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Hungary vs Poland

On research quality in 2022-now, Poland ranks #23 in the world and Hungary #32, of 189 countries. Hungary stands higher in 1 of the 26 fields both publish in, Poland in 25.

Research profiles alike: 0.55similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Hungary

World rank, 2022-now
#32
#36 all time
Works, 2022-now
69k
fractional
Top-10% rate
8.6%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
48%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Geography, Planning and Development, Life-span and Life-course Studies, Archeology.

Poland

World rank, 2022-now
#23
#28 all time
Works, 2022-now
250k
fractional
Top-10% rate
9.2%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
49%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Linguistics and Language, General Social Sciences, History.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Poland leads on 4 of 9 measures: research quality, citation excellence for its fields, output and top-10% rate. Hungary leads on 3 of 9 measures: citations per work, international co-authorship and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100 and open access.

Hungary 32 level4 Poland
  1. #32Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#23
  2. 0.87×Citation excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.93×
  3. 69kOutputfractional works, 2022-now250k
  4. 8.6%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited9.2%
  5. 14.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work9.2
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 48%Open accessof its works free to read, all time49%
  8. 24%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time13%
  9. +23%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change-11%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, citation excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Hungary stands higher in 1 of 26 fields, Poland in 25. Poland leads most in Chemistry (#17 against #41); Hungary leads most in Neuroscience (#24 against #29). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Hungary 125 Poland
  1. #33Agricultural and Biological Sciences#21
  2. #30Arts and Humanities#19
  3. #30Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#25
  4. #31Business, Management and Accounting#25
  5. -Chemical Engineering#25
  6. #41Chemistry#17
  7. #38Computer Science#23
  8. #37Decision Sciences#30
  9. #30Dentistry#18
  10. #37Earth and Planetary Sciences#35
  11. #29Economics, Econometrics and Finance#21
  12. #41Energy#22
  13. #37Engineering#25
  14. #38Environmental Science#28
  15. #33Health Professions#28
  16. #33Immunology and Microbiology#30
  17. #40Materials Science#17
  18. #30Mathematics#24
  19. #33Medicine#29
  20. #24Neuroscience#29
  21. #35Nursing#21
  22. #28Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics#18
  23. #27Physics and Astronomy#23
  24. #31Psychology#30
  25. #31Social Sciences#24
  26. -Veterinary#16

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Hungary rankPoland rank Hungary top 10%Poland top 10% Hungary worksPoland works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #33 #21 9.5% 11.8% 4.1k 12k
Arts and Humanities #30 #19 8.6% 9.8% 3.5k 17k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #30 #25 7.8% 9.3% 3.3k 12k
Business, Management and Accounting #31 #25 10.2% 8.7% 2.2k 7.4k
Chemical Engineering - #25 - 7.2% - 905
Chemistry #41 #17 5.1% 9.0% 1k 4.5k
Computer Science #38 #23 7.6% 8.1% 4.1k 11k
Decision Sciences #37 #30 8.6% 8.1% 695 1.7k
Dentistry #30 #18 20.5% 20.1% 260 965
Earth and Planetary Sciences #37 #35 7.0% 7.1% 1.2k 3.3k
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #29 #21 10.0% 8.5% 1.9k 6.7k
Energy #41 #22 8.2% 10.1% 464 2.1k
Engineering #37 #25 7.1% 8.3% 7.8k 32k
Environmental Science #38 #28 8.6% 9.0% 3.1k 12k
Health Professions #33 #28 9.3% 10.4% 1.3k 3.7k
Immunology and Microbiology #33 #30 8.4% 9.9% 526 2.1k
Materials Science #40 #17 6.7% 7.2% 1.4k 8.7k
Mathematics #30 #24 8.3% 8.1% 1k 2.9k
Medicine #33 #29 9.3% 10.5% 9.3k 40k
Neuroscience #24 #29 8.4% 8.9% 1.1k 3.4k
Nursing #35 #21 10.6% 12.0% 231 1.3k
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics #28 #18 9.2% 12.5% 253 779
Physics and Astronomy #27 #23 7.0% 7.3% 1.6k 5.6k
Psychology #31 #30 7.3% 8.2% 2.6k 7k
Social Sciences #31 #24 9.4% 8.7% 16k 50k
Veterinary - #16 - 10.4% - 359

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Hungary

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Sustainability7,962▲ 4.2×137 topics
  2. Globalization7,804▲ 5.1×174 topics
  3. Innovation6,693▲ 8.3×89 topics
  4. Economic Development6,345▲ 10×57 topics
  5. Knowledge Management6,104▲ 14×40 topics
  6. Regional Disparities6,074▲ 165×2 topics
  7. Social Impact5,955▲ 19×25 topics
  8. Policy5,925▲ 35×16 topics
  9. Tourism5,878▲ 82×9 topics
  10. Environmental Influence5,802▲ 252×1 topic
  11. Climate Change2,714▲ 1.28×130 topics
  12. Epidemiology2,159▼ 0.69×139 topics
  13. Machine Learning1,914▼ 0.74×97 topics
  14. Education1,437◆ 1.07×156 topics
  15. Inflammation1,306▼ 0.79×83 topics
  16. Artificial Intelligence1,262◆ 1.13×65 topics
  17. Human Rights1,246▲ 1.56×90 topics
  18. Sustainable Development1,239◆ 1.01×110 topics
  19. Environmental Impact1,231◆ 0.92×73 topics
  20. Biodiversity966▲ 1.62×38 topics
  21. European Union950▲ 5.5×29 topics
  22. Identity882▲ 1.56×78 topics
  23. Invasive Species868▲ 2.6×21 topics
  24. Nationalism857▲ 2.4×34 topics
  25. International Relations838▲ 4.4×31 topics
  26. Religion709▲ 1.96×43 topics
  27. European Integration636▲ 15×6 topics
  28. Geopolitics633▲ 5.3×12 topics
  29. Diplomacy539▲ 7.4×9 topics
  30. Eastern Europe519▲ 13×3 topics
  31. Soviet Union499▲ 12×3 topics
  32. Cold War486▲ 10×5 topics
  33. National Identity477▲ 5.3×11 topics
  34. Sociology466▲ 4.3×27 topics
  35. Cultural Diplomacy450▲ 7.1×5 topics
  36. Postcolonial Theory437▲ 21×4 topics
  37. Australia425▲ 34×1 topic
  38. Soft Power393▲ 12×3 topics
  39. Central Europe352▲ 57×1 topic
  40. Visegrad Group352▲ 57×1 topic

Poland

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization11k▲ 2.1×185 topics
  2. Education10k▲ 2.2×159 topics
  3. Cultural Studies7,244▲ 7.1×45 topics
  4. European Union7,132▲ 12×29 topics
  5. Human Rights6,479▲ 2.3×90 topics
  6. Nationalism6,245▲ 5.0×34 topics
  7. Migration6,012▲ 6.4×35 topics
  8. Ethnography5,863▲ 12×16 topics
  9. Innovation5,612▲ 1.97×90 topics
  10. Literature5,338▲ 3.5×64 topics
  11. Eastern Europe5,308▲ 37×3 topics
  12. Soviet Union5,301▲ 35×3 topics
  13. Pedagogy4,873▲ 3.5×30 topics
  14. Cultural Identity4,864▲ 3.5×40 topics
  15. Cultural Discourse4,864▲ 49×3 topics
  16. Polish history4,844▲ 71×1 topic
  17. Polish minority4,844▲ 71×1 topic
  18. Ethics4,813▲ 3.4×62 topics
  19. Cultural Heritage4,748▲ 3.2×40 topics
  20. Sociolinguistics4,605▲ 9.1×9 topics
  21. Culture4,528▲ 3.1×40 topics
  22. Language4,404▲ 6.4×15 topics
  23. Urban Development4,401▲ 4.5×23 topics
  24. Multilingualism4,107▲ 9.2×6 topics
  25. Lexicography4,106▲ 17×5 topics
  26. Translation4,103▲ 9.0×7 topics
  27. Media Discourse3,674▲ 21×4 topics
  28. Social Sciences3,670▲ 9.2×24 topics
  29. Lifelong Learning3,640▲ 6.4×11 topics
  30. Ethnolinguistics3,637▲ 44×2 topics
  31. Public Administration3,554▲ 16×6 topics
  32. European Union Law3,482▲ 79×2 topics
  33. Youth Development3,383▲ 13×9 topics
  34. Digital Innovations3,236▲ 81×1 topic
  35. National Identity3,110▲ 9.7×11 topics
  36. Social Change3,067▲ 9.0×21 topics
  37. Data Privacy2,893▲ 9.6×4 topics
  38. Historiography2,859▲ 8.5×15 topics
  39. Memory Studies2,850▲ 16×6 topics
  40. Anthropology2,767▲ 11×11 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Poland has out-published Hungary every year since 1980.

still counting50k100kPoland64k in 2025Hungary18k in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting1.0%2.0%3.0%Poland1.1% in 2025Hungary0.31% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Hungary9.2% in 2025Poland9.2% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Hungary 02 level3 Poland
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5001
  4. 3In the top 1,0005
  5. #33Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#29

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Hungary or Poland?

Poland publishes 3.6× as much research as Hungary in 2022-now (250k against 69k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Hungary or Poland?

9.2% of Poland's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 8.6% for Hungary.

Is Hungary or Poland growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +23% against 2018-21 for Hungary, and -11% for Poland.

Which has more open access research, Hungary or Poland?

49% of Poland's research is free to read, against 48% of Hungary's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Hungary or Poland?

Hungary holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Poland 0; in the top 1,000 it is 3 against 5.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Hungary

  1. 1Hungarian Research Network9.3% top 10% · 5k works
  2. 2Eötvös Loránd University9.7% top 10% · 6.3k works
  3. 3Hungarian Academy of Sciences9.4% top 10% · 4.2k works
  4. 4Corvinus University of Budapest13.7% top 10% · 1.9k works
  5. 5University of Debrecen8.1% top 10% · 5.9k works
  6. 6Budapest University of Technology and Economics7.0% top 10% · 4.7k works

Poland

  1. 1Polish Academy of Sciences9.4% top 10% · 21k works
  2. 2Jagiellonian University8.7% top 10% · 14k works
  3. 3University of Warsaw8.8% top 10% · 11k works
  4. 4AGH University of Krakow9.1% top 10% · 8k works
  5. 5University of Wrocław7.6% top 10% · 4.2k works
  6. 6Wrocław University of Science and Technology8.6% top 10% · 3.4k works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Hungary

  1. 1 Z. Frei #1,545 worldwide 71k citations · 273 works
  2. 2 M. Tápai #1,944 worldwide 72k citations · 134 works
  3. 3 Attila Szolnoki #5,052 worldwide 23k citations · 291 works
  4. 4 M. Vasúth #6,543 worldwide 59k citations · 224 works
  5. 5 Abderahman Rejeb #8,541 worldwide 8.8k citations · 137 works

Poland

  1. 1 P. Jaranowski #637 worldwide 94k citations · 375 works
  2. 2 T. Kunigo #1,235 worldwide 24k citations · 283 works
  3. 3 N. Haddad #1,253 worldwide 21k citations · 240 works
  4. 4 O. Arslan #1,266 worldwide 42k citations · 484 works
  5. 5 M. Lisovyi #1,357 worldwide 65k citations · 863 works

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