Science Explorer Back to mapMap
Compare · Countries

North Macedonia vs Serbia

On research quality in 2022-now, Serbia ranks #74 in the world and North Macedonia #119, of 189 countries. North Macedonia stands higher in 0 of the 23 fields both publish in, Serbia in 23.

Research profiles alike: 0.71very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

Compare other countries
vs

North Macedonia

World rank, 2022-now
#119
#144 all time
Works, 2022-now
7.9k
fractional
Top-10% rate
5.5%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
63%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: General Energy, Finance, Medical Laboratory Technology.

Serbia

World rank, 2022-now
#74
#80 all time
Works, 2022-now
39k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.4%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
59%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Biochemistry, Filtration and Separation, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Serbia leads on 5 of 9 measures: research quality, citation excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate and citations per work. North Macedonia leads on 3 of 9 measures: open access, international co-authorship and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

North Macedonia 31 level5 Serbia
  1. #119Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#74
  2. 0.53×Citation excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.71×
  3. 7.9kOutputfractional works, 2022-now39k
  4. 5.5%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited7.4%
  5. 7.4Citations per workall time, per fractional work9.7
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 63%Open accessof its works free to read, all time59%
  8. 38%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time23%
  9. +25%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+3%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, citation excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

North Macedonia stands higher in 0 of 23 fields, Serbia in 23. Serbia leads most in Medicine (#87 against #141). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

North Macedonia 023 Serbia
  1. #113Agricultural and Biological Sciences#70
  2. #75Arts and Humanities#67
  3. #95Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#69
  4. #79Business, Management and Accounting#67
  5. -Chemistry#56
  6. #79Computer Science#71
  7. -Decision Sciences#58
  8. -Dentistry#49
  9. -Earth and Planetary Sciences#69
  10. #85Economics, Econometrics and Finance#57
  11. -Energy#58
  12. #85Engineering#69
  13. #116Environmental Science#79
  14. #97Health Professions#82
  15. -Immunology and Microbiology#61
  16. -Materials Science#60
  17. -Mathematics#46
  18. #141Medicine#87
  19. -Neuroscience#60
  20. -Nursing#63
  21. -Physics and Astronomy#50
  22. #90Psychology#81
  23. #103Social Sciences#83

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field North Macedonia rankSerbia rank North Macedonia top 10%Serbia top 10% North Macedonia worksSerbia works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #113 #70 4.6% 8.7% 358 2.9k
Arts and Humanities #75 #67 7.3% 6.8% 369 1.3k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #95 #69 3.9% 6.7% 246 1.7k
Business, Management and Accounting #79 #67 7.3% 9.0% 472 1.6k
Chemistry - #56 - 6.5% - 674
Computer Science #79 #71 5.6% 8.0% 689 2.5k
Decision Sciences - #58 - 11.9% - 505
Dentistry - #49 - 8.7% - 247
Earth and Planetary Sciences - #69 - 8.7% - 466
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #85 #57 6.3% 11.4% 489 2k
Energy - #58 - 6.1% - 304
Engineering #85 #69 4.9% 5.6% 865 5.4k
Environmental Science #116 #79 5.1% 6.2% 324 2.1k
Health Professions #97 #82 4.8% 8.0% 233 754
Immunology and Microbiology - #61 - 7.1% - 304
Materials Science - #60 - 5.4% - 996
Mathematics - #46 - 11.2% - 733
Medicine #141 #87 3.3% 6.8% 1.3k 6.9k
Neuroscience - #60 - 6.9% - 485
Nursing - #63 - 8.0% - 244
Physics and Astronomy - #50 - 4.3% - 752
Psychology #90 #81 7.5% 5.4% 245 1.2k
Social Sciences #103 #83 6.8% 8.0% 1.4k 4.7k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

North Macedonia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization362▲ 2.0×138 topics
  2. Machine Learning343◆ 1.13×91 topics
  3. Sustainability335▲ 1.50×113 topics
  4. Sustainable Development292▲ 2.0×87 topics
  5. Epidemiology282▼ 0.78×135 topics
  6. Deep Learning269▼ 0.86×78 topics
  7. Climate Change267◆ 1.08×117 topics
  8. Economic Growth244▲ 3.3×33 topics
  9. Renewable Energy207▲ 1.57×55 topics
  10. Artificial Intelligence206▲ 1.58×54 topics
  11. Innovation175▲ 1.86×68 topics
  12. Social Media171▲ 1.36×38 topics
  13. Human Rights160▲ 1.72×75 topics
  14. Identity149▲ 2.3×58 topics
  15. Healthcare146▲ 1.41×36 topics
  16. Big Data144▲ 1.65×31 topics
  17. Economic Development142▲ 1.95×46 topics
  18. Supply Chain Management135▲ 1.65×25 topics
  19. Energy Efficiency132▲ 1.57×41 topics
  20. Security124▲ 2.0×26 topics
  21. Social Capital123▲ 2.6×19 topics
  22. Financial Performance119▲ 2.3×16 topics
  23. Regional Development116▲ 3.7×20 topics
  24. Nationalism115▲ 2.8×29 topics
  25. Religion108▲ 2.6×32 topics
  26. Ethnicity106▲ 3.1×21 topics
  27. Environmental Management95▲ 2.5×17 topics
  28. Balkans88▲ 42×2 topics
  29. Conflict82▲ 5.5×11 topics
  30. European Union79▲ 3.9×23 topics
  31. Global Governance79▲ 3.6×22 topics
  32. Fiscal Policy76▲ 4.1×10 topics
  33. Small and Medium Enterprises72▲ 4.4×8 topics
  34. Innovation Management69▲ 4.9×10 topics
  35. Geopolitics68▲ 5.0×11 topics
  36. Eastern Europe64▲ 13×3 topics
  37. Post-war63▲ 59×1 topic
  38. Yugoslavia63▲ 59×1 topic
  39. Rural Tourism60▲ 21×3 topics
  40. Leadership Emergence59▲ 47×1 topic

Serbia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Sustainable Development1,762▲ 2.6×103 topics
  2. Epidemiology1,436▼ 0.82×138 topics
  3. Sustainability1,361▲ 1.27×126 topics
  4. Economic Growth1,315▲ 3.7×36 topics
  5. Machine Learning1,287◆ 0.88×95 topics
  6. Climate Change1,224◆ 1.03×125 topics
  7. Oxidative Stress969▲ 1.34×63 topics
  8. Regional Development957▲ 6.4×19 topics
  9. Financial Performance950▲ 3.9×16 topics
  10. Environmental Impact911▲ 1.22×72 topics
  11. Inflammation888◆ 0.95×83 topics
  12. Organizational Culture887▲ 5.2×15 topics
  13. Innovation Management834▲ 12×10 topics
  14. Agricultural Sustainability824▲ 17×6 topics
  15. Small and Medium Enterprises822▲ 11×10 topics
  16. Globalization815◆ 0.95×163 topics
  17. Artificial Intelligence811▲ 1.30×62 topics
  18. Rural Tourism780▲ 57×2 topics
  19. Leadership Emergence780▲ 130×1 topic
  20. Renewable Energy736▲ 1.16×61 topics
  21. Antioxidant610▲ 2.0×51 topics
  22. Ethnicity558▲ 3.4×21 topics
  23. Identity558▲ 1.76×72 topics
  24. International Relations547▲ 5.2×29 topics
  25. Antioxidant Activity510▲ 1.87×32 topics
  26. Religion449▲ 2.2×40 topics
  27. International Trade429▲ 7.0×11 topics
  28. Legal Regulation412▲ 4.2×8 topics
  29. Foreign Policy403▲ 24×4 topics
  30. Sovereign Debt Crises397▲ 22×2 topics
  31. Nation-Building395▲ 17×4 topics
  32. Flavonoids371▲ 3.3×12 topics
  33. Negotiation368▲ 24×3 topics
  34. Commercial Diplomacy359▲ 70×1 topic
  35. Economic Diplomacy359▲ 70×1 topic
  36. Conflict313▲ 4.4×11 topics
  37. Balkans284▲ 28×2 topics
  38. Eastern Europe264▲ 12×3 topics
  39. Post-war244▲ 48×1 topic
  40. Yugoslavia244▲ 48×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Serbia has out-published North Macedonia every year since 1980.

still counting5k10k15kSerbia10k in 2025North Macedonia2,303 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.10%0.20%0.30%Serbia0.18% in 2025North Macedonia0.039% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Serbia7.7% in 2025North Macedonia5.9% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

North Macedonia 05 level0 Serbia
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, North Macedonia or Serbia?

Serbia publishes 4.9× as much research as North Macedonia in 2022-now (39k against 7.9k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, North Macedonia or Serbia?

7.4% of Serbia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 5.5% for North Macedonia.

Is North Macedonia or Serbia growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +25% against 2018-21 for North Macedonia, and +3% for Serbia.

Which has more open access research, North Macedonia or Serbia?

63% of North Macedonia's research is free to read, against 59% of Serbia's.

Which has more world-class institutions, North Macedonia or Serbia?

North Macedonia holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Serbia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

North Macedonia

  1. 1MIT University9.5% top 10% · 1.5k works
  2. 2South East European University7.4% top 10% · 504 works
  3. 3Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts9.9% top 10% · 193 works
  4. 4Goce Delcev University2.8% top 10% · 684 works
  5. 5University "St. Kliment Ohridski" - Bitola5.2% top 10% · 505 works
  6. 6State University of Tetova4.9% top 10% · 350 works

Serbia

  1. 1University of Belgrade7.3% top 10% · 14k works
  2. 2Singidunum University11.5% top 10% · 725 works
  3. 3University of Novi Sad7.5% top 10% · 6.6k works
  4. 4Univerzitet Union Nikola Tesla7.6% top 10% · 504 works
  5. 5Gulf University15.9% top 10% · 417 works
  6. 6University of Kragujevac8.7% top 10% · 2.4k works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

North Macedonia

  1. 1 Kimet Jusufi #21,685 worldwide 6.4k citations · 174 works
  2. 2 Biljana Gjoneska #24,126 worldwide 3.9k citations · 166 works
  3. 3 Veland Ramadani #65,215 worldwide 6.8k citations · 361 works
  4. 4 Gadaf Rexhepi #213,078 worldwide 1.8k citations · 101 works
  5. 5 Sasko A. Kedev #225,524 worldwide 22k citations · 299 works

Serbia

  1. 1 Dragan Stevan Pamucar #1,015 worldwide 30k citations · 791 works
  2. 2 Mihajlo Jakovljević #2,006 worldwide 151k citations · 290 works
  3. 3 Petar M Seferovic #2,543 worldwide 70k citations · 423 works
  4. 4 Irena Ilić #6,030 worldwide 99k citations · 203 works
  5. 5 Vladimir Šimić #6,734 worldwide 7.5k citations · 346 works