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Topic · Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography

Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography is a research topic within Electrical and Electronic Engineering. Science Explorer counts 17k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers covers advancements in electrical tomography techniques, including electrical impedance tomography, capacitance tomography, and magnetic induction tomography. It explores topics such as image reconstruction algorithms, conductivity imaging, bioimpedance analysis, multi-phase flow measurement, and their applications in medical and industrial fields.

  • Electrical Impedance Tomography
  • Image Reconstruction Algorithms
  • Conductivity Imaging
  • Capacitance Tomography
  • Magnetic Induction Tomography
  • Bioimpedance Analysis
  • Multi-phase Flow Measurement
  • Medical Applications
  • Neural Network Reconstruction
  • Process Tomography
Research works
17k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
1.6k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+7%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
42% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography

Which countries lead Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (885 and 342 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 885 works
  2. 2 United States 342 works
  3. 3 Germany 170 works
  4. 4 Japan 138 works
  5. 5 India 129 works
  6. 6 United Kingdom 128 works
  7. 7 Italy 99 works
  8. 8 Russia 79 works
  9. 9 South Korea 77 works
  10. 10 France 76 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 41.7%United States: 16.1%Germany: 8.0%Japan: 6.5%6 others listed: 27.7%42%largest
China885 · 41.7%United States342 · 16.1%Germany170 · 8.0%Japan138 · 6.5%6 others listed588 · 27.7%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography research?

By volume in 2022-now, Tianjin University publishes the most Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography research, followed by Chinese Academy of Sciences and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Tianjin UniversityChina 54 works
  2. 2 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 36 works
  3. 3 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 30 works
  4. 4 Beihang UniversityChina 27 works
  5. 5 Zhejiang UniversityChina 22 works
  6. 6 Tsinghua UniversityChina 20 works
  7. 7 Chiba UniversityJapan 19 works
  8. 8 Helmholtz Association of German Research CentresGermany 16 works
  9. 9 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 16 works
  10. 10 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 16 works

Who are the leading researchers in Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography include Karl John Friston, Kai You Wang and Michael Phillips.

  1. 1 Karl John Friston United Kingdom 310k citations
  2. 2 Kai You Wang China 224k citations
  3. 3 Michael Phillips Australia 199k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography?

The most cited paper in Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography is "The dielectric properties of biological tissues: II. Measurements in the frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz" (Sami Gabriel, R W M Lau, Camelia Gabriel, 1996), with 4,286 citations. Next come "The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues" (4,189) and "Methods of Digital Video Microscopy for Colloidal Studies" (3,885).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 The dielectric properties of biological tissues: II. Measurements in the frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz Sami Gabriel, R W M Lau, Camelia Gabriel · Physics in Medicine and Biology Open access Nov 1996 4,286
2 The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues Sami Gabriel, R W M Lau, Camelia Gabriel · Physics in Medicine and Biology Open access Nov 1996 4,189
3 Methods of Digital Video Microscopy for Colloidal Studies John C. Crocker, David G. Grier · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Apr 1996 3,885
4 The restricted isometry property and its implications for compressed sensing Emmanuel J. Candès · Comptes Rendus Mathématique Open access 11 Apr 2008 3,808
5 The analysis of electrode impedances complicated by the presence of a constant phase element G.J. Brug, A.L.G. van den Eeden, M. Sluyters‐Rehbach et al. · Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Open access Sep 1984 3,706
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography research done?

The largest centres of Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Tianjin (China), Xi'an (China) and Shanghai (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Lublin and Tianjin.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 174 works
  2. 2 TianjinChina 94 works
  3. 3 Xi'anChina 68 works
  4. 4 ShanghaiChina 61 works
  5. 5 NanjingChina 50 works
  6. 6 LondonUnited Kingdom 39 works
  7. 7 HangzhouChina 38 works
  8. 8 TokyoJapan 34 works
  9. 9 SeoulSouth Korea 34 works
  10. 10 MoscowRussia 26 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. LublinPL · 23.5 works11×
  2. TianjinCN · 94.2 works6.9×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography than the world average.

See Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography on the map

Where is the best place to study Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography?

Among universities, judged by research, University of Edinburgh, Tiangong University and Beihang University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%mean 14.92%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →University of Edinbu…Tiangong UniversityBeihang UniversityTianjin University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1University of EdinburghUnited Kingdom 67.921.3%5.8×13 -0.9%
2Tiangong UniversityChina 62.319.7%20.6×13 +62.8%
3Beihang UniversityChina 59.110.3%9.5×27 +91.1%
4Tianjin UniversityChina 54.44.5%17.0×54 -21.7%
5Southeast UniversityChina 54.220.5%2.9×11 +54.1%
6University College LondonUnited Kingdom 53.312.3%3.6×15 -25.8%
7Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsChina 51.815.6%4.7×11 +41.7%
8Tsinghua UniversityChina 50.517.9%3.3×20 -10.0%
9Harvard UniversityUnited States 50.010.5%1.6×13 +5.6%
10Fudan UniversityChina 50.016.6%2.6×11 +580.6%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography, country by country

Is Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 7% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.012% in 2024.

still counting0.010%0.020%0.030%Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography0.013% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography10.1% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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