Science Explorer Interactive view Map

Top Countries in Immunology and Microbiology Research

United States ranks first in 2022–2025, out of 73 ranked countries.

Composite score: field-normalised excellence, output and total citations weighted 50 / 30 / 20, each as a percentile so no single heavy-tailed measure dominates. Floor: 100 fractional works in this field.

Ranked by research quality, 2022–2025

#CountryScoreTop-10% rateWorksCitationsAll time
1United States 100.0 19.5% 43k 426k#1
2China 83.8 26.1% 48k 555k#2
3United Kingdom 74.4 22.9% 7.4k 84k#3
4Germany 67.7 21.0% 7.5k 75k#4
5France 62.5 19.7% 6k 57k#5
6Italy 58.2 23.4% 5.3k 56k#9
7India 54.6 11.4% 10k 48k#15
8Australia 51.5 23.2% 3.6k 38k#7
9Canada 48.8 20.1% 4k 37k#8
10Spain 46.3 17.9% 4.7k 39k#13
11Netherlands 44.1 25.7% 2.5k 31k#10
12Japan 42.1 12.7% 7k 48k#6
13Switzerland 40.2 25.0% 1.8k 24k#11
14South Korea 38.5 17.7% 4k 34k#17
15Iran 36.9 16.0% 3.5k 24k#27
16Belgium 35.4 24.0% 1.3k 17k#14
17?? 34.0 21.5% 1.6k 18k#19
18Sweden 32.6 22.0% 1.5k 17k#12
19Poland 31.4 18.1% 2.1k 17k#24
20Brazil 30.2 9.2% 6.1k 26k#21
21Denmark 29.0 20.2% 1.2k 11k#18
22Singapore 28.0 26.3% 624 9.1k#22
23Israel 26.9 20.2% 918 10k#16
24Saudi Arabia 25.9 18.0% 1.4k 11k#34
25Egypt 25.0 14.1% 2.5k 14k#36
26Taiwan 24.1 16.4% 1.8k 13k#29
27South Africa 23.2 19.6% 978 8.1k#26
28Austria 22.3 20.8% 888 8.3k#20
29Greece 21.5 21.6% 916 7.8k#31
30Portugal 20.7 19.0% 1k 8.9k#30
31Hong Kong 20.0 27.9% 488 6.2k#39
32Russia 19.2 5.1% 4k 12k#32
33Türkiye 18.5 6.8% 3.3k 11k#41
34Romania 17.8 22.2% 608 5k#46
35Ireland 17.1 22.0% 573 6.4k#25
36Norway 16.5 22.8% 773 7.4k#23
37Pakistan 15.8 9.9% 1.5k 6.2k#44
38Mexico 15.2 10.9% 1.7k 8.4k#35
39Thailand 14.6 17.5% 1.3k 9.7k#33
40Nigeria 14.0 8.4% 1.3k 4.3k#49
41Malaysia 13.4 14.7% 901 5.7k#38
42Ethiopia 12.9 22.4% 842 6k#56
43Bangladesh 12.3 15.6% 708 4.5k#53
44Czechia 11.8 16.3% 822 5.9k#37
45Finland 11.3 23.1% 473 4.4k#28
46Indonesia 10.8 3.8% 2.6k 4.5k#47
47New Zealand 10.3 21.6% 393 3.6k#42
48Hungary 9.8 14.8% 526 4.1k#40
49Iraq 9.3 3.0% 1.7k 3.3k#62
50Argentina 8.8 12.2% 832 4.3k#43
51Colombia 8.4 10.0% 804 3.2k#57
52United Arab Emirates 7.9 17.1% 286 2.1k#61
53Chile 7.5 13.5% 526 3.6k#48
54Vietnam 7.0 9.7% 555 2.3k#54
55Croatia 6.6 14.7% 314 2.1k#50
56Uganda 6.2 21.1% 293 2k#55
57Serbia 5.8 13.1% 304 2k#63
58Ghana 5.4 22.3% 295 2k#66
59Tanzania 5.0 19.1% 256 1.6k#45
60Jordan 4.6 15.9% 206 1.5k#77
61Kenya 4.2 17.8% 308 1.9k#51
62Kazakhstan 3.8 10.5% 232 876#80
63Bulgaria 3.4 7.9% 336 1.2k#65
64Ukraine 3.1 2.8% 796 1.2k#60
65Peru 2.7 8.6% 342 1.3k#67
66Slovakia 2.3 14.5% 247 1.5k#52
67Morocco 2.0 6.1% 405 1.1k#64
68Slovenia 1.7 16.0% 214 1.3k#59
69Nepal 131.3 8.3% 312 1.1k#75
70Ecuador 97.8 7.8% 386 969#84
71Philippines 64.7 8.5% 287 986#68
72Tunisia 32.1 5.3% 340 980#69
73Cameroon 0.0 10.1% 202 801#71

countries ranked worldwide in Immunology and Microbiology (73). rank on the composite score within the stated pool. The score track runs 0 to 100; the rate track carries no world mark, because the world rate differs by field.

How spread out this pool is

Every row above on one axis — one tick each, right is a higher score. A field where the top few are far clear of everyone and one that runs down evenly look identical as a table.

0 – 5: 15 places5 – 10: 11 places10 – 15: 9 places15 – 20: 8 places20 – 25: 6 places25 – 30: 4 places30 – 35: 4 places35 – 40: 3 places40 – 45: 3 places45 – 50: 2 places50 – 55: 2 places55 – 60: 1 places60 – 65: 1 places65 – 70: 1 places70 – 75: 1 places75 – 80: 0 places80 – 85: 1 places85 – 90: 0 places90 – 95: 0 places95 – 100: 1 places0100

One bar per band of score, counting the rows on this page.

Ranked by volume, 2022–2025

  1. 1 China 48k works
  2. 2 United States 43k works
  3. 3 India 10k works
  4. 4 Germany 7.5k works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 7.4k works
  6. 6 Japan 7k works
  7. 7 Brazil 6.1k works
  8. 8 France 6k works
  9. 9 Italy 5.3k works
  10. 10 Spain 4.7k works
  11. 11 Canada 4k works
  12. 12 South Korea 4k works