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Croatia vs North Macedonia

On research quality in 2022-now, Croatia ranks #52 in the world and North Macedonia #119, of 189 countries. Croatia stands higher in 23 of the 23 fields both publish in, North Macedonia in 0.

Research profiles alike: 0.74very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Croatia

World rank, 2022-now
#52
#59 all time
Works, 2022-now
38k
fractional
Top-10% rate
6.5%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
61%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Industrial relations, Library and Information Sciences, Space and Planetary Science.

North Macedonia

World rank, 2022-now
#119
#144 all time
Works, 2022-now
7.9k
fractional
Top-10% rate
5.5%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
63%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: General Energy, Finance, Medical Laboratory Technology.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Croatia leads on 5 of 9 measures: research quality, citation excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate and citations per work. North Macedonia leads on 2 of 9 measures: international co-authorship and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100 and open access.

Croatia 52 level2 North Macedonia
  1. #52Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#119
  2. 0.76×Citation excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.53×
  3. 38kOutputfractional works, 2022-now7.9k
  4. 6.5%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited5.5%
  5. 8.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work7.4
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 61%Open accessof its works free to read, all time63%
  8. 16%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time38%
  9. +2%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+25%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, citation excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Croatia stands higher in 23 of 23 fields, North Macedonia in 0. Croatia leads most in Medicine (#54 against #141). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Croatia 230 North Macedonia
  1. #54Agricultural and Biological Sciences#113
  2. #51Arts and Humanities#75
  3. #51Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#95
  4. #47Business, Management and Accounting#79
  5. #47Chemistry-
  6. #61Computer Science#79
  7. #49Decision Sciences-
  8. #38Dentistry-
  9. #48Earth and Planetary Sciences-
  10. #48Economics, Econometrics and Finance#85
  11. #45Energy-
  12. #56Engineering#85
  13. #62Environmental Science#116
  14. #65Health Professions#97
  15. #43Immunology and Microbiology-
  16. #49Materials Science-
  17. #53Mathematics-
  18. #54Medicine#141
  19. #53Neuroscience-
  20. #43Nursing-
  21. #44Physics and Astronomy-
  22. #52Psychology#90
  23. #69Social Sciences#103

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Croatia rankNorth Macedonia rank Croatia top 10%North Macedonia top 10% Croatia worksNorth Macedonia works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #54 #113 9.1% 4.6% 1.8k 358
Arts and Humanities #51 #75 4.9% 7.3% 2.4k 369
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #51 #95 7.2% 3.9% 1.5k 246
Business, Management and Accounting #47 #79 8.5% 7.3% 1.3k 472
Chemistry #47 - 6.3% - 490 -
Computer Science #61 #79 7.8% 5.6% 2.2k 689
Decision Sciences #49 - 8.2% - 374 -
Dentistry #38 - 12.7% - 294 -
Earth and Planetary Sciences #48 - 5.8% - 646 -
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #48 #85 5.5% 6.3% 2.4k 489
Energy #45 - 8.1% - 229 -
Engineering #56 #85 6.2% 4.9% 4.3k 865
Environmental Science #62 #116 5.9% 5.1% 2.2k 324
Health Professions #65 #97 5.9% 4.8% 882 233
Immunology and Microbiology #43 - 7.9% - 314 -
Materials Science #49 - 5.4% - 691 -
Mathematics #53 - 5.2% - 443 -
Medicine #54 #141 7.2% 3.3% 7.3k 1.3k
Neuroscience #53 - 5.7% - 473 -
Nursing #43 - 6.6% - 217 -
Physics and Astronomy #44 - 7.0% - 518 -
Psychology #52 #90 5.5% 7.5% 1.5k 245
Social Sciences #69 #103 5.5% 6.8% 5.8k 1.4k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Croatia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology1,625◆ 0.95×139 topics
  2. Sustainable Development1,368▲ 2.0×105 topics
  3. Sustainability1,296▲ 1.23×127 topics
  4. Climate Change1,230◆ 1.05×124 topics
  5. Economic Growth1,129▲ 3.2×35 topics
  6. International Relations1,106▲ 11×28 topics
  7. International Trade1,024▲ 17×12 topics
  8. Nation-Building1,018▲ 45×4 topics
  9. Foreign Policy1,008▲ 62×4 topics
  10. Sovereign Debt Crises1,002▲ 58×2 topics
  11. Negotiation992▲ 65×4 topics
  12. Commercial Diplomacy976▲ 193×1 topic
  13. Economic Diplomacy976▲ 193×1 topic
  14. Religion893▲ 4.5×43 topics
  15. Artificial Intelligence889▲ 1.45×62 topics
  16. Regional Development810▲ 5.5×19 topics
  17. Organizational Culture800▲ 4.8×16 topics
  18. Financial Performance799▲ 3.3×16 topics
  19. Ethics774▲ 3.6×58 topics
  20. Innovation Management742▲ 11×9 topics
  21. Small and Medium Enterprises722▲ 9.5×10 topics
  22. Agricultural Sustainability716▲ 15×6 topics
  23. Rural Tourism696▲ 52×3 topics
  24. Leadership Emergence693▲ 117×1 topic
  25. Identity680▲ 2.2×75 topics
  26. Resilience629▲ 3.0×17 topics
  27. Climate Change Impact621▲ 6.3×8 topics
  28. Environmental Policy580▲ 6.7×14 topics
  29. Water Quality Monitoring549▲ 16×3 topics
  30. Hydrological Analysis530▲ 34×2 topics
  31. Socio-economic Factors524▲ 11×3 topics
  32. Water Resources Management523▲ 92×2 topics
  33. Global Water Resources517▲ 127×1 topic
  34. Integrated Management517▲ 127×1 topic
  35. Media478▲ 7.4×18 topics
  36. Spirituality468▲ 11×7 topics
  37. Social Change455▲ 8.6×19 topics
  38. Cultural Integration449▲ 4.9×3 topics
  39. Communication Technology422▲ 79×1 topic
  40. Youth Subcultures422▲ 79×1 topic

North Macedonia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization362▲ 2.0×138 topics
  2. Machine Learning343◆ 1.13×91 topics
  3. Sustainability335▲ 1.50×113 topics
  4. Sustainable Development292▲ 2.0×87 topics
  5. Epidemiology282▼ 0.78×135 topics
  6. Deep Learning269▼ 0.86×78 topics
  7. Climate Change267◆ 1.08×117 topics
  8. Economic Growth244▲ 3.3×33 topics
  9. Renewable Energy207▲ 1.57×55 topics
  10. Artificial Intelligence206▲ 1.58×54 topics
  11. Innovation175▲ 1.86×68 topics
  12. Social Media171▲ 1.36×38 topics
  13. Human Rights160▲ 1.72×75 topics
  14. Identity149▲ 2.3×58 topics
  15. Healthcare146▲ 1.41×36 topics
  16. Big Data144▲ 1.65×31 topics
  17. Economic Development142▲ 1.95×46 topics
  18. Supply Chain Management135▲ 1.65×25 topics
  19. Energy Efficiency132▲ 1.57×41 topics
  20. Security124▲ 2.0×26 topics
  21. Social Capital123▲ 2.6×19 topics
  22. Financial Performance119▲ 2.3×16 topics
  23. Regional Development116▲ 3.7×20 topics
  24. Nationalism115▲ 2.8×29 topics
  25. Religion108▲ 2.6×32 topics
  26. Ethnicity106▲ 3.1×21 topics
  27. Environmental Management95▲ 2.5×17 topics
  28. Balkans88▲ 42×2 topics
  29. Conflict82▲ 5.5×11 topics
  30. European Union79▲ 3.9×23 topics
  31. Global Governance79▲ 3.6×22 topics
  32. Fiscal Policy76▲ 4.1×10 topics
  33. Small and Medium Enterprises72▲ 4.4×8 topics
  34. Innovation Management69▲ 4.9×10 topics
  35. Geopolitics68▲ 5.0×11 topics
  36. Eastern Europe64▲ 13×3 topics
  37. Post-war63▲ 59×1 topic
  38. Yugoslavia63▲ 59×1 topic
  39. Rural Tourism60▲ 21×3 topics
  40. Leadership Emergence59▲ 47×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Croatia has out-published North Macedonia every year since 1980.

still counting5k10k15kCroatia10k in 2025North Macedonia2,303 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.10%0.20%0.30%Croatia0.18% in 2025North Macedonia0.039% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Croatia7.0% in 2025North Macedonia5.9% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Croatia 05 level0 North Macedonia
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Croatia or North Macedonia?

Croatia publishes 4.8× as much research as North Macedonia in 2022-now (38k against 7.9k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Croatia or North Macedonia?

6.5% of Croatia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 5.5% for North Macedonia.

Is Croatia or North Macedonia growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +25% against 2018-21 for North Macedonia, and +2% for Croatia.

Which has more open access research, Croatia or North Macedonia?

63% of North Macedonia's research is free to read, against 61% of Croatia's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Croatia or North Macedonia?

Croatia holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and North Macedonia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Croatia

  1. 1University of Zagreb6.5% top 10% · 14k works
  2. 2University of Split8.1% top 10% · 3.2k works
  3. 3University of Osijek7.3% top 10% · 2.8k works
  4. 4University of Rijeka7.2% top 10% · 3k works
  5. 5University North9.0% top 10% · 597 works
  6. 6Institut za filozofiju3.7% top 10% · 1.5k works

North Macedonia

  1. 1MIT University9.5% top 10% · 1.5k works
  2. 2South East European University7.4% top 10% · 504 works
  3. 3Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts9.9% top 10% · 193 works
  4. 4Goce Delcev University2.8% top 10% · 684 works
  5. 5University "St. Kliment Ohridski" - Bitola5.2% top 10% · 505 works
  6. 6State University of Tetova4.9% top 10% · 350 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Croatia

  1. 1 D. Mekterović #10,978 worldwide 52k citations · 552 works
  2. 2 Ozren Polašek #21,112 worldwide 75k citations · 684 works
  3. 3 R. Gupta #26,416 worldwide 7.7k citations · 106 works
  4. 4 G. I. Veres #32,507 worldwide 16k citations · 246 works
  5. 5 T. Virdee #36,724 worldwide 11k citations · 145 works

North Macedonia

  1. 1 Kimet Jusufi #21,685 worldwide 6.4k citations · 174 works
  2. 2 Biljana Gjoneska #24,126 worldwide 3.9k citations · 166 works
  3. 3 Veland Ramadani #65,215 worldwide 6.8k citations · 361 works
  4. 4 Gadaf Rexhepi #213,078 worldwide 1.8k citations · 101 works
  5. 5 Sasko A. Kedev #225,524 worldwide 22k citations · 299 works