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Company · Phoenix · United States

DDC-I (United States)

ddci.comROR OpenAlex
Research works
28
▲ 579% vs 2018-21
Citations
145
5.2 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
1.5%
all institutions 10.0%
Open access
18%
world 40%
International
6%
world 18%
DDC-I (United States)

Not ranked overall: DDC-I (United States) is under the volume floor below which an excellence rate is noise. Not ranked is not the same as ranked last.

Which fields of science does DDC-I (United States) work in?

In all years, 84% of research at DDC-I (United States) is in Physical Sciences, 6% in Social Sciences. Its largest fields are Engineering (41%), Computer Science (40%), Medicine (5%). It does 1.9× the world's share of Physical Sciences.

Physical Sciences: 24 fractional works · 84.4% of its workEngineering: 11 fractional works · 40.9% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 3 fractional works · 10.5% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 3 fractional works · 9.1% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 2 fractional works · 8.7% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 2 fractional works · 7.1% of its workAerospace Engineering: 0 fractional works · 1.2% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 0 fractional works · 1.2% of its workComputational Mechanics: 0 fractional works · 1.2% of its workMechanical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 1.2% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workComputer Science: 11 fractional works · 39.9% of its workHardware and Architecture: 6 fractional works · 19.8% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 2 fractional works · 8.6% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 2 fractional works · 6.0% of its workSoftware: 1 fractional works · 3.8% of its workInformation Systems: 0 fractional works · 1.8% of its workEnergy: 1 fractional works · 2.6% of its workFuel Technology: 0 fractional works · 1.8% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workEnvironmental Science: 0 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.8% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSocial Sciences: 2 fractional works · 5.8% of its workSocial Sciences: 1 fractional works · 3.3% of its workSociology and Political Science: 1 fractional works · 1.9% of its workDevelopment: 0 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workDecision Sciences: 1 fractional works · 2.4% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 0 fractional works · 1.8% of its workStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPsychology: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workHealth Sciences: 1 fractional works · 5.1% of its workMedicine: 1 fractional works · 4.6% of its workOphthalmology: 1 fractional works · 3.6% of its workPharmacology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workNeurology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workHealth Professions: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workComplementary and Manual Therapy: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNursing: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workLife Sciences: 1 fractional works · 4.6% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 1 fractional works · 3.9% of its workPlant Science: 1 fractional works · 2.1% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 0 fractional works · 1.8% of its workNeuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workCellular and Molecular Neuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMolecular Biology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workALL ITS WORKDDC-I (UnitedStates)28fractional works, all years
Life Sciences5%Physical Sciences84%Health Sciences5%Social Sciences6%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in all years. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 13 fields, with their numbers
    1. Engineering1140.9%
    2. Computer Science1139.9%
    3. Energy12.6%
    4. Environmental Science01.0%
    1. Social Sciences13.3%
    2. Decision Sciences12.4%
    3. Psychology00.1%
    1. Medicine14.6%
    2. Health Professions00.3%
    3. Nursing00.2%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences13.9%
    2. Neuroscience00.5%
    3. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology00.3%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Who are the top researchers at DDC-I (United States)?

Ranked on the quality score, Joyce L. Tokar lead among researchers whose main affiliation is DDC-I (United States).

  1. 1 Joyce L. Tokar United States · #4,881,755 worldwide 44 citations · 24 works
All ranked researchers at DDC-I (United States)

What are the most cited papers from DDC-I (United States)?

The most cited paper from DDC-I (United States) is "The Severity of Autism Is Associated with Toxic Metal Body Burden and Red Blood Cell Glutathione Levels" (James B. Adams, Matthew Baral, E. Geis et al., 2009), with 162 citations. Next come "Bone Graft Incorporation in Radiographically Successful Human Intervertebral Body Fusion Cages" (83) and "Histology of Tissues Within Retrieved Human Titanium Mesh Cages" (28).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 The Severity of Autism Is Associated with Toxic Metal Body Burden and Red Blood Cell Glutathione Levels James B. Adams, Matthew Baral, E. Geis et al. · Journal of Toxicology Open access 2009 162
2 Bone Graft Incorporation in Radiographically Successful Human Intervertebral Body Fusion Cages Daisuke Togawa, Thomas W. Bauer, John W. Brantigan et al. · Spine Dec 2001 83
3 Histology of Tissues Within Retrieved Human Titanium Mesh Cages Daisuke Togawa, Thomas W. Bauer, Isador H. Lieberman et al. · Spine Feb 2003 28
4 A comparison of the object oriented features of Ada 9X and C++ Jesper Jørgensen · Lecture notes in computer science Conference paper 1993 8
5 Photovoltaic module certification and laboratory accreditation criteria development Carl R. Osterwald, Rob Hammond, G. A. Zerlaut et al. Conference paper 17 Dec 2002 7
All 29 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at DDC-I (United States)?

By fractional works in all years, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Model-Based Development, Embedded Systems, Renewable Energy, Risk Assessment, Hard Real-Time Systems, Scheduling Algorithms, Smart Grid and Assurance Cases.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in all years in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 33 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 33 words, with their numbers
  1. Model-Based Development4▲ 372×2 topics
  2. Embedded Systems4▲ 150×2 topics
  3. Renewable Energy3▲ 9.8×4 topics
  4. Risk Assessment3▲ 16×3 topics
  5. Hard Real-Time Systems2▲ 413×1 topic
  6. Scheduling Algorithms2▲ 176×1 topic
  7. Smart Grid2▲ 30×2 topics
  8. Assurance Cases2▲ 1129×1 topic
  9. High-Performance Computing2▲ 56×2 topics
  10. Safety Assurance2▲ 1129×1 topic
  11. STEM Education2▲ 26×1 topic
  12. Spatial Ability2▲ 464×1 topic
  13. Distributed Systems2▲ 28×2 topics
  14. Hardware-in-the-Loop2▲ 240×1 topic
  15. Real-Time Simulation2▲ 240×1 topic
  16. Autonomic Computing2▲ 192×1 topic
  17. Self-Adaptive Systems2▲ 192×1 topic
  18. FPGA2▲ 69×2 topics
  19. Radiation Effects2▲ 121×1 topic
  20. Soft Errors2▲ 266×1 topic
  21. Parallel Computing1▲ 28×1 topic
  22. Performance Optimization1▲ 49×1 topic
  23. Workflow Management1▲ 51×2 topics
  24. High-Level Synthesis1▲ 107×1 topic
  25. Reconfigurable Computing1▲ 96×1 topic
  26. Architecture-Based Approach1▲ 115×1 topic
  27. Fault Diagnosis1▲ 16×1 topic
  28. Laser Eye Injuries1▲ 184×1 topic
  29. Log Analysis1▲ 102×1 topic
  30. Performance Prediction1▲ 63×1 topic
  31. Retinal Damage1▲ 184×1 topic
  32. Sequential Testing Algorithms1▲ 344×1 topic
  33. Software Reliability Modeling1▲ 115×1 topic

Which research topics does DDC-I (United States) publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy, Power Line Communications and Noise, Radiation Effects in Electronics and Network Time Synchronization Technologies.

Safety Systems Engineeri…1Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy: 1 fractional worksPower Line Communications and Noise: 0 fractional worksRadiation Effects in Electronics: 0 fractional worksNetwork Time Synchroniza…0Network Time Synchronization Technologies: 0 fractional worksAdvanced Software Engine…0Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies: 0 fractional worksReal-Time Systems Scheduling: 0 fractional works
Safety, Risk, Reliability and QualityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComputer Networks and CommunicationsArtificial Intelligence1 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality 1 works
  2. 2 Power Line Communications and Noise Electrical and Electronic Engineering 0 works
  3. 3 Radiation Effects in Electronics Electrical and Electronic Engineering 0 works
  4. 4 Network Time Synchronization Technologies Computer Networks and Communications 0 works
  5. 5 Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies Artificial Intelligence 0 works
  6. 6 Real-Time Systems Scheduling Hardware and Architecture 0 works
  7. 7 Migration, Refugees, and Integration Sociology and Political Science 0 works
  8. 8 Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine 0 works
  9. 9 Education and experiences of immigrants and refugees Education 0 works
  10. 10 Migration, Health and Trauma Clinical Psychology 0 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available17.8%not open82.2%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors5.5%domestic only94.5%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has DDC-I (United States)'s research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 579% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is DDC-I (United States) as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.000036% in 2024.

still counting0.00020%0.00040%DDC-I (United States)0.0000022% in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works of DDC-I (United States) over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

Other research institutions in Phoenix

All research institutions in Phoenix

Research measures only: rankings here say nothing about teaching, admissions or student experience. Comparable institutions and collaboration partners have tabs of their own, above.

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