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Science in Poland

Poland ranks #20 of 192 countries on research quality in 2022–2025 (#24 all time), with 250k research works and 14.2% of them in the world's top 10%.

World rank, 2022–2025
#20
of 192 · #24 all time
Works, 2022–2025
250k
▼ 6% vs 2013–17
Top-10% rate
14.2%
record average 16.5%
In the world top 100
0
12 in the top 1,000
Open access
48%
world 63%

What is Poland strongest at in science?

On research quality in 2022–2025, Poland ranks highest in Medicine (#16 of 155), Complementary and alternative medicine (#5 of 36) and Arts and Humanities (#15 of 106). Relative to its size it is most specialised in Linguistics and Language, General Social Sciences and History.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorks
MedicineField #16 of 155 15.4%40,333 Institutions
Complementary and alternative medicineSubfield #5 of 36 24.7%619
Arts and HumanitiesField #15 of 106 12.3%16,600 Institutions
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyField #16 of 108 18.1%11,905 Institutions
Environmental ScienceField #19 of 125 16.3%12,178 Institutions
Health ProfessionsField #17 of 108 16.6%3,723 Institutions
Nutrition and DieteticsSubfield #10 of 62 20.8%1,276 Institutions
Food ScienceSubfield #12 of 73 20.9%2,142 Institutions
EngineeringField #23 of 134 11.9%32,338 Institutions
EnergyField #13 of 73 14.1%2,128 Institutions
BiochemistrySubfield #5 of 28 28.4%628
Social SciencesField #27 of 151 10.4%50,380 Institutions

Where its research is concentrated

Location quotient: how much more — or less — of each node it does than its size predicts. Drawn around 1×, where “twice the world share” and “half of it” are the same distance apart in opposite directions. A volume reading, which on a country axis is largely population and industrial structure.

  1. Linguistics and LanguageSubfield · 3,711.0 works13×
  2. General Social SciencesSubfield · 2,061.2 works7.5×
  3. HistorySubfield · 4,060.8 works5.1×
  4. Religious studiesSubfield · 1,986.0 works4.8×
  5. AnthropologySubfield · 3,155.5 works4.5×
  6. Political Science and International RelationsSubfield · 14,338.9 works3.9×
  7. Space and Planetary ScienceSubfield · 147.1 works2.9×
  8. PhilosophySubfield · 3,134.3 works2.9×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

The whole field profile

All 26 fields at once. A specialist and a generalist produce the same ranked list and a completely different shape.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.98× its world share, 12k worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.89× its world share, 12k worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.84× its world share, 2,101 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.83× its world share, 3,380 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.89× its world share, 779 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 1.04× its world share, 905 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 1.15× its world share, 4,518 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.55× its world share, 11k worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.85× its world share, 3,314 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.93× its world share, 2,128 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.86× its world share, 32k worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.98× its world share, 12k worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 1.00× its world share, 8,715 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 0.98× its world share, 2,868 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 1.01× its world share, 5,591 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 0.80× its world share, 965 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 0.57× its world share, 3,723 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.84× its world share, 40k worksMedicineNursing: 1.08× its world share, 1,323 worksNursingVeterinary: 1.06× its world share, 359 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 2.30× its world share, 17k worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.92× its world share, 7,411 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 0.72× its world share, 1,743 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 1.26× its world share, 6,735 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 0.92× its world share, 6,980 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 1.60× its world share, 50k worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Arts and Humanities, 2.3×. Every wedge is a field page.

Which keywords describe research in Poland?

By fractional works in 2022–2025, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: European Union, Cultural Studies, Ethnography, Globalization, Migration, Education, Eastern Europe and Soviet Union.

▲ more of its work than of the world’s◆ about the world’s share▼ less than the world’s

Size is fractional works in 2022–2025 in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this country's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization11k▲ 2.2×184 topics
  2. Education9,810▲ 2.3×158 topics
  3. European Union6,853▲ 12×29 topics
  4. Cultural Studies6,848▲ 7.2×44 topics
  5. Human Rights6,103▲ 2.4×90 topics
  6. Nationalism6,018▲ 5.2×34 topics
  7. Migration5,727▲ 6.8×34 topics
  8. Ethnography5,587▲ 13×16 topics
  9. Innovation5,282▲ 2.0×90 topics
  10. Eastern Europe5,159▲ 37×3 topics
  11. Soviet Union5,138▲ 36×3 topics
  12. Literature4,932▲ 3.6×63 topics
  13. Cultural Discourse4,752▲ 50×3 topics
  14. Polish history4,735▲ 70×1 topic
  15. Polish minority4,735▲ 70×1 topic
  16. Cultural Identity4,638▲ 3.6×40 topics
  17. Pedagogy4,556▲ 3.7×30 topics
  18. Ethics4,464▲ 3.7×61 topics
  19. Cultural Heritage4,454▲ 3.3×40 topics
  20. Sociolinguistics4,449▲ 9.4×9 topics
  21. Culture4,350▲ 3.3×40 topics
  22. Language4,242▲ 7.0×15 topics
  23. Urban Development4,151▲ 4.5×23 topics
  24. Lexicography3,978▲ 17×5 topics
  25. Multilingualism3,976▲ 9.6×6 topics
  26. Translation3,959▲ 9.2×7 topics
  27. Media Discourse3,563▲ 22×4 topics
  28. Ethnolinguistics3,530▲ 43×2 topics
  29. Social Sciences3,487▲ 9.9×23 topics
  30. Lifelong Learning3,463▲ 6.8×11 topics
  31. Public Administration3,381▲ 16×6 topics
  32. European Union Law3,320▲ 77×2 topics
  33. Youth Development3,225▲ 14×9 topics
  34. Digital Innovations3,096▲ 78×1 topic
  35. National Identity2,900▲ 10×11 topics
  36. Social Change2,891▲ 9.3×21 topics
  37. Data Privacy2,783▲ 9.7×4 topics
  38. Historiography2,697▲ 8.6×15 topics
  39. Memory Studies2,689▲ 17×6 topics
  40. Consumer Protection2,641▲ 24×4 topics

How many world-class institutions does Poland hold?

Average quality and elite capacity disagree by construction, and both are worth knowing: the first is decided by a country’s whole institution population, the second counts the institutions it holds at the top. One square per institution.

101st to 500th2501st to 1,000th10

Bands are exclusive, so the squares add up to 12 — the institutions it holds in the world top 1,000 — and not to four times it.

Which universities in Poland lead research?

Jagiellonian University, University of Warsaw and Polish Academy of Sciences rank highest in Poland on research quality in 2022–2025.

0%10%20%mean 16.5%fractional works (log) →share in the world top 10% →Jagiellonian University: 14k, 14.0%University of Warsaw: 11k, 14.6%Polish Academy of Sciences: 5,945, 16.9%AGH University of Krakow: 7,969, 15.5%Silesian University of Technology: 5,122, 16.6%Medical University of Warsaw: 4,475, 15.8%Medical University of Lublin: 3,251, 18.3%Medical University of Lodz: 3,109, 19.6%Gdańsk University of Technology: 3,235, 18.6%Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań: 8,360, 12.5%Wroclaw Medical University: 2,980, 22.4%Nicolaus Copernicus University: 4,834, 14.2%Poznan University of Medical Sciences: 3,331, 20.2%Warsaw University of Technology: 5,358, 13.4%Wrocław University of Science and Technology: 3,413, 14.9%Polish Academy of Sc…AGH University of Kr…University of WarsawJagiellonian Univers…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per institution in the list below. The upper left is the interesting corner.

  1. 1Jagiellonian UniversityUniversity · Krakow · #412 worldwide14.0% top 10% · 14k works
  2. 2University of WarsawUniversity · Warsaw · #496 worldwide14.6% top 10% · 11k works
  3. 3Polish Academy of SciencesGovernment institution · Warsaw · #581 worldwide16.9% top 10% · 5.9k works
  4. 4AGH University of KrakowUniversity · Krakow · #597 worldwide15.5% top 10% · 8k works
  5. 5Silesian University of TechnologyUniversity · Gliwice · #618 worldwide16.6% top 10% · 5.1k works
  6. 6Medical University of WarsawUniversity · Warsaw · #703 worldwide15.8% top 10% · 4.5k works
  7. 7Medical University of LublinUniversity · Lublin · #803 worldwide18.3% top 10% · 3.3k works
  8. 8Medical University of LodzUniversity · Lodz · #922 worldwide19.6% top 10% · 3.1k works
  9. 9Gdańsk University of TechnologyUniversity · Gdansk · #925 worldwide18.6% top 10% · 3.2k works
  10. 10Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniversity · Poznan · #951 worldwide12.5% top 10% · 8.4k works
  11. 11Wroclaw Medical UniversityUniversity · Wroclaw · #969 worldwide22.4% top 10% · 3k works
  12. 12Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityUniversity · Torun · #973 worldwide14.2% top 10% · 4.8k works
  13. 13Poznan University of Medical SciencesUniversity · Poznan · #1,146 worldwide20.2% top 10% · 3.3k works
  14. 14Warsaw University of TechnologyUniversity · Warsaw · #1,211 worldwide13.4% top 10% · 5.4k works
  15. 15Wrocław University of Science and TechnologyUniversity · Wroclaw · #1,218 worldwide14.9% top 10% · 3.4k works

The track on each row is its top-10% rate; the tick is the world’s rate in this record, 16.5% — teal above it, red below.

All ranked institutions in Poland

Who are the top researchers in Poland?

Michel Foucault, Maciej Banach and Piotr Ponikowski rank highest among researchers based in Poland.

  1. 1 Michel Foucault · #5 worldwide 4.6k citations · 194 works
  2. 2 Maciej Banach · #49 worldwide 5.2k citations · 199 works
  3. 3 Piotr Ponikowski · #225 worldwide 4.1k citations · 218 works
  4. 4 S. Farrell · #296 worldwide 4.9k citations · 150 works
  5. 5 U. Gul · #338 worldwide 5k citations · 162 works
  6. 6 C. Bertella · #362 worldwide 5.1k citations · 161 works
  7. 7 F. De Lorenzi · #412 worldwide 4.4k citations · 138 works
  8. 8 S. Stern · #478 worldwide 4k citations · 110 works
  9. 9 V. Bortolotto · #533 worldwide 4.3k citations · 126 works
  10. 10 L. Smestad · #613 worldwide 4.3k citations · 116 works
Top researchers in Poland

Which cities in Poland are research hubs?

  1. 1 Warsaw Poland 415k works
  2. 2 Krakow Poland 178k works
  3. 3 Poznań Poland 141k works
  4. 4 Wrocław Poland 115k works
  5. 5 Łódź Poland 89k works
  6. 6 Lublin Poland 80k works
  7. 7 Gdańsk Poland 65k works
  8. 8 Katowice Poland 57k works
  9. 9 Szczecin Poland 45k works
  10. 10 Gliwice Poland 36k works
  11. 11 Olsztyn Poland 31k works
  12. 12 Białystok Poland 30k works

How much of it is in the largest

The same cities as shares of everything these twelve account for.

Warsaw: 32.4%Krakow: 13.9%Poznań: 11.0%Wrocław: 8.9%8 others listed: 33.8%32%largest
Warsaw415k · 32.4%Krakow178k · 13.9%Poznań141k · 11.0%Wrocław115k · 8.9%8 others listed433k · 33.8%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

How open and international is Poland's research?

48% of its research is openly available (world: 40%), and 13% is written with international co-authors (world: 18%).

openly available48.5%not open51.5%

World: 63% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors13.0%domestic only87.0%

World: 22% is written across borders.

How has Poland's research grown?

Output in 2018–2022 was 6% lower than in 2013–2017.

1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon — one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Research fields in Poland