | #44 | - | 6.0% | - | 535 |
| Computer Science | #101 | #57 | 7.0% | 7.8% | 208 | 2.5k |
| Decision Sciences | - | #53 | - | 8.5% | - | 417 |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | - | #52 | - | 6.3% | - | 636 |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | - | #50 | - | 10.6% | - | 1.1k |
| Energy | - | #55 | - | 7.8% | - | 231 |
| Engineering | #75 | #52 | 10.7% | 6.4% | 360 | 6.1k |
| Environmental Science | #69 | #67 | 8.7% | 7.5% | 284 | 2.2k |
| Health Professions | - | #64 | - | 9.0% | - | 514 |
| Immunology and Microbiology | - | #45 | - | 7.9% | - | 247 |
| Materials Science | - | #45 | - | 6.4% | - | 1.3k |
| Mathematics | - | #49 | - | 9.1% | - | 425 |
| Medicine | #86 | #48 | 9.0% | 8.6% | 335 | 3.7k |
| Neuroscience | - | #48 | - | 6.7% | - | 416 |
| Physics and Astronomy | - | #55 | - | 4.9% | - | 872 |
| Psychology | - | #63 | - | 7.7% | - | 931 |
| Social Sciences | #114 | #57 | 7.4% | 9.7% | 471 | 4.3k |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Botswana
- HIV Transmission
- Child Mortality
- Livelihoods
- Generalized Exponential
- Land Reform
- Nutritional Value
- Health Inequalities
- Community Health Workers
- Land Use Change
- Smallholder Farmers
- Adaptation
- Higher Education
- Risk Management
- Development
- Antiretroviral Therapy
- Economic Growth
- Renewable Energy
- Environmental Impact
- Epidemiology
- Sustainability
- Climate Change
- Machine Learning
- Globalization
- Deep Learning
- Remote Sensing
- Colonialism
- Social Justice
- Biodiversity Conservation
- Sustainable Agriculture
- Genetic Diversity
- Political Economy
- Poverty Reduction
- Maternal Mortality
- Bayesian Inference
- Mortality Rates
- Gender Inequality
- Weibull Distribution
- Skew Distributions
- Phytochemicals
- Health Systems
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Climate Change192▲ 2.1×87 topics
- Sustainability159▲ 1.89×75 topics
- Machine Learning144▲ 1.26×77 topics
- Epidemiology104▼ 0.76×111 topics
- Globalization95▲ 1.40×72 topics
- Environmental Impact91▲ 1.55×52 topics
- Deep Learning89▼ 0.76×67 topics
- Renewable Energy73▲ 1.46×40 topics
- Remote Sensing70▲ 1.67×31 topics
- Economic Growth66▲ 2.4×27 topics
- Colonialism66▲ 4.0×14 topics
- Antiretroviral Therapy48▲ 8.6×6 topics
- Social Justice47▲ 2.3×26 topics
- Development46▲ 3.8×19 topics
- Biodiversity Conservation46▲ 3.6×13 topics
- Risk Management46▲ 2.8×13 topics
- Sustainable Agriculture44▲ 4.1×12 topics
- Higher Education42▲ 2.3×17 topics
- Genetic Diversity41▲ 2.7×20 topics
- Adaptation40▲ 4.0×11 topics
- Political Economy40▲ 4.5×11 topics
- Smallholder Farmers37▲ 5.1×5 topics
- Poverty Reduction36▲ 8.1×5 topics
- Land Use Change35▲ 3.4×7 topics
- Maternal Mortality31▲ 4.1×5 topics
- Community Health Workers31▲ 10×2 topics
- Bayesian Inference30▲ 8.9×4 topics
- Health Inequalities28▲ 6.8×3 topics
- Mortality Rates28▲ 8.5×2 topics
- Nutritional Value27▲ 7.0×4 topics
- Gender Inequality27▲ 5.7×6 topics
- Land Reform27▲ 17×2 topics
- Weibull Distribution26▲ 17×2 topics
- Generalized Exponential25▲ 44×1 topic
- Skew Distributions25▲ 44×1 topic
- Livelihoods25▲ 21×2 topics
- Phytochemicals25▲ 6.7×7 topics
- Child Mortality25▲ 10×1 topic
- Health Systems25▲ 10×1 topic
- HIV Transmission23▲ 8.7×2 topics
Slovakia
- Human Resource
- Educational Methods
- Learning Environments
- School Climate
- Logistics
- European Union
- Supply Chain
- Simulation
- Microstructure
- Invasive Species
- Supply Chain Management
- Economic Development
- Human Rights
- Energy Efficiency
- Innovation
- Artificial Intelligence
- Environmental Impact
- Deep Learning
- Machine Learning
- Climate Change
- Sustainability
- Sustainable Development
- Epidemiology
- Globalization
- Mechanical Properties
- Renewable Energy
- Education
- Remote Sensing
- Biodiversity
- Big Data
- Internet of Things
- Environmental Management
- Ethics
- Cyber-Physical Systems
- Digitalization
- Digital Education
- Media
- Financial Security
- Student Attitudes
- Pedagogical Research
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Sustainability1,583▲ 1.73×133 topics
- Climate Change1,484▲ 1.46×128 topics
- Sustainable Development1,086▲ 1.85×110 topics
- Machine Learning1,048▼ 0.84×97 topics
- Epidemiology931▼ 0.62×138 topics
- Deep Learning899▼ 0.70×85 topics
- Globalization868▲ 1.18×171 topics
- Environmental Impact776▲ 1.21×73 topics
- Mechanical Properties767▲ 2.1×39 topics
- Artificial Intelligence739▲ 1.39×66 topics
- Renewable Energy686▲ 1.27×61 topics
- Innovation683▲ 1.77×87 topics
- Education666◆ 1.03×144 topics
- Energy Efficiency661▲ 1.91×45 topics
- Remote Sensing566▲ 1.24×41 topics
- Human Rights562▲ 1.47×85 topics
- Biodiversity559▲ 1.96×38 topics
- Economic Development540▲ 1.80×55 topics
- Big Data519▲ 1.45×37 topics
- Supply Chain Management495▲ 1.47×27 topics
- Internet of Things483▲ 1.51×33 topics
- Invasive Species428▲ 2.7×21 topics
- Environmental Management421▲ 2.8×22 topics
- Microstructure412▲ 2.1×19 topics
- Ethics385▲ 2.0×57 topics
- Simulation373▲ 3.9×18 topics
- Cyber-Physical Systems366▲ 3.7×9 topics
- Supply Chain312▲ 4.1×12 topics
- Digitalization309▲ 4.0×16 topics
- European Union289▲ 3.5×26 topics
- Digital Education279▲ 5.0×7 topics
- Logistics277▲ 4.8×10 topics
- Media264▲ 4.7×17 topics
- School Climate236▲ 13×3 topics
- Financial Security234▲ 5.9×3 topics
- Learning Environments228▲ 21×3 topics
- Student Attitudes222▲ 5.9×2 topics
- Educational Methods221▲ 104×1 topic
- Pedagogical Research221▲ 104×1 topic
- Human Resource201▲ 22×3 topics
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Slovakia has out-published Botswana every year since 1980.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0001
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#49
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Botswana or Slovakia?
Slovakia publishes 10.9× as much research as Botswana in 2022-now (33k against 3k fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Botswana or Slovakia?
8.5% of Botswana's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 8.0% for Slovakia.
Is Botswana or Slovakia growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +16% against 2018-21 for Botswana, and -4% for Slovakia.
Which has more open access research, Botswana or Slovakia?
47% of Botswana's research is free to read, against 46% of Slovakia's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Botswana or Slovakia?
Botswana holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Slovakia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 1.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Botswana
- 1University of Botswana7.6% top 10% · 1.4k works
- 2Botswana International University of Science and Technology8.6% top 10% · 674 works
- 3Botswana Geoscience Institute8.8% top 10% · 116 works
- 4Botho University8.5% top 10% · 148 works
- 5Ministry of Agriculture14.6% top 10% · 169 works
- 6Botswana Open University3.9% top 10% · 76 works
Slovakia
- 1Slovak Academy of Sciences7.7% top 10% · 8.4k works
- 2Comenius University Bratislava9.8% top 10% · 4k works
- 3Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra11.2% top 10% · 800 works
- 4Technical University of Košice7.1% top 10% · 3k works
- 5University of Žilina9.6% top 10% · 2.4k works
- 6Matej Bel University7.1% top 10% · 737 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Botswana
- 1 Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera #31,057 worldwide 54k citations · 105 works
- 2 John Weldon McNutt #207,426 worldwide 5.3k citations · 119 works
- 3 Joseph M. Makhema #280,791 worldwide 14k citations · 95 works
- 4 Peter Vuylsteke #396,259 worldwide 7.7k citations · 317 works
- 5 Sununguko Wata Mpoloka #453,404 worldwide 2.7k citations · 62 works
Slovakia
- 1 Marek Majdán #18,656 worldwide 132k citations · 247 works
- 2 P. Strmeň #43,782 worldwide 21k citations · 304 works
- 3 Frantíšek Máliš #78,042 worldwide 4.2k citations · 92 works
- 4 B. Sitár #105,002 worldwide 12k citations · 110 works
- 5 Beáta Gavurová #106,962 worldwide 7.5k citations · 416 works