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Company · Seattle · United States

Amazon (United States)

In research, Amazon (United States) stands highest in Computer Science (#340 of 4,417 worldwide), Physical Sciences (#916 of 10,670 worldwide) and Artificial Intelligence (#263 of 1,862 worldwide), 2022-now. Relative to its size it is most specialised in Signal Processing, Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Signal Processing is 11.1× its share of world research).

amazon.comROR OpenAlex
World rank, 2022-now
#1,236
of 22,385 · #1,569 all time
Rank in United States
#271
of 3,332
Research works
5k
▲ 95% vs 2018-21
Citations
70k
14.2 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
9.0%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.99×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
63%
world 40%
International
42%
world 18%
Amazon (United States)

What is Amazon (United States) known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, 2022-now, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
Computer ScienceField #340 of 4,417 10.1%1,192 #446
Physical SciencesDomain #916 of 10,670 10.2%1,622 #1212
Artificial IntelligenceSubfield #263 of 1,862 10.7%568 #326
Social SciencesDomain #1,494 of 9,585 9.2%498 #1643
Business, Management and AccountingField #484 of 2,581 9.9%119 #923
EngineeringField #1,298 of 5,901 9.3%255 #1722
Health SciencesDomain #3,060 of 9,902 5.3%191 #4498
Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSubfield #318 of 963 9.9%208 #383
Social SciencesField #2,014 of 5,988 8.2%187 #1843
Life SciencesDomain #2,166 of 6,403 6.7%123 #2291

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where Amazon (United States) sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which of those standings moved

The same fields on both windows: where it stood over the whole record, and where it stands in 2022-now. The distance is the story, and it is the one thing the two rank columns above cannot show.

  1. Computer Science#446 #340
  2. Physical Sciences#1,212 #916
  3. Artificial Intelligence#326 #263
  4. Social Sciences#1,643 #1,494
  5. Business, Management and Accounting#923 #484
  6. Engineering#1,722 #1,298
  7. Health Sciences#4,498 #3,060
  8. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition#383 #318
  9. Social Sciences#1,843 #2,014
  10. Life Sciences#2,291 #2,166
all time2022-now, better2022-now, worse

A dot further right is a better standing. Fields it was not ranked in over the whole record are left out.

Which fields of science does Amazon (United States) work in?

In 2022-now, 66% of research at Amazon (United States) is in Physical Sciences, 21% in Social Sciences. Its largest fields are Computer Science (49%), Engineering (10%), Social Sciences (8%). It does 1.7× the world's share of Physical Sciences.

Physical Sciences: 1,834 fractional works · 66.4% of its workComputer Science: 1,359 fractional works · 49.2% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 641 fractional works · 23.2% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 228 fractional works · 8.3% of its workInformation Systems: 185 fractional works · 6.7% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 118 fractional works · 4.3% of its workSignal Processing: 93 fractional works · 3.4% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 25 fractional works · 0.9% of its workComputer Science Applications: 20 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSoftware: 19 fractional works · 0.7% of its workHardware and Architecture: 14 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHuman-Computer Interaction: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEngineering: 281 fractional works · 10.2% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 61 fractional works · 2.2% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 44 fractional works · 1.6% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 35 fractional works · 1.3% of its workAerospace Engineering: 26 fractional works · 0.9% of its workOcean Engineering: 19 fractional works · 0.7% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 17 fractional works · 0.6% of its workBuilding and Construction: 15 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 14 fractional works · 0.5% of its workComputational Mechanics: 13 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMedia Technology: 11 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMechanical Engineering: 10 fractional works · 0.4% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 7 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEnvironmental Science: 109 fractional works · 4.0% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 28 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEcology: 18 fractional works · 0.6% of its workWater Science and Technology: 15 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNature and Landscape Conservation: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 13 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMathematics: 30 fractional works · 1.1% of its workStatistics and Probability: 18 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 11 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 19 fractional works · 0.7% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 10 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 14 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMaterials Science: 10 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEnergy: 7 fractional works · 0.3% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.0% of its workChemistry: 4 fractional works · 0.1% of its workChemical Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.0% of its workSocial Sciences: 584 fractional works · 21.1% of its workSocial Sciences: 211 fractional works · 7.6% of its workSociology and Political Science: 67 fractional works · 2.4% of its workEducation: 39 fractional works · 1.4% of its workSafety Research: 18 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 15 fractional works · 0.5% of its workUrban Studies: 11 fractional works · 0.4% of its workTransportation: 10 fractional works · 0.4% of its workDemography: 10 fractional works · 0.4% of its workLaw: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 36 fractional works · 1.3% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 140 fractional works · 5.1% of its workManagement Information Systems: 58 fractional works · 2.1% of its workMarketing: 30 fractional works · 1.1% of its workStrategy and Management: 22 fractional works · 0.8% of its workAccounting: 11 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 10 fractional works · 0.4% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.1% of its workDecision Sciences: 100 fractional works · 3.6% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 74 fractional works · 2.7% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 20 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 54 fractional works · 2.0% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 42 fractional works · 1.5% of its workFinance: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workGeneral Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPsychology: 47 fractional works · 1.7% of its workSocial Psychology: 21 fractional works · 0.8% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 10 fractional works · 0.3% of its workClinical Psychology: 8 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 8 fractional works · 0.3% of its workArts and Humanities: 31 fractional works · 1.1% of its workLanguage and Linguistics: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 19 fractional works · 0.7% of its workHealth Sciences: 209 fractional works · 7.6% of its workMedicine: 128 fractional works · 4.6% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 22 fractional works · 0.8% of its workHealth Informatics: 13 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSurgery: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEpidemiology: 10 fractional works · 0.4% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 55 fractional works · 2.0% of its workHealth Professions: 59 fractional works · 2.2% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 33 fractional works · 1.2% of its workHealth Information Management: 12 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 14 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDentistry: 16 fractional works · 0.6% of its workOral Surgery: 7 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOrthodontics: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.1% of its workNursing: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workVeterinary: 1 fractional works · 0.0% of its workLife Sciences: 136 fractional works · 4.9% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 73 fractional works · 2.6% of its workPlant Science: 18 fractional works · 0.7% of its workForestry: 16 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 9 fractional works · 0.3% of its workFood Science: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSoil Science: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 17 fractional works · 0.6% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 37 fractional works · 1.3% of its workMolecular Biology: 23 fractional works · 0.8% of its workGenetics: 7 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 7 fractional works · 0.2% of its workNeuroscience: 19 fractional works · 0.7% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 13 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 5 fractional works · 0.2% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 6 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 2 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKAmazon (UnitedStates)2,764fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences5%Physical Sciences66%Health Sciences8%Social Sciences21%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 26 fields, with their numbers
    1. Computer Science1,35949.2%
    2. Engineering28110.2%
    3. Environmental Science1094.0%
    4. Mathematics301.1%
    5. Physics and Astronomy190.7%
    6. Earth and Planetary Sciences140.5%
    7. Materials Science100.4%
    8. Energy70.3%
    9. Chemistry40.1%
    10. Chemical Engineering10.0%
    1. Social Sciences2117.6%
    2. Business, Management and Accounting1405.1%
    3. Decision Sciences1003.6%
    4. Economics, Econometrics and Finance542.0%
    5. Psychology471.7%
    6. Arts and Humanities311.1%
    1. Medicine1284.6%
    2. Health Professions592.2%
    3. Dentistry160.6%
    4. Nursing40.2%
    5. Veterinary10.0%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences732.6%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology371.3%
    3. Neuroscience190.7%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology60.2%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics20.1%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What does Amazon (United States) specialise in?

Where its research is concentrated relative to its size: Signal Processing takes 11.1× the share of its output that it takes of world research.

  1. Signal ProcessingSubfield · 93.1 works11×
  2. Artificial IntelligenceSubfield · 640.9 works9.6×
  3. Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSubfield · 228.2 works6.5×
  4. Computer ScienceField · 1,358.9 works6.3×
  5. Management Science and Operations ResearchSubfield · 74.3 works5.5×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient, a volume reading rather than an impact one. It surfaces small, lopsided specialities.

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.56× its world share, 73 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.25× its world share, 37 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.22× its world share, 6 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.41× its world share, 19 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.21× its world share, 2 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.09× its world share, 1 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.09× its world share, 4 worksChemistryComputer Science: 6.32× its world share, 1,359 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.33× its world share, 14 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.27× its world share, 7 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.68× its world share, 281 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.80× its world share, 109 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.11× its world share, 10 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 0.91× its world share, 30 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.31× its world share, 19 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 1.20× its world share, 16 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 0.82× its world share, 60 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.24× its world share, 128 worksMedicineNursing: 0.32× its world share, 4 worksNursingVeterinary: 0.28× its world share, 1 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 0.39× its world share, 31 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 1.57× its world share, 140 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 3.76× its world share, 100 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 0.92× its world share, 54 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 0.56× its world share, 47 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.60× its world share, 211 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Computer Science, 6.3×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 26 fields, with their numbers
  1. Computer Science6.32×1,359 works
  2. Decision Sciences3.76×100 works
  3. Business, Management and Accounting1.57×140 works
  4. Dentistry1.20×16 works
  5. Economics, Econometrics and Finance0.92×54 works
  6. Mathematics0.91×30 works
  7. Health Professions0.82×60 works
  8. Environmental Science0.80×109 works
  9. Engineering0.68×281 works
  10. Social Sciences0.60×211 works
  11. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.56×73 works
  12. Psychology0.56×47 works
  13. Neuroscience0.41×19 works
  14. Arts and Humanities0.39×31 works
  15. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.33×14 works
  16. Nursing0.32×4 works
  17. Physics and Astronomy0.31×19 works
  18. Veterinary0.28×1 works
  19. Energy0.27×7 works
  20. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.25×37 works
  21. Medicine0.24×128 works
  22. Immunology and Microbiology0.22×6 works
  23. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics0.21×2 works
  24. Materials Science0.11×10 works
  25. Chemical Engineering0.09×1 works
  26. Chemistry0.09×4 works

Who are the top researchers at Amazon (United States)?

Ranked on the quality score, Li Erran Li, Ramesh M. Nallapati and Dilek Zeynep Hakkani-Tür lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Amazon (United States).

  1. 1 Li Erran Li United States · #75,481 worldwide 5.4k citations · 103 works
  2. 2 Ramesh M. Nallapati United States · #104,620 worldwide 11k citations · 115 works
  3. 3 Dilek Zeynep Hakkani-Tür United States · #236,132 worldwide 9.7k citations · 353 works
  4. 4 George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales United States · #247,681 worldwide 693 citations · 24 works
  5. 5 Joseph Tighe United States · #357,164 worldwide 2.2k citations · 71 works
  6. 6 Syama Sundar Rangapuram United States · #398,986 worldwide 1.8k citations · 34 works
  7. 7 Shervin Malmasi United States · #444,531 worldwide 4.6k citations · 159 works
  8. 8 Markus Dreyer United States · #482,363 worldwide 974 citations · 60 works
  9. 9 Da Zhong Zheng United States · #503,786 worldwide 2.6k citations · 94 works
  10. 10 Aman Chadha United States · #580,865 worldwide 1.1k citations · 152 works
All ranked researchers at Amazon (United States)

What are the most cited papers from Amazon (United States)?

The most cited paper from Amazon (United States) is "Array programming with NumPy" (Charles R. Harris et al., 2020), with 23,885 citations. Next come "Dynamo" (3,469) and "VL2" (2,121).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Array programming with NumPy Charles R. Harris et al. · Nature Open access 16 Sep 2020 23,885
2 Dynamo Giuseppe DeCandia, Deniz Hastorun, Madan Jampani et al. Conference paper 14 Oct 2007 3,469
3 VL2 Albert G. Greenberg, James Russell Hamilton, Navendu Jain et al. Conference paper 16 Aug 2009 2,121
4 Towards Total Recall in Industrial Anomaly Detection Karsten Roth, Latha Pemula, Joaquin Zepeda et al. · 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Conference paper Jun 2022 1,632
5 Bag of Tricks for Image Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks Tong He, Zhi Zhang, Hang Zhang et al. Conference paper Jun 2019 1,589
All 60 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Amazon (United States)?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Deep Learning, Neural Networks, Machine Learning, Information Retrieval, Text Classification, Big Data, Topic Modeling and Machine Translation.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Deep Learning509▲ 5.3×78 topics
  2. Neural Networks359▲ 8.4×32 topics
  3. Machine Learning283▲ 3.1×86 topics
  4. Information Retrieval148▲ 25×5 topics
  5. Big Data141▲ 5.3×29 topics
  6. Text Classification128▲ 29×3 topics
  7. Convolutional Neural Networks120▲ 6.0×14 topics
  8. Topic Modeling117▲ 28×3 topics
  9. Machine Translation113▲ 25×2 topics
  10. Semantic Similarity113▲ 33×1 topic
  11. Word Representation113▲ 33×1 topic
  12. Sustainability107▲ 1.58×71 topics
  13. Artificial Intelligence88▲ 2.2×38 topics
  14. Healthcare84▲ 2.7×23 topics
  15. Deep Neural Networks81▲ 24×3 topics
  16. Security77▲ 4.2×20 topics
  17. Corpus Linguistics74▲ 13×5 topics
  18. Neural Machine Translation72▲ 29×1 topic
  19. Statistical Machine Translation72▲ 29×1 topic
  20. Supply Chain Management71▲ 2.9×21 topics
  21. Representation Learning67▲ 15×3 topics
  22. Distributed Systems66▲ 14×6 topics
  23. Semi-Supervised Learning64▲ 19×3 topics
  24. Internet of Things64▲ 2.7×25 topics
  25. Data Mining60▲ 3.0×17 topics
  26. Anomaly Detection57▲ 7.2×3 topics
  27. Cloud Computing51▲ 6.5×11 topics
  28. Unsupervised Learning49▲ 12×3 topics
  29. Hidden Markov Models46▲ 28×2 topics
  30. Acoustic Modeling44▲ 43×1 topic
  31. IoT Security44▲ 5.2×3 topics
  32. Speaker Verification44▲ 43×1 topic
  33. Meta-Learning44▲ 18×2 topics
  34. Semantic Reasoning41▲ 16×2 topics
  35. Visual Question Answering41▲ 16×2 topics
  36. Image Captioning40▲ 26×1 topic
  37. Multimodal Fusion40▲ 26×1 topic
  38. Reinforcement Learning40▲ 13×4 topics
  39. Data Integration39▲ 8.3×6 topics
  40. Predictive Analytics38▲ 13×2 topics

Which research topics does Amazon (United States) publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Topic Modeling, Natural Language Processing Techniques, Speech Recognition and Synthesis and Multimodal Machine Learning Applications.

Topic Modeling113Topic Modeling: 113 fractional worksNatural Language Processing Techniques: 72 fractional worksSpeech Recognition and Synthesis: 44 fractional worksMultimodal Machine Learning Applications: 40 fractional worksBig Data and Business Intelligence: 34 fractional worksSpeech and dialogue systems: 30 fractional worksSpeech and Audio Processing: 29 fractional worksCloud Computing and Resource Management: 28 fractional worksMusic and Audio Processing: 27 fractional worksDomain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning: 26 fractional works
Artificial IntelligenceComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionManagement Information SystemsSignal Processing1 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Topic Modeling Artificial Intelligence 113 works
  2. 2 Natural Language Processing Techniques Artificial Intelligence 72 works
  3. 3 Speech Recognition and Synthesis Artificial Intelligence 44 works
  4. 4 Multimodal Machine Learning Applications Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 40 works
  5. 5 Big Data and Business Intelligence Management Information Systems 34 works
  6. 6 Speech and dialogue systems Artificial Intelligence 30 works
  7. 7 Speech and Audio Processing Signal Processing 29 works
  8. 8 Cloud Computing and Resource Management Information Systems 28 works
  9. 9 Music and Audio Processing Signal Processing 27 works
  10. 10 Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning Artificial Intelligence 26 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available63.0%not open37.0%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors41.9%domestic only58.1%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Amazon (United States)'s research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 95% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Amazon (United States) as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.012% in 2024.

still counting0.0050%0.010%0.015%Amazon (United States)0.011% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Amazon (United States) over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting10%20%all institutions10.0% in 2025Amazon (United States)8.1% in 202520102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 18.8% in 2008.

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Amazon (United States) on Science Explorer

A card with Amazon (United States)'s standing and the fields it leads in, for a post or a slide. A link to this page previews as the same card.

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Its overall standing, then the domains, fields and subfields where Amazon (United States) is in the world's top ten or its top 1%. Each has an image of its own.

Overall

Fields

Research measures only: rankings here say nothing about teaching, admissions or student experience. Comparable institutions and collaboration partners have tabs of their own, above.

Questions people ask

What does Amazon publish research on?

In research, Amazon (United States) stands highest in Computer Science (#340 of 4,417 worldwide), Physical Sciences (#916 of 10,670 worldwide) and Artificial Intelligence (#263 of 1,862 worldwide), 2022-now. Relative to its size it is most specialised in Signal Processing, Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Signal Processing is 11.1× its share of world research).

All 1,273 questions in the Question Catalogue

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